Heteroaryl heterocyclic compounds and uses thereof

ABSTRACT

The present invention belongs to the pharmaceutical field, and provides crystalline forms, solvates and the crystalline forms thereof of the compound (S)-4-amino-6-((1-(3-chloro-6-phenylimidazo[1,2-b]pyridazin-7-yl)ethyl)amino)pyrimidine-5-carbo nitrile, and the pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same as well as the methods of preparing the same and the use thereof.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of International Application No.PCT/CN2021/076869, filed on Feb. 19, 2021, which claims the benefit ofChinese Patent Application Nos. 202010104062.2 filed on Feb. 20, 2020,and 202110169142.0 filed on Feb. 7, 2021, the contents of each of whichare incorporated herein by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to heteroaryl heterocyclic compounds,pharmaceutical compositions comprising same, methods for preparing same,and uses thereof.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Bruton's Tyrosine kinase (BTK), a member of non-receptor tyrosineprotein Tec family (including BTK, LTK, TEC, BMX, TXK and the like), iswidely expressed in hematopoietic cells except for T cells, NK cells anddifferentiated plasma cells. BTK plays an important role in signalingmediated by B cell antigen receptor (BCR) and Fcγ receptor (FcγR) in Bcells and myeloid cells, respectively. It is a key regulator on the Bcell development, activation, signaling and survival. BTK can controlthe development and differentiation of B cells by activating positiveregulatory factors and differentiation factors of cell cycle, and canalso control the survival and proliferation of B cells by regulating theexpressions of pro-apoptotic proteins and anti-apoptotic proteins. BTKalso plays an important role in the migration and adhesion of B lymphomacells. In addition, BTK plays a role in many other hematopoieticsignaling pathways, such as Toll-like receptor (TLR) and cytokinereceptor-mediated TNF-α production in macrophages, signaling mediated byIgE receptor (FceRI) in mast cells, inhibition of Fas/APO-1 inducedapoptotic signal in B-type lymphoid cells, and collagen induced plateletaggregation.

In humans, BTK gene mutation would lead to a hereditary immunodeficiencydisease, X-linked agammaglobulinaemia (XLA). Point mutation of BTK geneis implicated in human XLA patients, associated with low to undetectiveBTK mRNA level and BTK protein expression, as a consequence, almostcompletely lack of the maturation and the development of B cells andimmunoglobulins, and significant attenuation of persistent calciumsignal in response to BCR stimulation. The effect of BTK mutation isonly restricted on B cell populations, no significant developmentdefects in other immune cells found in XLA patients. Spontaneousmutations of BTK gene were also found in X-linked immunodeficiency (xid)mice, showing a similar but less severe phenotype. In xid mice ormutation induced BTK gene knock-out mice, B cell differentiation waspartially blocked at the B cell stage, with reduced number of mature Bcells in blood circulation, and resistance to models of collagen-inducedarthritis and staphylococcus-induced arthritis. It has been indicated bya large amount of evidences that BTK is abundantly expressed in thecirculating B cells in the patients with autoimmune diseases such asrheumatoid arthritis (RA), primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS) and systemiclupus erythematosus (SLE), as well as B-cell leukemia and lymphoma. Theaberrant activation of BCR signaling has been confirmed in theseautoimmune diseases and B cell related diseases. Inhibition of B cells,BCR signaling pathway and BTK may slow down the progression of thediseases to varying degrees.

Based on the key role of BTK in the development and functions of Bcells, BTK is considered as a potential target for the treatment of Bcell malignancies and autoimmune diseases. A variety of BTK inhibitorsare being developed for the clinical research of hematologicmalignancies and autoimmune diseases. Small molecule BTK inhibitors(such as ibrutinib, acalabrutinib, zanubrutinib, PRN1008, GDC-0853) haveshown promising therapeutic efficacies. For example, ibrutinib, anirreversible BTK inhibitor, with a relatively high durable efficacy andlow toxicity in clinical studies, has been approved by U.S. Food andDrug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of relapsed mantle celllymphoma (MCL) in 2013, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in 2014,Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia (WM) in 2015, and relapsed/refractorymarginal zone lymphoma (MZL) in 2017. In particular, the approvedindications were extended to chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in2017, demonstrating the mechanism of BTK in the treatment of chronicautoimmune diseases. In addition, the irreversible BTK inhibitoracalabrutinib was approved for the treatment of adult MCL in 2017 andfor CLL in 2019; zanubrutinib was approved by FDA for the treatment ofMCL in November 2019; and a phase 3 study of PRN1008 against pemphigusis ongoing. Some irreversible BTK inhibitors (tirabrutinib, spebrutinib,and evobrutinib) and reversible BTK inhibitors (GDC-0853, ARQ-531 andLOXO-305) have been on the stage of pre-clinical and clinicaldevelopment.

Therefore, BTK inhibitors represent attractive therapy for the treatmentof related diseases, especially cancer, inflammatory diseases orautoimmune diseases.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Provided is a compound of formula (I):

-   -   or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a        racemic mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer        thereof, wherein        -   X₁ and X₂ are each independently CH or N; or, X₁ is N, X₂ is            CR₁₄, wherein R₁₄ is chosen from C₁₋₆ alkyl;        -   X₃ and X₄ are each independently C or N;        -   Y₁ and Y₂ are each independently CR₁₀ or N;        -   R₁ and R₂ are each independently chosen from hydrogen,            deuterium, halogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆            haloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl and phenyl; or R₁ and R₂ together            with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form the            following structures:

-   -   wherein R₆ is independently chosen from deuterium, halogen,        hydroxyl, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ deuteroalkyl and C₁₋₆        haloalkyl; or two R₆ together with the carbon atoms to which        they are attached form 3-6 membered cycloalkyl; m is 0, 1, 2, 3        or 4; p is 1, 2, 3 or 4; Z is N or CR₇; R₇ is chosen from        hydrogen, deuterium, C₁₋₆ alkyl, halogen and C₁₋₆ haloalkyl;        -   or R₁ and R₂ together with the carbon atoms to which they            are attached form

-   -   -    provided that R₃ is halogen, or both X₁ and X₂ are not CH            at the same time;        -   R₃ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen or C₁₋₆ haloalkyl;        -   R₄ is hydrogen, halogen, —CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl,            —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-OH, —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —O—(C₁₋₃            alkyl), —CHO, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NHCH₃, —C(O)N(CH₃)₂ or            3-hydroxyl-oxetan-3-yl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkyl            is each optionally substituted with one or more deuterium or            halo;        -   Cy is

-   -   -    or wherein R₁₁ is chosen from hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl and C₃₋₆            cycloalkyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl is optionally substituted            with one or more deuterium or halo;        -   U, V and W are each independently N or CR₁₂; R₁₂ is            hydrogen, deuterium or halogen;        -   R₅ is hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, —C(O)—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —C(O)—(C₃₋₆            cycloalkyl), —C(O)-phenyl, —C(O)NH—(C₁₋₆ alkyl),            —C(O)NH—(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), —C(O)N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂, phenyl, 5-6            membered monocyclic heteroaryl or 8-10 membered bicyclic            heteroaryl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl,            5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl or 8-10 membered bicyclic            heteroaryl is each optionally substituted with one or more            groups chosen from:            -   1) halogen;            -   2) oxo;            -   3) —CN;            -   4) C₁₋₆ alkyl;            -   5) C₂₋₆ alkenyl;            -   6) C₂₋₆ alkynyl;            -   7) C₁₋₆ alkoxy;            -   8) C₁₋₆ haloalkyl;            -   9) —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH;            -   10) —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl);            -   11) C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl;            -   12) 3-12 membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted                with one or more groups chosen from: deuterium, halogen,                hydroxyl, oxo, —CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₃₋₆                cycloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-CN,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, 4-6                membered heterocyclyl and deuterated 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl or                4-6 membered heterocyclyl is each optionally substituted                with one or more groups chosen from: deuterium, halogen,                —NH₂, —OH, —NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂ and —NH(C₃₋₆                cycloalkyl);            -   13) 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl optionally                substituted with one or more groups chosen from:                halogen, —CN, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-CN, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, C₁₋₆                alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH₂, —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl) and 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl;            -   14) phenyl optionally substituted with one or more                groups chosen from: halogen, —CN, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-CN,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆                alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH₂,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-N—(C₁₋₆                alkyl)₂, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl) and 4-6                membered heterocyclyl;            -   15) —NR_(a)′R_(a)″, wherein R_(a)′ and R_(a)″ are each                independently chosen from hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆                cycloalkyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl) and 4-6                membered heterocyclyl, wherein the 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more                substituents of —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, the C₁₋₆ alkyl is                optionally substituted with one or more —NR_(e)′R_(e)″,                and R_(e)′ and R_(e)″ are each independently chosen from                hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH and 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl;            -   16) —C(O)NR_(b)′R_(b)″, wherein R_(b)′ and R_(b)″                together with the N atoms to which they are attached                form 4-6 membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted                with one or more groups chosen from: deuterium, halogen,                —OH, C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH₂, —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), —NH₂, —NH(C₁₋₆                alkyl), —N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂, —NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl) and —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-OH; and            -   17) —C(O)R_(c), wherein R_(c) is chosen from hydrogen,                C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH                and —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl);        -   R₁₀ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl or C₁₋₆            haloalkyl;        -   provided that if R₁ and R₂ together with the carbon atoms to            which they are attached form the following structures:

and Cy is

then the 3-12 membered heterocyclyl, when substituted, is notpiperazin-1-yl substituted with C₁₋₆ alkyl at both 2- and 6-positions.

The above compounds and the active compounds (including generalstructural formula compounds and specific compounds) disclosed in thecontext of the present invention, including pharmaceutically acceptablesalts thereof, or solvates, racemic mixtures, enantiomers, diastereomersor tautomers thereof, which are covered by the above scope, arecollectively referred to herein as “compounds of the present invention”.

Also provided is a pharmaceutical composition, comprising the compoundsof the present invention, and optionally comprising a pharmaceuticallyacceptable excipient.

Also provided is a method of in vivo or in vitro inhibiting the activityof BTK, comprising contacting BTK with an effective amount of thecompounds of the present invention.

Also provided is a method of treating or preventing a disease mediatedby BTK or at least in part by BTK, comprising administering to thesubject in need thereof an effective amount of the compounds of thepresent invention.

Also provided is a method of treating or preventing cancer, aninflammatory disease or autoimmune disease, comprising administering tothe subject in need thereof an effective amount of the compounds of thepresent invention.

Also provided is a use of the compounds of the present invention fortreating or preventing a disease mediated by BTK or at least in part byBTK.

Also provided is a use of the compounds of the present invention fortreating or preventing cancer, an inflammatory disease or autoimmunedisease.

Also provided is a use of the compounds of the present invention in themanufacture of a medicament for treating or preventing a diseasemediated by BTK or at least in part by BTK.

Also provided is a use of the compounds of the present invention in themanufacture of a medicament for treating or preventing cancer, aninflammatory disease or autoimmune disease.

Also provided are the compounds of the present invention for in vivo orin vitro inhibiting the activity of BTK.

Also provided are the compounds of the present invention for use as amedicament.

Also provided is a use of the compounds of the present invention for useas a medicament for treating or preventing a disease mediated by BTK orat least in part by BTK, especially for treating or preventing cancer,an inflammatory disease or autoimmune disease.

Also provided is a pharmaceutical combination, comprising the compoundsof the present invention and at least one additional therapeutic agent,wherein the therapeutic agent is preferably chosen from: ananti-inflammatory agent, an immunomodulator or an anti-tumor activeagent, wherein the anti-tumor active agent includes a chemotherapeuticagent, an immune checkpoint inhibitor or agonist, and a targetedtherapeutic agent.

Also provided is a kit for treating or preventing a disease mediated byBTK or at least in part by BTK. The kit can comprise the pharmaceuticalcomposition of the present invention and instructions for use, and thepharmaceutical composition comprises the compounds of the presentinvention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1: Growth curve of subcutaneous transplanted tumor TMD8.

FIG. 2: The inhibiting effect of the compounds of the present inventionon B cell activation in mouse whole blood induced by anti-IgDantibodies.

FIG. 3: The inhibiting effect of the compounds of the present inventionon B cell activation in mouse whole blood induced by anti-IgDantibodies.

FIG. 4: Effects of the compounds of the present invention on thearthrosis paw volume in CIA (collagen induced arthritis) rats (the hindpaw volume was measured by a Paw Volume Meter, the data were representedby mean±standard error, and each group respectively represented a normalgroup, a vehicle control group (i.e., the model group in the figure),compound 19 QD groups in different doses, and a 4 mg/kg GDC-0853 group(normal group: n=3, other groups: n=8)).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Definitions

As used in the present application, the following words, phrases andsymbols are generally intended to have the meanings as set forth below,except to the extent that the context in which they are used indicatesotherwise.

A dash (“-”) that is not between two letters or symbols is used toindicate a point of attachment for a substituent. For example, —OR³refers to the attachment of R³ to the rest of the molecule through anoxygen atom.

The term “alkyl” as used herein refers to a straight or branchedsaturated hydrocarbon radical containing 1-18 carbon atoms (C₁₋₁₈),preferably 1-10 carbon atoms (C₁₋₁₀), more preferably 1-6 carbon atoms(C₁₋₆), and further more preferably 1-4 carbon atoms (C₁₋₄) or 1-3carbon atoms (C₁₋₃). When the term “alkyl” is prefixed with “C”, itmeans the number of carbon atoms. For example, “C₁₋₆ alkyl” refers to analkyl containing 1-6 carbon atoms. “C₁₋₃ alkyl” refers to an alkylcontaining 1-3 carbon atoms. Examples of C₁₋₆ alkyl include, but are notlimited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl (e.g. n-propyl, i-propyl), butyl (eg.n-butyl, i-butyl, s-butyl and t-butyl), pentyl (e.g. n-pentyl, i-pentyl,neo-pentyl), and hexyl, and the like.

The term “alkenyl” as used herein refers to a straight or branchedunsaturated hydrocarbon radical containing one or more, for example 1,2, or 3 carbon-carbon double bonds (C═C) and 2-18 carbon atoms (C₂₋₁₈),preferably 2-10 carbon atoms (C₂₋₁₀), more preferably 2-6 carbon atoms(C₂₋₆), and further more preferably 2-4 carbon atoms (C₂₋₄). When theterm “alkenyl” is prefixed with “C”, it means the number of carbonatoms. For example, “C₂₋₆ alkenyl” refers to an alkenyl containing 2-6carbon atoms. “C₂₋₄ alkenyl” refers to an alkenyl containing 2-4 carbonatoms. Examples of C₂₋₆ alkenyl include, but are not limited to, vinyl,propenyl (eg. 2-propenyl), and butenyl (eg. 2-butenyl), and the like.The point of attachment for the alkenyl can be on or not on the doublebonds.

The term “alkynyl” as used herein refers to a straight or branchedunsaturated hydrocarbon radical containing one or more, for example 1,2, or 3, carbon-carbon triple bonds (C≡C) and 2-18 carbon atoms (C₂₋₁₈),preferably 2-10 carbon atoms (C₂₋₁₀), more preferably 2-6 carbon atoms(C₂₋₆), and further more preferably 2-4 carbon atoms (C₂₋₄). When theterm “alkynyl” is prefixed with “C”, it means the number of carbonatoms. For example, “C₂₋₆ alkynyl” refers to an alkynyl containing 2-6carbon atoms. “C₂₋₄ alkynyl” refers to an alkynyl containing 2-4 carbonatoms. Examples of C₂₋₆ alkynyl include, but are not limited to,ethynyl, propynyl (eg. 2-propynyl), and butynyl (eg. 2-butynyl), and thelike. The point of attachment for the alkynyl can be on or not on thetriple bonds.

The term “halogen” or “halo” as used herein means fluoro, chloro, bromo,and iodo, preferably fluoro, chloro and bromo, more preferably fluoroand chloro.

The term “haloalkyl” as used herein refers to an alkyl radical, asdefined herein, in which one or more, for example 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5,hydrogen atoms are replaced with halogen atom, and when more than onehydrogen atoms are replaced with halogen atoms, the halogen atoms may bethe same or different from each other. In one embodiment, the term“haloalkyl” as used herein refers to an alkyl radical, as definedherein, in which two or more, such as 2, 3, 4, or 5 hydrogen atoms arereplaced with halogen atoms, wherein the halogen atoms are identical toeach other. In another embodiment, the term “haloalkyl” as used hereinrefers to an alkyl radical, as defined herein, in which two or morehydrogen atoms, such as 2, 3, 4, or 5 hydrogen atoms are replaced withhalogen atoms, wherein the halogen atoms are different from each other.When the term “haloalkyl” is prefixed with “C”, it means the number ofcarbon atoms. For example, “C₁₋₆ haloalkyl” refers to a haloalkyl asdefined herein containing 1-6 carbon atoms. “C₁₋₄ haloalkyl” refers to ahaloalkyl as defined herein containing 1-4 carbon atoms. Examples ofC₁₋₆ haloalkyl include, but are not limited to —CF₃, —CHF₂, —CH₂F,—CH₂CF₃, —CH(CF₃)₂, and the like.

The term “cycloalkyl” as used herein refers to saturated or partiallyunsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon radical having 3-12 ring carbon atoms(C₃₋₁₂), such as 3-8 ring carbon atoms (C₃₋₈), 5-7 ring carbon atoms(C₅₋₇), 4-7 ring carbon atoms (C₄₋₇) or 3-6 ring carbon atoms (C₃₋₆),which may have one or more rings, such as 1, 2, or 3 rings, preferably 1or 2 rings. When the term “cycloalkyl” is prefixed with “C”, it meansthe number of carbon atoms. For example, “C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl” or “3-6membered cycloalkyl” refers to a cycloalkyl containing 3-6 ring carbonatoms. The cycloalkyl may include a fused or bridged ring, or aspirocyclic ring. The rings of the cycloalkyl may be saturated or hasone or more, for example, one or two double bonds (i.e. partiallyunsaturated), but not fully conjugated, and not an aryl as definedherein. Examples of C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl include, but are not limited tocyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, spiro[2.2]pentyl,cyclopropenyl, cyclobutenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclopentadienyl,cyclohexenyl, etc.

The term “heterocyclyl” or “heterocyclic” as used herein can be usedinterchangeably and each refers to saturated or partially unsaturatedcyclic radicals having 3-12 ring atoms, such as 3-8 ring atoms, 4-8 ringatoms, 4-6 ring atoms or 4-5 ring atoms, and containing one or more, forexample 1, 2 or 3, preferably 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently chosenfrom N, O and S in the rings, with the remaining ring atoms beingcarbon; it may have one or more rings, for example 1, 2 or 3, preferably1 or 2 rings. The heterocyclyl also includes those wherein the N or Sheteroatom are optionally oxidized to various oxidation states. Thepoint of attachment of heterocyclyl can be on the N heteroatom orcarbon. For example, “4-8 membered heterocyclyl” represents aheterocyclyl having 4-8 (4, 5, 6, 7 or 8) ring atoms comprising at leastone, such as 1, 2 or 3, preferably 1 or 2 heteroatoms independentlychosen from N, O and S; “4-6 membered heterocyclyl” represents aheterocyclyl having 4-6 (4, 5 or 6) ring atoms comprising at least one,preferably 1 or 2 heteroatoms independently chosen from N, O and S(preferably N and O), which is preferably a monocyclic ring; and “4-5membered heterocyclyl” represents a heterocyclyl having 4-5 ring atomscomprising at least one, preferably 1 or 2 heteroatoms independentlychosen from N, O and S (preferably N and O), which is a monocyclic ring.The heterocyclyl also includes a fused or bridged ring, or a spirocyclicring. The rings of the heterocyclyl may be saturated or has one or more,for example, one or two double bonds (i.e. partially unsaturated), butnot fully conjugated, and not a heteroaryl as defined herein. Examplesof heterocyclyl include, but are not limited to: 4-8 memberedheterocyclyl, 4-6 membered heterocyclyl and 4-5 membered heterocyclyl,such as oxetanyl, azetidinyl, pyrrolidyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, dioxolanyl,tetrahydropyranyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl,tetrahydropyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrazolidinyl and oxaspiro[3.3]heptyl,preferably oxetanyl (such as oxetan-3-yl), azetidinyl,tetrahydropyranyl, morpholinyl (such as morpholino), piperazinyl (suchas piperazin-1-yl), tetrahydropyridyl (such as1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridyl).

The term “aryl” or “aromatic ring” as used herein can be usedinterchangeably and each refers to carbocyclic hydrocarbon radical of 6to 14 carbon atoms consisting of one ring or more fused rings, whereinat least one ring is an aromatic ring. Examples of aryl include, but arenot limited to phenyl, naphthalenyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalenyl,phenanthryl, indenyl, indanyl, azulenyl, preferably phenyl andnaphthalenyl.

The term “heteroaryl” or “heteroaromatic ring” as used herein can beused interchangeably and each refers to: mono-, bi-, or tri-ring systemhaving 5-15 ring atoms, preferably 5-12 ring atoms, more preferably 5-10ring atoms, and most preferably 5-6 or 8-10 ring atoms, wherein at leastone ring is 5- or 6-membered aromatic ring containing one or more, forexample 1 to 4, heteroatoms independently chosen from N, O, and S,wherein S and N may be optionally oxidized to various oxidation states.When the total number of S and O atoms in the heteroaryl group exceeds1, said S and O heteroatoms are not adjacent to one another. Preferably,the heteroaryl is 5-12 membered heteroaryl. For example, the heteroarylincludes:

a 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl, i.e., a monocyclic ring aromatichydrocarbyl having 5 or 6 ring atoms, wherein the ring atoms include oneor more, such as 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms independently chosen from N, Oand S (preferably N), and the remaining ring atoms are carbon atoms; andthe heteroaryl is preferably triazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidyl,pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, isoxazolyl, triazinyl, oxazolyl, thiadiazolyl,and pyridazinyl, more preferably triazolyl (such as 1H-1,2,3-triazole),pyridyl (such as pyridin-2-yl), pyrazinyl, and pyrimidyl, and

a 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroaryl, i.e., a bicycle aromatichydrocarbyl having 8, 9 or 10 ring atoms, wherein the ring atoms includeone or more, such as 1, 2, 3 or 4, preferably 1, 2 or 3 heteroatomsindependently chosen from N, O and S (preferably N), and the remainingring atoms are carbon atoms, wherein at least one ring is an aromaticring; which is preferably 4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazine,such as 4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl.

Examples of heteroaryl include, but are not limited to: 5-6 memberedmonocyclic heteroaryl, such as pyridyl, N-oxide pyridyl, pyrazinyl,pyrimidyl, triazinyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl,oxadiazolyl (such as 1,2,4-oxadiazolyl, 1,2,5-oxadiazolyl and1,3,4-oxadiazolyl), thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, tetrazolyl,triazolyl, thienyl, furanyl, pyranyl, pyrrolyl, and pyridazinyl; and a8-10 membered bicyclic heteroaryl, such as benzooxazolyl,benzisoxazolyl, benzothienyl, benzoisothienyl, benzothiazolyl,benzoisothiazolyl, imidazopyridyl (such as imidazo[1,2-a]pyridyl),imidazopyridazinyl (such as imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazinyl), pyrrolopyridyl(such as 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridyl), pyrrolopyrimidyl (such aspyrrolo[3,4-d]pyrimidyl), pyrazolopyridyl (such as1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridyl), pyrazolopyrimidyl (such aspyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidyl), triazolopyridyl (such as[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridyl and [1,2,4] triazolo[1,5-a]pyridyl),tetrazolopyridyl (such as tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyridyl), benzofuranyl,indolyl, indazolyl, purinyl, quinolyl, isoquinolinyl, and6,7-dihydro-4H-pyrazolo[5,1-c][1,4]oxazine.

The term “—OH” as used herein refers to hydroxyl radical.

The term “—CN” as used herein refers to cyano radical.

The term “oxo” as used herein refers to ═O.

Any asymmetric atom (e.g. carbon, etc.) of a compound of formula (I) mayexist in an racemic or enantiomeric rich form, for example in (R)-, (S)-or (RS) -configuration. In some embodiments, asymmetric atoms have atleast 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, atleast 95%, at least 99%, or 100% enantiomeric excess in (R)- or (S)configurations, respectively.

When a structural formula or chemical name herein contains “(RS)”, itmeans any mixture of (R) configuration and (S) configuration of thecompound.

The term “optional” or “optionally” as used herein means that thesubsequently described event or circumstance may or may not occur, andthe description includes instances wherein the event or circumstanceoccur and instances in which it does not occur. For example, “optionallysubstituted with one or more” includes unsubstituted and substitutedwith 1, 2, 3 or more substituents as described. It will be understood bythose skilled in the art, with respect to any group containing one ormore substituents, that such groups are not intended to introduce anysubstitution or substitution patterns that are sterically impractical,chemically incorrect, synthetically non-feasible and/or inherentlyunstable.

The term “substituted” or “substituted with . . . ”, as used herein,means that one or more (such as, 1, 2, 3 or 4) hydrogens on thedesignated atom or group are replaced with one or more (such as 1, 2, 3or 4) substituents, preferably the substituents chosen from theindicated group of substituents or radicals, provided that thedesignated atom's normal valence is not exceeded. The said substituentsmay be the same or different from each other. The term “substituted withone or more groups chosen from” or “substituted with one or more” asused herein means that one or more hydrogens on the designated atom orgroup are independently replaced with one or more radicals from theindicated group of substituents or radicals, wherein the said radicalsmay be the same or different from each other. Preferably, “substitutedwith one or more groups chosen from” or “substituted with one or more”means that the designated atom or group is substituted with 1, 2, 3, or4 radicals independently chosen from the indicated group of substituentsor radicals, wherein the said radicals may be the same or different fromeach other. In some embodiments, when a substituent is oxo (i.e., ═O),then 2 hydrogens on a single atom are replaced by the oxo. An optionalsubstituent can be any radicals, provided that combinations ofsubstituents and/or variables result in a chemically correct and stablecompound. A chemically correct and stable compound is meant to imply acompound that is sufficiently robust to survive sufficient isolationfrom a reaction mixture to be able to identify the chemical structure ofthe compound. Preferably, substituents are those exemplified in thecompounds of the embodiment of the present application.

Unless otherwise specified, substituents are named into the corestructure. For example, it is to be understood that when(cycloalkyl)alkyl is listed as a possible substituent, the point ofattachment of this substituent to the core structure is in the alkylportion.

It will be appreciated by the person of ordinary skill in the art(“POSITA”) that some of the compounds of formula (I) may contain one ormore chiral centers and therefore exist in two or more stereoisomericforms. The racemates of these isomers, the individual isomers andmixtures enriched in one enantiomer, as well as diastereomers when thereare two chiral centers, and mixtures partially enriched with specificdiastereomers are within the scope of the present invention. It will befurther appreciated by the POSITA that the present invention includesall the individual stereoisomers (e.g. enantiomers), racemic mixtures orpartially resolved mixtures of the compounds of formula (I) and, whereappropriate, the individual tautomeric forms thereof.

The racemates can be used as such or can be resolved into theirindividual isomers. The resolution can afford stereochemically purecompounds or mixtures enriched in one or more isomers. Methods forseparation of isomers are well known (cf. Allinger N. L. and Eliel E. L.in “Topics in Stereochemistry”, Vol. 6, Wiley Interscience, 1971) andinclude physical methods such as chromatography using a chiraladsorbent. Individual isomers can be prepared in chiral form from chiralprecursors. Alternatively, individual isomers can be separatedchemically from a mixture by: forming diastereomeric salts with a chiralacid (such as the individual enantiomers of 10-camphorsulfonic acid,camphoric acid, alpha-bromocamphoric acid, tartaric acid,diacetyltartaric acid, malic acid, pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic acid, andthe like), fractionally crystallizing the salts, and then freeing one orboth of the resolved bases, optionally repeating the process, so asobtain either or both substantially free of the other; i.e., in a formhaving an optical purity of >95%. Alternatively, the racemates can becovalently linked to a chiral compound (auxiliary) to producediastereomers which can be separated by chromatography or by fractionalcrystallization after which time the chiral auxiliary is chemicallyremoved to afford the pure enantiomers, as is known to the POSITA.

The term “tautomer” as used herein refers to constitutional isomers ofcompounds generated by rapid movement of an atom in two positions in amolecule. Tautomers readily interconvert into each other, e.g., enolform and ketone form are tipical tautomers.

A “pharmaceutically acceptable salt” is intended to mean a salt of afree acid or base of a compound of Formula (I) that is non-toxic,biologically tolerable, or otherwise biologically suitable foradministration to the subject. For example, an acid addition saltincludes such as a salt derived from an inorganic acid and an organicacid. Said inorganic acid includes such as hydrochloric acid,hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, andnitric acid; said organic acid includes such as p-toluenesulfonic acid,salicylic acid, methanesulfonic acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid, citricacid, malic acid, lactic acid, fumaric acid, and the like. For examples,see, generally, S. M. Berge, et al., “Pharmaceutical Salts”, J. Pharm.Sci., 1977, 66:1-19, and Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts, Properties,Selection, and Use, Stahl and Wermuth, Eds., Wiley-VCH and VHCA, Zurich,2002.

In addition, if a compound of the present invention herein is obtainedas an acid addition salt, the free base can be obtained by basifying asolution of the acid addition salt. Conversely, if the product is a freebase, an acid addition salt, particularly a pharmaceutically acceptableacid addition salt, may be produced by dissolving the free base in asuitable solvent and treating the solution with an acid, in accordancewith conventional procedures for preparing acid addition salts from basecompounds. The POSITA will recognize various synthetic methodologiesthat may be used without undue experimentation to prepare non-toxicpharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts or base addition salts.

The term “deuterated compound” or “deuterates” refers to a compound inwhich one or more hydrogen atoms, such as 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 hydrogenatoms, are replaced by deuterium atoms (D).

The term “solvates” means solvent addition forms that contain eitherstoichiometric or non-stoichiometric amounts of solvent. Some compoundshave a tendency to trap a fixed molar ratio of solvent molecules in thesolid state, thus forming a solvate. If the solvent is water, thesolvate formed is a hydrate, when the solvent is alcohol, the solvateformed is an alcoholate. Hydrates are formed by the combination of oneor more molecules of water, or less than one molecule of water, with onemolecule of the substances in which the water retains its molecularstate as H₂O, such combination being able to form one or more hydrates,for example, hemihydrate, monohydrate, and dihydrate.

As used herein, the terms “group(s)” and “radical(s)” are synonymous andare intended to indicate functional groups or fragments of moleculesattachable to other fragments of molecules.

The term “active ingredient” is used to indicate a chemical substancewhich has biological activity. In some embodiments, an “activeingredient” is a chemical substance having pharmaceutical utility.

The term “pharmaceutical combination” as used herein means a productobtained by mixing or combining two or more active ingredients,including fixed and non-fixed combinations of active ingredients, suchas a kit, and a pharmaceutical composition. The term “fixed combination”means that two or more active ingredients (such as compounds of thepresent invention and additional therapeutic agents) are administeredsimultaneously to a patient in the form of a single entity or dose. Theterm “non-fixed combination” means that two or more active ingredients(such as compounds of the present invention and additional therapeuticagents) are administered simultaneously, in parallel or successively toa patient in separate entities, wherein the administration provides thepatient with a therapeutically effective level of the compound.

The terms “treating” or “treatment” or “prevention” of a disease ordisorder, in the context of achieving therapeutic benefit, refer toadministering one or more pharmaceutical substances, especially acompound of formula (I) described herein to a subject that has thedisease or disorder, or has a symptom of a disease or disorder, or has apredisposition toward a disease or disorder, with the purpose to cure,heal, alleviate, relieve, alter, remedy, ameliorate, improve, or affectthe disease or disorder, the symptoms of the disease or disorder, or thepredisposition toward the disease or disorder. In some embodiments, thedisease or disorder is cancer, such as solid tumors or hematologicmalignancies, including lymphoma, leukemia and myeloma. In anotherembodiment, the disease or disorder is an inflammatory diseases orautoimmune disease.

The terms “treating”, “contacting” and “reacting,” in the context of achemical reaction, mean adding or mixing two or more reagents underappropriate conditions to produce the indicated and/or the desiredproduct. It should be appreciated that the reaction which produces theindicated and/or the desired product may not necessarily result directlyfrom the combination of two reagents which were initially added, i.e.,there may be one or more intermediates which are produced in the mixturewhich ultimately lead to the formation of the indicated and/or thedesired product.

The term “effective amount” as used herein refers to an amount or doseof an BTK inhibiting agent sufficient to generally bring about atherapeutic benefit in patients in need of treatment for a disease ordisorder mediated by BTK or at least in part by BTK. Effective amountsor doses of the active ingredient of the present disclosure may beascertained by methods such as modeling, dose escalation studies orclinical trials, and by taking into consideration factors, e.g., themode or route of administration or drug delivery, the pharmacokineticsof the agent, the severity and course of the disease or disorder, thesubject's previous or ongoing therapy, the subject's health status andresponse to drugs, and the judgment of the attending physician.

An exemplary dose is in the range of from about 0.0001 to about 200 mgof active agent per kg of subject's body weight per day, such as fromabout 0.001 to 100 mg/kg/day, or about 0.01 to 35 mg/kg/day, or about0.1 to 10 mg/kg daily in single or divided dosage units (e.g., BID, TID,QID). For a 70-kg human, an illustrative range for a suitable dosageamount is from about 0.05 to about 7 g/day, or about 0.2 to about 5g/day. Once improvement of the patient's disease or disorder hasoccurred, the dose may be adjusted for maintenance treatment. Forexample, the dosage or the frequency of administration, or both, may bereduced as a function of the symptoms, to a level at which the desiredtherapeutic effect is maintained. Of course, if symptoms have beenalleviated to an appropriate level, treatment may cease. Patients may,however, require intermittent treatment on a long-term basis upon anyrecurrence of symptoms.

The term “inhibition” or “inhibiting” indicates a decrease in thebaseline activity of a biological activity or process. The term“inhibition of BTK activity” is a practical pharmaceutical activity forpurposes of this disclosure and refers to a decrease in the activity ofBTK as a direct or indirect response to the presence of the compound ofthe present invention, relative to the activity of BTK in the absence ofthe compound of the present invention. The decrease in activity may bedue to the direct interaction of the compound of the present inventionwith BTK, or due to the interaction of the compound of the presentinvention, with one or more other factors that in turn affect the BTKactivity. For example, the presence of the compound of the presentinvention may decrease the BTK activity by directly binding to the BTK,by causing (directly or indirectly) another factor to decrease the BTKactivity, or by (directly or indirectly) decreasing the amount of BTKpresent in the cell or organism.

The term “subject” or “patient” as used herein means mammals andnon-mammals. Mammals means any member of the mammalia class including,but not limited to, humans; non-human primates such as chimpanzees andother apes and monkey species; farm animals such as cattle, horses,sheep, goats, and swine; domestic animals such as rabbits, dogs, andcats; laboratory animals including rodents, such as rats, mice, andguinea pigs; and the like. Examples of non-mammals include, but are notlimited to, birds, and the like. The term “subject” or “patient” doesnot denote a particular age or sex. In some embodiments, the subject orpatient is a human.

In general, the term “about” is used herein to modify a numerical valueabove or below the stated value by a variance of 20%.

Technical and scientific terms used herein and not specifically definedhave the meaning commonly understood by the POSITA to which the presentdisclosure pertains.

All numerical ranges herein shall be interpreted as disclosing eachnumerical value and subset of numerical values within the range,regardless of whether they are specifically otherwise disclosed. Forexample, when referring to any range of values, it should be regarded asreferring to every value within the range of values, for example, everyinteger within the range of values. For example, C₁₋₆ as used hereinrepresents the inclusion of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 C. The invention relatesto all values falling within the ranges, all smaller ranges and theupper or lower limits of the numerical range.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS (I)

-   Embodiment 1. A compound of formula (I):

-   -   or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a        racemic mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer        thereof, wherein        -   X₁ and X₂ are each independently CH or N; or, X₁ is N, X₂ is            CR₁₄, wherein R₁₄ is C₁₋₆ alkyl;        -   X₃ and X₄ are each independently C or N;        -   Y₁ and Y₂ are each independently CR₁₀ or N;        -   R₁ and R₂ are each independently chosen from hydrogen,            deuterium, halogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆            haloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl and phenyl;        -   or R₁ and R₂ together with the carbon atoms to which they            are attached form the following structures:

-   -   wherein R₆ is independently chosen from deuterium, halogen,        hydroxyl, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ deuteroalkyl and C₁₋₆        haloalkyl; or two R₆ together with the carbon atoms to which        they are attached form 3-6 membered cycloalkyl; m is 0, 1, 2, 3        or 4; p is 1, 2, 3 or 4; Z is N or CR₇; R₇ is chosen from        hydrogen, deuterium, C₁₋₆ alkyl, halogen and C₁₋₆ haloalkyl;        -   or R₁ and R₂ together with the carbon atoms to which they            are attached form

-   -   -    provided that R₃ is halogen, or both X₁ and X₂ are not CH            at the same time;        -   R₃ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen or C₁₋₆ haloalkyl;        -   R₄ is hydrogen, halogen, —CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl,            —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-OH, —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —O—(C₁₋₃            alkyl), —CHO, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NHCH₃, —C(O)N(CH₃)₂ or            3-hydroxyl-oxetan-3-yl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkyl            is each optionally substituted with one or more deuterium or            halo;        -   Cy is

-   -   -    wherein R₁₁ is chosen from hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl and C₃₋₆            cycloalkyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl is optionally substituted            with one or more deuterium or halo;        -   U, V and W are each independently N or CR₁₂; R₁₂ is            hydrogen, deuterium or halogen;        -   R₅ is hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, —C(O)—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —C(O)—(C₃₋₆            cycloalkyl), —C(O)-phenyl, —C(O)NH—(C₁₋₆ alkyl),            —C(O)NH—(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), —C(O)N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂, phenyl, 5-6            membered monocyclic heteroaryl or 8-10 membered bicyclic            heteroaryl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl,            5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl or 8-10 membered bicyclic            heteroaryl is each optionally substituted with one or more            groups chosen from:            -   1) halogen;            -   2) oxo;            -   3) —CN;            -   4) C₁₋₆ alkyl;            -   5) C₂₋₆ alkenyl;            -   6) C₂₋₆ alkynyl;            -   7) C₁₋₆ alkoxy;            -   8) C₁₋₆ haloalkyl;            -   9) —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH;            -   10) —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl);            -   11) C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl;            -   12) 3-12 membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted                with one or more groups chosen from: deuterium, halogen,                hydroxyl, oxo, —CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₃₋₆                cycloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-CN,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, 4-6                membered heterocyclyl and deuterated 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl or                4-6 membered heterocyclyl is each optionally substituted                with one or more groups chosen from: deuterium, halogen,                —NH₂, —OH, —NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂ and —NH(C₃₋₆                cycloalkyl);            -   13) 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl optionally                substituted with one or more groups chosen from:                halogen, —CN, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-CN, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, C₁₋₆                alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH₂, —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl) and 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl;            -   14) phenyl optionally substituted with one or more                groups chosen from: halogen, —CN, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-CN,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆                alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH₂,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-N—(C₁₋₆                alkyl)₂, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl) and 4-6                membered heterocyclyl;            -   15) —NR_(a)′R_(a)″, wherein R_(a)′ and R_(a)″ are each                independently chosen from hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆                cycloalkyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl) and 4-6                membered heterocyclyl, wherein the 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more                substituents of —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, the C₁₋₆ alkyl is                optionally substituted with one or more —NR_(e)′R_(e)″,                and R_(e)′ and R_(e)″ are each independently chosen from                hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH and 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl;            -   16) —C(O)NR_(b)′R_(b)″, wherein R_(b)′ and R_(b)″                together with the N atoms to which they are attached                form 4-6 membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted                with one or more groups chosen from: deuterium, halogen,                —OH, C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH₂, —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), —NH₂, —NH(C₁₋₆                alkyl), —N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂, —NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl) and —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-OH; and            -   17) —C(O)R_(c), wherein R_(c) is chosen from hydrogen,                C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH                and —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl);        -   R₁₀ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl or C₁₋₆            haloalkyl;        -   provided that if R₁ and R₂ together with the carbon atoms to            which they are attached form the following structures:

-   -   the 3-12 membered heterocyclyl, when substituted, is not        piperazin-1-yl substituted with C₁₋₆ alkyl at both 2- and        6-positions;        -   for example, X₁ and X₂ are each independently CH or N; or,            X₁ is N, X₂ is CR₁₄, wherein R₁₄ is C₁₋₆ alkyl;        -   X₃ is N, and X₄ is C;        -   both Y₁ and Y₂ are CH;        -   R₃ is hydrogen, deuterium or halogen;        -   R₁ and R₂ together with the carbon atoms to which they are            attached form the following structures:

-   -   -    wherein R₆ is independently chosen from halogen, hydroxyl,            C₁₋₆ alkyl and C₁₋₆ haloalkyl; m is 0, 1 or 2; p is 1, 2 or            3;        -   or R₁ and R₂ together with the carbon atoms to which they            are attached form

-   -   -    provided that R₃ is halogen, or both X₁ and X₂ are not CH            at the same time;        -   R₄ is —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-OH;        -   Cy is

-   -   -    wherein R₁₁ is C₁₋₆ alkyl;        -   both U and V are CH; and            -   R₅ is chosen from

-   -   -   wherein        -   R₂₁ is chosen from C₁₋₆ alkyl;        -   R₂₂ is independently chosen from C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₆            alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl) or 4-6 membered heterocyclyl;        -   A₁, A₂ and A₃ are each independently CH; and R₁₃ is a 6            membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or            more substituents chosen from C₁₋₆ alkyl and 4 membered            heterocyclyl;        -   provided that the 6 membered heterocyclyl, when substituted,            is not

    -   a piperazin-1-yl substituted with C₁₋₆ alkyl at both 2- and -6        positions.        -   preferably, R₁ and R₂ together with the carbon atoms to            which they are attached form

-   -   -    provided that R₃ is halogen, or both X₁ and X₂ are not CH            at the same time;        -   for example, or R₁ and R₂ together with the carbon atoms to            which they are attached form the following structure:

-   -   -    wherein R₆ is independently chosen from deuterium, halogen,            hydroxyl, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ deuteroalkyl and            C₁₋₆ haloalkyl; m is 0, 1 or 2;        -   preferably, m is 0.

-   Embodiment 2. The compound of embodiment 1, or a pharmaceutically    acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic mixture, an    enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof, wherein R₁ and R₂    together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form

i.e. the compound is a compound of formula (IA):

-   Embodiment 3. The compound of embodiment 2, or a pharmaceutically    acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic mixture, an    enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof, wherein R₁ and R₂    together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form

X₃ is N, X₄ is C, Y₁ is CH, Cy is

and the compound is a compound of formula (II):

-   -   wherein        -   X₁ and X₂ are each independently CH or N; or, X₁ is N, X₂ is            CR₁₄, wherein R₁₄ is chosen from C₁₋₆ alkyl;        -   Y₂ is CH or N;        -   R₃ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen or C₁₋₆ haloalkyl;        -   R₄ is hydrogen, halogen, —CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-OH,            —(C₁₋₃ deuteroalkyl)-OH, —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₃ alkyl),            —O—(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —CHO, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NHCH₃, —C(O)N(CH₃)₂ or            3-hydroxyl-oxetan-3-yl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl is optionally            substituted with one or more halo;        -   W is N or CR₁₂, and R₁₂ is hydrogen or halogen;        -   R₅ is hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, —C(O)—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —C(O)—(C₃₋₆            cycloalkyl), —C(O)-phenyl, —C(O)NH—(C₁₋₆ alkyl),            —C(O)NH—(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), —C(O)N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂, phenyl, 5-6            membered monocyclic heteroaryl or 8-10 membered bicyclic            heteroaryl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl,            5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl or 8-10 membered bicyclic            heteroaryl is each optionally substituted with one or more            groups chosen from:            -   1) halogen;            -   2) oxo;            -   3) —CN;            -   4) C₁₋₆ alkyl;            -   5) C₂₋₆ alkenyl;            -   6) C₂₋₆ alkynyl;            -   7) C₁₋₆ alkoxy;            -   8) C₁₋₆ haloalkyl;            -   9) —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH;            -   10) —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl);            -   11) C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl;            -   12) 3-12 membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted                with one or more substituents chosen from halogen,                hydroxyl, oxo, —CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₃₋₆                cycloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-CN,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, 4-6                membered heterocyclyl, 4-6 membered fluoroheterocyclyl                and deuterated 4-6 membered heterocyclyl, wherein the                C₁₋₆ alkyl is optionally substituted with one or more                —OH;            -   13) 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl optionally                substituted with one or more substituents chosen from                halogen, —CN, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-CN, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, C₁₋₆                alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH₂, —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl) and 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl;            -   14) phenyl optionally substituted with one or more                substituents chosen from halogen, —CN, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-CN,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆                alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH₂,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-N(C₁₋₆                alkyl)₂, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl) and 4-6                membered heterocyclyl;            -   15) —NR_(a)′R_(a)″, wherein R_(a)′ and R_(a)″ are each                independently chosen from hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆                cycloalkyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl) and 4-6                membered heterocyclyl, wherein the 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more                substituents of —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, the C₁₋₆ alkyl is                optionally substituted with one or more —NR_(e)′R_(e)″,                and R_(e)′ and R_(e)″ are each independently chosen from                hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH and 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl;            -   16) —C(O)NR_(b)′R_(b)″, wherein R_(b)′ and R_(b)″                together with the N atoms to which they are attached                form 4-6 membered heterocyclyl, wherein the 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more                substituents chosen from halogen, —OH, C₁₋₆ alkyl,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH₂, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl)                and —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH; and            -   17) —C(O)R_(c), wherein R_(c) is chosen from hydrogen,                C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl and —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl);        -   R₆ is halogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl or hydroxyl; and        -   m is 0, 1, 2 or 3;        -   preferably, W is N or CR₁₂, and R₁₂ is halogen; and/or        -   preferably, R₅ is 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl or 8-10            membered bicyclic heteroaryl optionally substituted with one            or more groups chosen from:            -   1) C₁₋₆ alkyl; and            -   2) 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl, which is optionally                substituted with C₁₋₆ alkyl and 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl;        -   preferably, 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl is 5 membered            monocyclic heteroaryl, more preferably triazolyl;        -   preferably, 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroaryl is 8 membered            bicyclic heteroaryl, more preferably            4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazinyl.

-   Embodiment 4. The compound of embodiment 2, or a pharmaceutically    acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic mixture, an    enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof, wherein R₁ and R₂    together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form

X₃ is N, X₄ is C, Y₁ is CH, Cy is

and the compound is a compound of formula (III):

-   -   wherein        -   X₁ and X₂ are each independently CH or N; or, X₁ is N, X₂ is            CR₁₄, wherein R₁₄ is chosen from C₁₋₆ alkyl;        -   Y₂ is CH or N;        -   R₃ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen or C₁₋₆ haloalkyl;        -   R₄ is hydrogen, halogen, —CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-OH,            —(C₁₋₃ deuteroalkyl)-OH, —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₃ alkyl),            —O—(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —CHO, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NHCH₃, —C(O)N(CH₃)₂ or            3-hydroxyl-oxetan-3-yl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl is optionally            substituted with one or more halo;        -   U and V are each independently chosen from N or CH;        -   R₅ is hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, —C(O)—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —C(O)—(C₃₋₆            cycloalkyl), —C(O)-phenyl, —C(O)NH—(C₁₋₆ alkyl),            —C(O)NH—(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), —C(O)N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂, phenyl, 5-6            membered monocyclic heteroaryl or 8-10 membered bicyclic            heteroaryl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl,            5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl or 8-10 membered bicyclic            heteroaryl is each optionally substituted with one or more            groups chosen from:            -   1) halogen;            -   2) oxo;            -   3) —CN;            -   4) C₁₋₆ alkyl;            -   5) C₂₋₆ alkenyl;            -   6) C₂₋₆ alkynyl;            -   7) C₁₋₆ alkoxy;            -   8) C₁₋₆ haloalkyl;            -   9) —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH;            -   10) —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl);            -   11) C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl;            -   12) 3-12 membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted                with one or more substituents chosen from halogen,                hydroxyl, oxo, —CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₃₋₆                cycloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-CN,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, 4-6                membered heterocyclyl, 4-6 membered fluoroheterocyclyl                and deuterated 4-6 membered heterocyclyl, wherein the                C₁₋₆ alkyl is optionally substituted with one or more                —OH;            -   13) 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl optionally                substituted with one or more substituents chosen from                halogen, —CN, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-CN, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, C₁₋₆                alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH₂, —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl) and 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl;            -   14) phenyl optionally substituted with one or more                substituents chosen from halogen, —CN, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-CN,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆                alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH₂,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-N(C₁₋₆                alkyl)₂, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl) and 4-6                membered heterocyclyl;            -   15) —NR_(a)′R_(a)″, wherein R_(a)′ and R_(a)″ are each                independently chosen from hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆                cycloalkyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl) and 4-6                membered heterocyclyl, wherein the 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more                substituents of —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, the C₁₋₆ alkyl is                optionally substituted with one or more —NR_(e)′R_(e)″,                and R_(e)′ and R_(e)″ are each independently chosen from                hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH and 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl;            -   16) —C(O)NR_(b)′R_(b)″, wherein R_(b)′ and R_(b)″                together with the N atoms to which they are attached                form 4-6 membered heterocyclyl, wherein the 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more                substituents chosen from halogen, —OH, C₁₋₆ alkyl,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH₂, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl)                and —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH; and            -   17) —C(O)R_(c), wherein R_(c) is chosen from hydrogen,                C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl and —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl);        -   R₆ is halogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl or hydroxyl;        -   m is 0, 1, 2 or 3; and        -   R₁₁ is hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl or C₁₋₆ deuteroalkyl;        -   provided that the 3-12 membered heterocyclyl, when            substituted, is not piperazin-1-yl substituted with C₁₋₆            alkyl at both 2- and 6-positions;        -   preferably, U is CH, and V is N or CH; more preferably, both            U and V are CH;        -   preferably, R₁₁ is C₁₋₃ alkyl, preferably methyl or ethyl,            and more preferably methyl;        -   preferably, 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl is 6 membered            monocyclic heteroaryl, more preferably pyridyl, pyrazinyl            and pyrimidyl;        -   preferably, 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl is 5 membered            monocyclic heteroaryl, more preferably triazolyl;        -   preferably, 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroaryl is 9 membered            bicyclic heteroaryl, more preferably            4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazinyl; and/or        -   preferably, 3-12 membered heterocyclyl is 4-8 membered            heterocyclyl, more preferably 4-6 membered heterocyclyl;            provided that the 3-12 membered heterocyclyl, when            substituted, is not piperazin-1-yl substituted with C₁₋₆            alkyl at both 2- and 6-positions;        -   more preferably, 3-12 membered heterocyclyl is oxetanyl,            azetidinyl, tetrahydropyranyl, morpholinyl, piperazinyl or            tetrahydropyridyl; provided that the 3-12 membered            heterocyclyl, when substituted, is not piperazin-1-yl            substituted with C₁₋₆ alkyl at both 2- and 6-positions.

-   Embodiment 5. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-4, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein both X₁ and X₂ are CH, or one of X₁ and X₂ is N, and the    other is CH;    -   and preferably, both X₁ and X₂ are CH.

-   Embodiment 6. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-4, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein X₁ is N, X₂ is CR₁₄, wherein R₁₄ is chosen from C₁₋₆ alkyl.

-   Embodiment 7. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-6, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein Y₂ is CH.

-   Embodiment 8. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-7, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein R₃ is hydrogen or halogen.

-   Embodiment 9. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-8, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein R₄ is C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-OH, —(C₁₋₃ deuteroalkyl)-OH,    —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₃ alkyl) or —CHO, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl is    optionally substituted with one or more halo;    -   preferably, R₄ is C₁₋₆ alkyl or —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₃ alkyl),        wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl is substituted with one or more halo;    -   preferably, R₄ is hydroxymethyl, hydroxy deuteromethyl,        hydroxyethyl, methoxymethyl or fluoromethyl;    -   more preferably, R₄ is hydroxymethyl or hydroxy deuteromethyl;    -   and more preferably, R₄ is hydroxymethyl.

-   Embodiment 10. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-9, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein R₃ is hydrogen, and R₄ is —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-OH.

-   Embodiment 11. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-10, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein R₅ is hydrogen, —C(O)—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —C(O)—(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl),    —C(O)— phenyl, —C(O)NH—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —C(O)NH—(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl) or    —C(O)N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂.

-   Embodiment 12. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-10, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein R₅ is 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl or 8-10 membered    bicyclic heteroaryl, wherein the 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl    or 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroaryl is each optionally substituted    with one or more groups chosen from:    -   C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl;    -   3-12 membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or        more C₁₋₆ alkyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl is substituted with one        or more —OH; and    -   —NR_(a)′R_(a)″, wherein R_(a)′ and R_(a)″ are each independently        chosen from hydrogen and C₁₋₆ alkyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl is        optionally substituted with —NR_(e)′R_(e)″, and R_(e)′ and        R_(e)″ are each independently chosen from C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₆        alkyl)-OH and 4-6 membered heterocyclyl;    -   provided that if R₁ and R₂ together with the carbon atoms to        which they are attached form the following structures:

then the 3-12 membered heterocyclyl, when substituted, is notpiperazin-1-yl substituted with C₁₋₆ alkyl at both 2- and 6-positions.

-   Embodiment 13. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-10, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein R₅ is chosen from

-   -   wherein    -   R₂₁ is chosen from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl and —(C₁₋₆        alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl);    -   n is 0, 1 or 2;    -   R₂₂ and R₂₃ are each independently chosen from hydrogen, —CN,        C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), 4-6        membered heterocyclyl or —C(O)R_(c), and R_(c) is chosen from        hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl or —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl);    -   R₂₄ is chosen from hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆        alkyl), or —C(O)NR_(b)′R_(b)″, wherein R_(b)′ and R_(b)″        together with the N atoms to which they are attached form 4-6        membered heterocyclyl; preferably, R₅ is

-   -   A₁, A₂ and A₃ are each independently CH or N; and R₁₃ is chosen        from:        -   1) hydrogen;        -   2) C₁₋₆ alkyl;        -   3) C₁₋₆ alkoxy;        -   4) halogen;        -   5) C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl;        -   6) 3-12 membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with            one or more substituents chosen from oxo, —CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl,            C₁₋₆ alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-CN, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl),            4-6 membered heterocyclyl and deuterated 4-6 membered            heterocyclyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl is optionally            substituted with one or more —OH;        -   7) phenyl optionally substituted with one or more            substituents chosen from 4-6 membered heterocyclyl;        -   8) —NR_(a)′R_(a)″, wherein R_(a)′ and R_(a)″ are each            independently chosen from hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₆            alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl) and 4-6 membered heterocyclyl, wherein            the 4-6 membered heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with            —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, the C₁₋₆ alkyl is optionally substituted            with one or more —NR_(e)′R_(e)″, and R_(e)′ and R_(e)″ are            each independently chosen from hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₆            alkyl)-OH and 4-6 membered heterocyclyl; and        -   9) —C(O)NR_(b)′R_(b)″, wherein R_(b)′ and R_(b)″ together            with the N atoms to which they are attached form 4-6            membered heterocyclyl, wherein the 4-6 membered heterocyclyl            is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₆ alkyl;        -   provided that if R₁ and R₂ together with the carbon atoms to            which they are attached form the following structures:

and Cy is

then the 3-12 membered heterocyclyl, when substituted, is notpiperazin-1-yl substituted with C₁₋₆ alkyl at both 2- and 6-positions.

-   Embodiment 14. The compound of embodiment 13, or a pharmaceutically    acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic mixture, an    enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    -   wherein R₁₃ is 3-12 membered heterocyclyl, preferably

-   -   -   provided that if R₁ and R₂ together with the carbon atoms to            which they are attached form the following structures:

then the 3-12 membered heterocyclyl, when substituted, is notpiperazin-1-yl substituted with C₁₋₆ alkyl at both 2- and 6-positions.

-   Embodiment 15. The compound of embodiment 13, or a pharmaceutically    acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic mixture, an    enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof, wherein R₁₃ is    piperazinyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents    chosen from C₁₋₆ alkyl and 4-5 membered heterocyclyl;    -   provided that if R₁ and R₂ together with the carbon atoms to        which they are attached form the following structures:

then the piperazinyl, when substituted, is not piperazin-1-ylsubstituted with C₁₋₆ alkyl at both 2- and 6-positions.

-   Embodiment 16. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-13, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein R₅ is chosen from

-   -   wherein R₂₄, R₂₄′, R₂₅, R₂₅′, R₂₇ and R₂₇′ are each        independently chosen from hydrogen, oxo and C₁₋₆ alkyl;    -   R₂₆ is C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl) or        tetrahydrofuranyl;    -   R₂₈ is C₁₋₆ alkoxy; R₂₉ is hydrogen or —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH;    -   R₃₀ is C₁₋₆ alkyl;    -   A₁, A₂ and A₃ are each independently CH or N;    -   preferably, both A₁ and A₂ are CH, or one of A₁ and A₂ is N, and        the other is CH;    -   and more preferably, both A₁ and A₂ are CH.

-   Embodiment 17. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-16, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein R₅ is

wherein A₁, A₂ and A₃ are each independently CH or N, and R₂₄ and R₂₄′are each independently chosen from hydrogen, oxo and C₁₋₆ alkyl;

-   -   and preferably, when R₂₄ is C₁₋₆ alkyl (such as C₁₋₃ alkyl, more        preferably methyl), R₅ is preferably

wherein A₁, A₂ and A₃ are each independently CH or N, and R₂₄′ is C₁₋₆alkyl (such as C₁₋₃ alkyl, more preferably methyl), and more preferably

-   Embodiment 18. The compound of embodiments 16 or 17, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein R₂₄ and R₂₄′ are each independently chosen from hydrogen and    C₁₋₆ alkyl.-   Embodiment 19. The compound of any one of embodiments 13-18, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein A₁, A₂ and A₃ are all CH, or A₁ is N and both A₂ and A₃ are    CH, or A₃ is N and both A₁ and A₂ are CH.-   Embodiment 20. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-13, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein R₅ is chosen from:

-   -   wherein R₂₁ is C₁₋₆ alkyl; R₂₂ is chosen from hydrogen, C₁₋₆        alkyl and 4 membered heterocyclyl; A₁ and A₂ are respectively        CH; and R₂₄ and R₂₄′ are each independently chosen from hydrogen        and C₁₋₆ alkyl.

-   Embodiment 21. The compound of any one of embodiments 4-20, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein

wherein R₁₁ is C₁₋₆ alkyl or C₁₋₆ deuteroalkyl;

-   -   preferably, R₁₁ is C₁₋₃ alkyl, preferably methyl or ethyl, and        more preferably methyl; and preferably, R₁₁ is C₁₋₃        deuteroalkyl, preferably trideuteromethyl.

-   Embodiment 22. The compound of any one of embodiments 4-21, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein both X₁ and X₂ are CH, or one of X₁ and X₂ is N, and the    other is CH; Y₂ is CH; R₃ is hydrogen; R₄ is —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-OH; U is    CH, V is N or CH, and R₁ is C₁₋₃ alkyl; R₅ is chosen from

wherein R₂₄ and R₂₄′ are each independently chosen from hydrogen, oxoand C₁₋₆ alkyl, both A₁ and A₂ are CH, or A₁ is N and A₂ is CH; R₆ isC₁₋₆ alkyl; and m is 0 or 2.

-   Embodiment 23. The compound of any one of embodiments 4-22, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein both U and V are CH, and R₁₁ is methyl.-   Embodiment 24. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-23, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein R₆ is C₁₋₃ alkyl; and m is 2.-   Embodiment 25. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-24, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein R₆ is C₁₋₃ alkyl; and m is 1.-   Embodiment 26. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-24, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein R₆ is C₁₋₆ alkyl or hydroxyl; and m is 3.-   Embodiment 27. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-26, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein R₆ together with the five-membered ring to which they are    attached forms

-   Embodiment 28. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-27, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein 3-12 membered heterocyclyl is chosen from oxetanyl,    azetidinyl, tetrahydropyranyl, morpholinyl, piperazinyl,    tetrahydropyridyl, azaoxaspiro[5.3]nonyl, diazabicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl,    diazaspiro[5.2]octyl, diazaoxabicyclo[4.4.0]decyl,    azaoxaspiro[5.4]decyl and diazabicyclo[3.1.1]heptyl,    -   provided that if R₁ and R₂ together with the carbon atoms to        which they are attached form the following structures:

then the 3-12 membered heterocyclyl, when substituted, is notpiperazin-1-yl substituted with C₁₋₆ alkyl at both 2- and 6-positions;

-   -   preferably, 3-12 membered heterocyclyl is chosen from:

-   -   provided that if R₁ and R₂ together with the carbon atoms to        which they are attached form the following structures:

then the 3-12 membered heterocyclyl, when substituted, is notpiperazin-1-yl substituted with C₁₋₆ alkyl at both 2- and 6-positions.

-   Embodiment 29. The compound of embodiment 4, or a pharmaceutically    acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic mixture, an    enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof, wherein both X₁    and X₂ are CH; Y₂ is CH; R₃ is hydrogen; R₄ is —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-OH;    both U and V are CH, and R₁₁ is methyl; R₅ is chosen from

wherein R₂₄ is C₁₋₃ alkyl, and both A₁ and A₂ are CH; and R₆ togetherwith the five-membered ring to which they are attached forms

-   Embodiment 30. The compound of embodiment 1, or a pharmaceutically    acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic mixture, an    enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof, wherein the    compound is a compound of formula (IB)

-   Embodiment 31. The compound of embodiment 30, or a pharmaceutically    acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic mixture, an    enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof, wherein the    compound is a compound of formula (IV):

-   -   wherein        -   X₁ and X₂ are each independently CH or N; or, X₁ is N, X₂ is            CR₁₄, wherein R₁₄ is chosen from C₁₋₆ alkyl;        -   Y₂ is CH or N;        -   R₃ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen or C₁₋₆ haloalkyl;        -   R₄ is hydrogen, halogen, —CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-OH,            —(C₁₋₃ deuteroalkyl)-OH, —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₃ alkyl),            —O—(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —CHO, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NHCH₃, —C(O)N(CH₃)₂ or            3-hydroxyl-oxetan-3-yl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl is optionally            substituted with one or more halo;        -   U and V are each independently chosen from N or CH;        -   Z is N or CH;        -   R₅ is hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, —C(O)—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —C(O)—(C₃₋₆            cycloalkyl), —C(O)-phenyl, —C(O)NH—(C₁₋₆ alkyl),            —C(O)NH—(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), —C(O)N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂, phenyl, 5-6            membered monocyclic heteroaryl or 8-10 membered bicyclic            heteroaryl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl,            5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl or 8-10 membered bicyclic            heteroaryl is each optionally substituted with one or more            groups chosen from:            -   1) halogen;            -   2) oxo;            -   3) —CN;            -   4) C₁₋₆ alkyl;            -   5) C₂₋₆ alkenyl;            -   6) C₂₋₆ alkynyl;            -   7) C₁₋₆ alkoxy;            -   8) C₁₋₆ haloalkyl;            -   9) —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH;            -   10) —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl);            -   11) C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl;            -   12) 3-12 membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted                with one or more substituents chosen from halogen,                hydroxyl, oxo, —CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₃₋₆                cycloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-CN,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, 4-6                membered heterocyclyl, 4-6 membered fluoroheterocyclyl                and deuterated 4-6 membered heterocyclyl, wherein the                C₁₋₆ alkyl is optionally substituted with one or more                —OH;            -   13) 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl optionally                substituted with one or more substituents chosen from                halogen, —CN, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-CN, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, C₁₋₆                alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH₂, —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl) and 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl;            -   14) phenyl optionally substituted with one or more                substituents chosen from halogen, —CN, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-CN,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆                alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH₂,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-N(C₁₋₆                alkyl)₂, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl) and 4-6                membered heterocyclyl;            -   15) —NR_(a)′R_(a)″, wherein R_(a)′ and R_(a)″ are each                independently chosen from hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆                cycloalkyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl) and 4-6                membered heterocyclyl, wherein the 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more                substituents of —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, the C₁₋₆ alkyl is                optionally substituted with one or more —NR_(e)′R_(e)″,                and R_(e)′ and R_(e)″ are each independently chosen from                hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH and 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl;            -   16) —C(O)NR_(b)′R_(b)″, wherein R_(b)′ and R_(b)″                together with the N atoms to which they are attached                form 4-6 membered heterocyclyl, wherein the 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more                substituents chosen from halogen, —OH, C₁₋₆ alkyl,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH₂, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl)                and —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH; and            -   17) —C(O)R_(c), wherein R_(c) is chosen from hydrogen,                C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl and —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl);        -   R₆ is halogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl or hydroxyl;        -   m is 0, 1, 2 or 3; and        -   R₁₁ is hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl or C₁₋₆ deuteroalkyl;        -   preferably, both X₁ and X₂ are CH, or one of X₁ and X₂ is N,            and the other is CH;        -   preferably, both X₁ and X₂ are CH;        -   preferably, Y₂ is CH;        -   preferably, R₃ is hydrogen or halogen;        -   preferably, R₄ is C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-OH, —(C₁₋₃            deuteroalkyl)-OH, —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₃ alkyl) or —CHO,            wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl is optionally substituted with one or            more halogen; more preferably R₄ is —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-OH;        -   preferably, R₄ is C₁₋₆ alkyl or —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₃            alkyl), wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl is substituted with one or            more halo;        -   preferably, R₄ is hydroxymethyl, hydroxy deuteromethyl,            hydroxyethyl, methoxymethyl or fluoromethyl; more            preferably, R₄ is hydroxymethyl;        -   preferably, R₃ is hydrogen, and R₄ is —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-OH;        -   preferably,

-   -   -    wherein R₁₁ is C₁₋₆ alkyl or C₁₋₆ deuteroalkyl;        -   preferably, Z is CH;        -   preferably, U is CH, and V is N or CH; more preferably, both            U and V are CH;        -   preferably, both U and V are CH, and R₁₁ is methyl;        -   preferably, R₁₁ is C₁₋₃ alkyl, preferably methyl or ethyl,            and more preferably methyl;        -   preferably, R₁₁ is C₁₋₃ deuteroalkyl, preferably            trideuteromethyl;        -   preferably, R₆ is halogen;        -   preferably, R₆ is C₁₋₃ alkyl;        -   preferably, m is 0 or 1;        -   preferably, 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl is 6 membered            monocyclic heteroaryl, more preferably pyridyl, pyrazinyl            and pyrimidyl;        -   preferably, 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl is 5 membered            monocyclic heteroaryl, more preferably triazolyl;        -   preferably, 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroaryl is 9 membered            bicyclic heteroaryl, more preferably            4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazinyl; and/or        -   and preferably, 3-12 membered heterocyclyl is 4-6 membered            heterocyclyl, more preferably oxetanyl, azetidinyl,            tetrahydropyranyl, morpholinyl, piperazinyl or            tetrahydropyridyl.

-   Embodiment 32. The compound of any one of embodiments 30-31, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein Y₂ is CH.

-   Embodiment 33. The compound of any one of embodiments 30-32, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein R₅ is hydrogen, —C(O)—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —C(O)—(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl),    —C(O)— phenyl, —C(O)NH—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —C(O)NH—(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl) or    —C(O)N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂.

-   Embodiment 34. The compound of any one of embodiments 30-32, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein R₅ is 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl or 8-10 membered    bicyclic heteroaryl, wherein the 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl    or 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroaryl is each optionally substituted    with one or more groups chosen from:    -   C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl;    -   3-12 membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or        more C₁₋₆ alkyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl is substituted with one        or more —OH; and    -   —NR_(a)′R_(a)″, wherein R_(a)′ and R_(a)″ are each independently        chosen from hydrogen and C₁₋₆ alkyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl is        optionally substituted with —NR_(e)′R_(e)″, and R_(e)′ and        R_(e)″ are each independently chosen from C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₆        alkyl)-OH and 4-6 membered heterocyclyl.

-   Embodiment 35. The compound of any one of embodiments 30-34, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein R₅ is chosen from:

-   -   wherein    -   R₂₁ is chosen from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl and —(C₁₋₆        alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl);    -   n is 0, 1 or 2;    -   R₂₂ and R₂₃ are each independently chosen from hydrogen, —CN,        C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), 4-6        membered heterocyclyl or —C(O)R_(c), and R_(c) is chosen from        hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl or —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl);    -   R₂₄ is chosen from hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆        alkyl), or —C(O)NR_(b)′R_(b)″, wherein R_(b)′ and R_(b)″        together with the N atoms to which they are attached form 4-6        membered heterocyclyl;    -   A₁, A₂ and A₃ are each independently CH or N; and    -   R₁₃ is chosen from:    -   1) hydrogen;    -   2) C₁₋₆ alkyl;    -   3) C₁₋₆ alkoxy;    -   4) halogen;    -   5) C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl;    -   6) 4-8 membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or        more substituents chosen from oxo, —CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy,        —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-CN, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), 4-6 membered        heterocyclyl and deuterated 4-6 membered heterocyclyl, wherein        the C₁₋₆ alkyl is optionally substituted with one or more —OH;    -   7) phenyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents        chosen from 4-6 membered heterocyclyl;    -   8) —NR_(a)′R_(a)″, wherein R_(a)′ and R_(a)″ are each        independently chosen from hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₆        alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl) and 4-6 membered heterocyclyl, wherein the        4-6 membered heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or        more —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, the C₁₋₆ alkyl is optionally substituted        with one or more —NR_(e)′R_(e)″, and R_(e)′ and R_(e)″ are each        independently chosen from hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH        and 4-6 membered heterocyclyl; and    -   9) —C(O)NR_(b)′R_(b)″, wherein R_(b)′ and R_(b)″ together with        the N atoms to which they are attached form 4-6 membered        heterocyclyl, wherein the 4-6 membered heterocyclyl is        optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₆ alkyl;    -   preferably, R₅ is

wherein A₁ and A₂ are each independently CH or N, and R₁₃ is 4-6membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or moresubstituents chosen from oxo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl) and 4-6 membered heterocyclyl;

-   -   preferably, R₅ is

wherein A₁ and A₂ are each independently CH or N;R_(a)′ and R_(a)″together with the N atoms to which they are attached form 4-6 memberedheterocyclyl, wherein the 4-6 membered heterocyclyl is optionallysubstituted with one or more substituents chosen from oxo, C₁₋₆ alkyl,C₁₋₆ alkoxy and 4-6 membered heterocyclyl;

-   -   preferably, R₅ is

wherein R₂₂ is chosen from hydrogen, —CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl,—(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), 4-6 membered heterocyclyl or —C(O)R_(c),and R_(c) is chosen from hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl or —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆alkyl);

-   -   preferably, R₁₃ is piperazinyl optionally substituted with one        or more substituents chosen from C₁₋₆ alkyl and 4-5 membered        heterocyclyl;    -   preferably, R₅ is chosen from:

-   -   -   wherein R₂₄, R₂₄′, R₂₅, R₂₅′, R₂₇ and R₂₇′ are each            independently chosen from hydrogen, oxo and C₁₋₆ alkyl;        -   R₂₆ is C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl) or            tetrahydrofuranyl;        -   R₂₈ is C₁₋₆ alkoxy; R₂₉ is hydrogen or —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH;        -   R₃₀ is C₁₋₆ alkyl; and        -   A₁, A₂ and A₃ are each independently CH or N;        -   preferably, R₅ is

-   -   -    wherein A₁, A₂ and A₃ are each independently CH or N, and            R₂₄ and R₂₄′ are each independently chosen from hydrogen,            oxo and C₁₋₆ alkyl; preferably, when R₂₄ is C₁₋₆ alkyl (such            as C₁₋₃ alkyl, more preferably methyl), R₅ is preferably

-   -   -    wherein A₁, A₂ and A₃ are each independently CH or N, and            R₂₄′ is C₁₋₆ alkyl (such as C₁₋₃ alkyl, more preferably            methyl), and more preferably

-   -   -   preferably, R₂₄ and R₂₄′ are each independently chosen from            hydrogen and C₁₋₆ alkyl;        -   preferably, A₁, A₂ and A₃ are all CH, or A₁ is N and both A₂            and A₃ are CH, or A₃ is N        -   and both A₁ and A₂ are CH;        -   and preferably, A₁, A₂ and A₃ are all CH.

-   Embodiment 36. The compound of any one of embodiments 30-35, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein    -   both X₁ and X₂ are CH, or one of X₁ and X₂ is N, and the other        is CH;    -   Y₂ is CH;    -   R₃ is hydrogen;    -   R₄ is —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-OH;    -   Z is CH;    -   U is CH, and V is N or CH;    -   R₅ is

wherein A₁ and A₂ are each independently CH or N, and R₁₃ is 4-6membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or moresubstituents chosen from oxo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl) and 4-6 membered heterocyclyl; R₂₂ is chosen fromhydrogen, —CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl),4-6 membered heterocyclyl or —C(O)R_(c), and R_(c) is chosen fromhydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl or —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl);

-   -   R₆ is hydrogen or halogen;    -   m is 0, 1 or 2; and    -   R₁ is C₁₋₃ alkyl;    -   preferably, R₅ is chosen from

wherein R₂₄ and R₂₄′ are each independently chosen from hydrogen, oxoand C₁₋₆ alkyl, both A₁ and A₂ are CH, or A₁ is N and A₂ is CH;

-   -   and more preferably, both A₁ and A₂ are CH.

-   Embodiment 37. The compound of embodiment 1, or a pharmaceutically    acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic mixture, an    enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof, which is chosen    from:

No. Structural formula  1

 2

 3

 4

 5

 6

 7

 8

 9

 10

 11

 12

 13

 14

 15

 16

 17

 18

 19

 20

 21

 22

 23

 24

 25

 26

 27

 28

 29

 30

 31

 32

 33

 34

 35

 36

 37

 38

 39

 40

 41

 42

 43

 44

 45

 46

 47

 48

 49

 50

 51

 52

 53

 54

 55

 56

 57

 58

 59

 60

 61

 62

 63

 64

 65

 66

 67

 68

 69

 70

 71

 72

 73

 74

 75

 76

 77

 78

 79

 80

 81

 82

 83

 84

 85

 86

 87

 88

 89

 90

 91

 92

 93

 94

 95

 96

 97

 98

 99

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

114

115

116 & 117

118

119 & 120

121

122

123

124

125

126

127

130

131

132

133

134

135

136 & 137

138

139

140

141

142

143

144

145

146

147

148

149

150

151

152

153

154

155

156

157

158

159

160

161

162

163

164

165

166

167

168

169

170

171

172

173

174

175

176

177

178

179

180

181

182

183

184

185

186

187

188

189

190

191

192

193

194

195

196

197

198 & 199

200

201

202

203

204

205

206

207

208

209

210

211

212

213

214

215

216

217

218

219

220

221

222

223

224

225

226

227

228

229

230

231

232

233

234

235

236

-   Embodiment 38. A pharmaceutical composition, comprising the compound    of any one of embodiments 1-37 and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable    salt thereof, and optionally comprising a pharmaceutically    acceptable excipient.-   Embodiment 39. A method of in vivo or in vitro inhibiting the    activity of BTK, comprising contacting BTK with an effective amount    of the compound of any one of embodiments 1-37, and/or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.-   Embodiment 40. Use of the compound of any one of embodiments 1-37    and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in the manufacture    of a medicament for treating or preventing a disease mediated by BTK    or at least in part by BTK, preferably for treating or preventing    cancer, an inflammatory disease or autoimmune disease, wherein the    cancer is preferably solid tumor or hematologic malignancy,    including lymphoma, leukemia and myeloma; the cancer is more    preferably chosen from B cell malignancy, diffuse large B-cell    lymphoma (DLBCL), large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL), B-cell lymphoma,    mantle cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma,    Hodgkin's lymphoma, Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, marginal zone    lymphoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, non-Burkitt's highly degree B cell    malignant lymphoma, extranodal marginal-zone B-cell lymphoma, small    lymphotic lymphoma (SLL), lymphoblastic lymphoma, lymphocytic    leukemia, myelogenous leukemia, acute myelogenous leukemia (AML),    chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), human acute monocytic leukemia,    acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), B cell acute lymphocytic leukemia    (B-ALL), hairy cell leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)    (such as high risk CLL), myelodysplastic syndrome, acute    lymphoblastic leukemia, myeloma (such as multiple myeloma) or graft    versus host disease; and the inflammatory disease or autoimmune    disease is preferably chosen from: systemic inflammation and local    inflammation, arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammation    associated with immunosuppression, organ-graft refection, allergic    disease, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, dermatitis, asthma,    lupus erythematosus, Sjogren syndrome, multiple sclerosis,    scleroderma (also referred to as systemic sclerosis), multiple    sclerosis osteoporosis, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura,    autoimmune hemolytic anemia, antineutrophil cytoplasmatic antibody    vasculitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, psoriasis, sicca    syndrome, pemphigus valgaris, diseases associated with kidney    transplantation.-   Embodiment 41. A method of treating or preventing a disease in a    subject, comprising administering to the subject in need thereof an    effective amount of the compound of any one of embodiments 1-37,    and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the    disease is a disease mediated by BTK or at least in part by BTK; the    disease is preferably cancer, an inflammatory disease or autoimmune    disease; the cancer is preferably solid tumor or hematologic    malignancy, including lymphoma, leukemia and myeloma; the cancer is    more preferably chosen from B cell malignancy, diffuse large B-cell    lymphoma (DLBCL), large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL), B-cell lymphoma,    mantle cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma,    Hodgkin's lymphoma, Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, marginal zone    lymphoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, non-Burkitt's highly degree B cell    malignant lymphoma, extranodal marginal-zone B-cell lymphoma, small    lymphotic lymphoma (SLL), lymphoblastic lymphoma, lymphocytic    leukemia, myelogenous leukemia, acute myelogenous leukemia (AML),    chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), human acute monocytic leukemia,    acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), B cell acute lymphocytic leukemia    (B-ALL), hairy cell leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)    (such as high risk CLL), myelodysplastic syndrome, acute    lymphoblastic leukemia, myeloma (such as multiple myeloma) or graft    versus host disease; and the inflammatory disease or autoimmune    disease is preferably chosen from: systemic inflammation and local    inflammation, arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammation    associated with immunosuppression, organ-graft refection, allergic    disease, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, dermatitis, asthma,    lupus erythematosus, Sjogren syndrome, multiple sclerosis,    scleroderma, multiple sclerosis osteoporosis, idiopathic    thrombocytopenic purpura, autoimmune hemolytic anemia,    antineutrophil cytoplasmatic antibody vasculitis, chronic    obstructive pulmonary disease, psoriasis, sicca syndrome, pemphigus    valgaris, and diseases associated with kidney transplantation.-   Embodiment 42. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-37 and/or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use as a medicament.-   Embodiment 43. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-37 and/or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in treating or    preventing a disease mediated by BTK or at least in part by BTK, and    preferably for use in treating or preventing cancer, an inflammatory    disease or autoimmune disease, wherein the cancer is preferably    solid tumor or hematologic malignancy, including lymphoma, leukemia    and myeloma; the cancer is more preferably chosen from B cell    malignancy, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), large B-cell    lymphoma (LBCL), B-cell lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, follicular    lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, Waldenstrom    macroglobulinemia, marginal zone lymphoma, Burkitt's lymphoma,    non-Burkitt's highly degree B cell malignant lymphoma, extranodal    marginal-zone B-cell lymphoma, small lymphotic lymphoma (SLL),    lymphoblastic lymphoma, lymphocytic leukemia, myelogenous leukemia,    acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), chronic myelogenous leukemia    (CML), human acute monocytic leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia    (ALL), B cell acute lymphocytic leukemia (B-ALL), hairy cell    leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (such as high risk    CLL), myelodysplastic syndrome, acute lymphoblastic leukemia,    myeloma (such as multiple myeloma) or graft versus host disease; and    the inflammatory disease or autoimmune disease is preferably chosen    from: systemic inflammation and local inflammation, arthritis,    rheumatoid arthritis, inflammation associated with    immunosuppression, organ-graft refection, allergic disease,    ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, dermatitis, asthma, lupus    erythematosus, Sjogren syndrome, multiple sclerosis, scleroderma,    multiple sclerosis osteoporosis, idiopathic thrombocytopenic    purpura, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, antineutrophil cytoplasmatic    antibody vasculitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,    psoriasis, sicca syndrome, pemphigus valgaris, and diseases    associated with kidney transplantation.-   Embodiment 44. A pharmaceutical combination, comprising the compound    of any one of embodiments 1-37 and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable    salt thereof, and at least one additional therapeutic agent, wherein    the therapeutic agent is preferably chosen from: an    anti-inflammatory agent, an immunomodulator or an anti-tumor active    agent, wherein the anti-tumor active agent includes a    chemotherapeutic agent, an immune checkpoint inhibitor or agonist,    and a targeted therapeutic agent.-   Embodiment 45. A compound of formula (VI):

-   -   or a solvate, a racemic mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer        and a tautomer thereof, wherein        -   X₁, X₂, X₃, X₄, R₁, R₂ and R₃ are as defined in any one of            embodiments 1-34;        -   R_(31′) is —CHO, —C₁₋₃ alkyl-OH, —C₁₋₃ alkyl-OAc, C₁₋₃            alkyl, —C(O)—C₁₋₃ alkyl or C₁₋₃ haloalkyl, and        -   R₃₂ is halogen, —B(OH)₂, —B(OC₁₋₆ alkyl)₂,

and R_(d) is hydrogen or C₁₋₆ alkyl.

-   Embodiment 46. The compound of embodiment 45, which is

wherein Z is N or CR₇; R₇ and R₈ are each independently hydrogen orhalogen; R₉ is halogen or C₁₋₆ alkyl; and n is 1 or 2.

-   Embodiment 47. The compound of embodiment 45, which is chosen from:

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS (II)

-   Embodiment 1. A compound of formula (I):

-   -   or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a        racemic mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer        thereof, wherein        -   X₁ and X₂ are each independently CH or N; X₃ and X₄ are each            independently C or N;        -   Y₁ and Y₂ are each independently CR₁₀ or N;        -   R₁ and R₂ are each independently chosen from hydrogen,            deuterium, halogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆            haloalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl and phenyl; or R₁ and R₂ together            with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form the            following structures:

-   -   wherein R₆ is independently chosen from deuterium, halogen, C₁₋₆        alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ deuteroalkyl and C₁₋₆ haloalkyl; or        two R₆ together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached        form 3-6 membered cycloalkyl; m is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; p is 1, 2, 3        or 4; Z is N or CR₇; R₇ is chosen from hydrogen, deuterium, C₁₋₆        alkyl, halogen and C₁₋₆ haloalkyl;        -   R₃ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen or C₁₋₆ haloalkyl;        -   R₄ is hydrogen, halogen, —CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl,            —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-OH, —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —O—(C₁₋₃            alkyl), —CHO, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NHCH₃, —C(O)N(CH₃)₂ or            3-hydroxyl-oxetan-3-yl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl or C₁₋₃ alkyl            is each optionally substituted with one or more deuterium or            halo;        -   Cy is

-   -   -    wherein R₁₁ is chosen from hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl and C₃₋₆            cycloalkyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl is optionally substituted            with one or more deuterium or halo;        -   U, V and W are each independently N or CR₁₂; R₁₂ is            hydrogen, deuterium or halogen;        -   R₅ is hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, —C(O)—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —C(O)—(C₃₋₆            cycloalkyl), —C(O)NH—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —C(O)NH—(C₃₋₆            cycloalkyl), —C(O)N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂, phenyl, 5-6 membered            monocyclic heteroaryl or 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroaryl,            wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, 5-6            membered monocyclic heteroaryl or 8-10 membered bicyclic            heteroaryl is each optionally substituted with one or more            groups chosen from:            -   1) halogen;            -   2) oxo;            -   3) —CN;            -   4) C₁₋₆ alkyl;            -   5) C₂₋₆ alkenyl;            -   6) C₂₋₆ alkynyl;            -   7) C₁₋₆ alkoxy;            -   8) C₁₋₆ haloalkyl;            -   9) —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH;            -   10) —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl);            -   11) 4-8 membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted                with one or more groups chosen from: deuterium, halogen,                hydroxyl, oxo, —CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₃₋₆                cycloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-CN,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH and 4-6                membered heterocyclyl, wherein the C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆                cycloalkyl or 4-6 membered heterocyclyl is each                optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen                from: deuterium, halogen, —NH₂, —NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —N(C₁₋₆                alkyl)₂ and —NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl);            -   12) 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl optionally                substituted with one or more groups chosen from:                halogen, —CN, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-CN, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, C₁₋₆                alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH₂, —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl) and 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl;            -   13) phenyl optionally substituted with one or more                groups chosen from: halogen, —CN, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-CN,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆                alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH₂,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-N—(C₁₋₆                alkyl)₂, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl) and 4-6                membered heterocyclyl;            -   14) —NR_(a)′R_(a)″, wherein R_(a)′ and R_(a)″ are each                independently chosen from hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆                cycloalkyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl) and 4-6                membered heterocyclyl, wherein the 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more                substituents of —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH;            -   15) —C(O)NR_(b)′R_(b)″, wherein R_(b)′ and R_(b)″                together with the N atoms to which they are attached                form 4-6 membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted                with one or more groups chosen from: deuterium, halogen,                —OH, C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH₂, —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), —NH₂, —NH(C₁₋₆                alkyl), —N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂, —NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl) and —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-OH; and            -   16) —C(O)R_(c), wherein R_(c) is chosen from hydrogen,                C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH                and —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl);        -   R₁₀ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl or C₁₋₆            haloalkyl.

-   Embodiment 2. The compound of embodiment 1, or a pharmaceutically    acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic mixture, an    enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof, wherein the    compound is a compound of formula (IA):

-   Embodiment 3. The compound of embodiment 2, or a pharmaceutically    acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic mixture, an    enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof, wherein the    compound is a compound of formula (II):

-   -   wherein        -   X₁ and X₂ are each independently CH or N;        -   Y₂ is CH or N;        -   R₃ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen or C₁₋₆ haloalkyl;        -   R₄ is hydrogen, halogen, —CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-OH,            —(C₁₋₃ deuteroalkyl)-OH, —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₃ alkyl),            —O—(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —CHO, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NHCH₃, —C(O)N(CH₃)₂ or            3-hydroxyl-oxetan-3-yl;        -   W is N or CR₁₂, and R₁₂ is hydrogen or halogen;        -   R₅ is C₁₋₆ alkyl, phenyl, 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl            or 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroaryl, each of which is            optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen from:            -   1) halogen;            -   2) oxo;            -   3) —CN;            -   4) C₁₋₆ alkyl;            -   5) C₂₋₆ alkenyl;            -   6) C₂₋₆ alkynyl;            -   7) C₁₋₆ alkoxy;            -   8) C₁₋₆ haloalkyl;            -   9) —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH;            -   10) —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl);            -   11) 4-8 membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted                with one or more substituents chosen from halogen,                hydroxyl, oxo, —CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₃₋₆                cycloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-CN,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, 4-6                membered heterocyclyl and 4-6 membered                fluoroheterocyclyl;            -   12) 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl optionally                substituted with one or more substituents chosen from                halogen, —CN, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-CN, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, C₁₋₆                alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH₂, —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl) and 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl;            -   13) phenyl optionally substituted with one or more                substituents chosen from halogen, —CN, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-CN,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆                alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH₂,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-N(C₁₋₆                alkyl)₂, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl) and 4-6                membered heterocyclyl;            -   14) —NR_(a)′R_(a)″, wherein R_(a)′ and R_(a)″ are each                independently chosen from hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆                cycloalkyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl) and 4-6                membered heterocyclyl, wherein the 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more                substituents of —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH;            -   15) —C(O)NR_(b)′R_(b)″, wherein R_(b)′ and R_(b)″                together with the N atoms to which they are attached                form 4-6 membered heterocyclyl, wherein the 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more                substituents chosen from halogen, —OH, C₁₋₆ alkyl,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH₂, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl)                and —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH; and            -   16) —C(O)R_(c), wherein R_(c) is chosen from hydrogen,                C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl and —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl);        -   R₆ is halogen or C₁₋₆ alkyl; and        -   m is 0, 1 or 2;        -   preferably, W is N or CR₁₂, and R₁₂ is halogen;        -   preferably, R₅ is 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl or 8-10            membered bicyclic heteroaryl optionally substituted with one            or more groups chosen from:            -   1) C₁₋₆ alkyl; and            -   2) 4-6 membered heterocycloalkyl, which is optionally                substituted with C₁₋₆ alkyl and 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl;        -   preferably, 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl is 5 membered            monocyclic heteroaryl, more preferably triazolyl;        -   preferably, 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroaryl is 8 membered            bicyclic heteroaryl, more preferably            4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazinyl.

-   Embodiment 4. The compound of embodiment 2, or a pharmaceutically    acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic mixture, an    enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof, wherein the    compound is a compound of formula (III):

-   -   wherein        -   X₁ and X₂ are each independently CH or N;        -   Y₂ is CH or N;        -   R₃ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen or C₁₋₆ haloalkyl;        -   R₄ is hydrogen, halogen, —CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-OH,            —(C₁₋₃ deuteroalkyl)-OH, —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₃ alkyl),            —O—(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —CHO, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NHCH₃, —C(O)N(CH₃)₂ or            3-hydroxyl-oxetan-3-yl;        -   U and V are each independently chosen from N or CH;        -   R₅ is C₁₋₆ alkyl, phenyl, 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl            or 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroaryl, each of which is            optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen from:            -   1) halogen;            -   2) oxo;            -   3) —CN;            -   4) C₁₋₆ alkyl;            -   5) C₂₋₆ alkenyl;            -   6) C₂₋₆ alkynyl;            -   7) C₁₋₆ alkoxy;            -   8) C₁₋₆ haloalkyl;            -   9) —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH;            -   10) —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl);            -   11) 4-8 membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted                with one or more substituents chosen from halogen,                hydroxyl, oxo, —CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₃₋₆                cycloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-CN,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, 4-6                membered heterocyclyl and 4-6 membered                fluoroheterocyclyl;            -   12) 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl optionally                substituted with one or more substituents chosen from                halogen, —CN, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-CN, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, C₁₋₆                alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH₂, —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl) and 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl;            -   13) phenyl optionally substituted with one or more                substituents chosen from halogen, —CN, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-CN,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆                alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH₂,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-N(C₁₋₆                alkyl)₂, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl) and 4-6                membered heterocyclyl;            -   14) —NR_(a)′R_(a)″, wherein R_(a)′ and R_(a)″ are each                independently chosen from hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆                cycloalkyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl) and 4-6                membered heterocyclyl, wherein the 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more                substituents of —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH;            -   15) —C(O)NR_(b)′R_(b)″, wherein R_(b)′ and R_(b)″                together with the N atoms to which they are attached                form 4-6 membered heterocyclyl, wherein the 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more                substituents chosen from halogen, —OH, C₁₋₆ alkyl,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH₂, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl)                and —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH; and            -   16) —C(O)R_(c), wherein R_(c) is chosen from hydrogen,                C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl and —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl);        -   R₆ is halogen or C₁₋₆ alkyl;        -   m is 0, 1 or 2; and        -   R₁₁ is hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl or C₁₋₆ deuteroalkyl;        -   preferably, U is CH, and V is N or CH; more preferably, both            U and V are CH;        -   preferably, R₁₁ is C₁₋₃ alkyl, preferably methyl or ethyl,            and more preferably methyl;        -   preferably, 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl is 6 membered            monocyclic heteroaryl, more preferably pyridyl, pyrazinyl            and pyrimidyl;        -   preferably, 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl is 5 membered            monocyclic heteroaryl, more preferably triazolyl;        -   preferably, 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroaryl is 9 membered            bicyclic heteroaryl, more preferably            4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazinyl;        -   and preferably, 4-8 membered heterocyclyl is 4-6 membered            heterocyclyl, more preferably oxetanyl, azetidinyl,            tetrahydropyranyl, morpholinyl, piperazinyl or            tetrahydropyridyl.

-   Embodiment 5. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-4, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein both X₁ and X₂ are CH, or one of X₁ and X₂ is N, and the    other is CH;    -   and preferably, both X₁ and X₂ are CH.

-   Embodiment 6. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-5, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein Y₂ is CH.

-   Embodiment 7. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-6, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein R₃ is hydrogen or halogen.

-   Embodiment 8. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-7, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein R₄ is C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-OH, —(C₁₋₃ deuteroalkyl)-OH    or —CHO;    -   and preferably, R₄ is hydroxymethyl or hydroxy deuteromethyl.

-   Embodiment 9. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-8, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein R₃ is hydrogen, and R₄ is —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-OH.

-   Embodiment 10. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-9, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein R₅ is chosen from

-   -   wherein    -   R₂₁ is chosen from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl and —(C₁₋₆        alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl);    -   n is 0, 1 or 2;    -   R₂₂ and R₂₃ are each independently chosen from hydrogen, C₁₋₆        alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), 4-6        membered heterocyclyl or —C(O)R_(c), and R_(c) is chosen from        hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl or —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl);    -   A₁ and A₂ are each independently CH or N; and R₁₃ is chosen        from:        -   1) hydrogen;        -   2) C₁₋₆ alkyl;        -   3) 4-6 membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one            or more substituents chosen from oxo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆            alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl) and 4-6 membered            heterocyclyl;        -   4) phenyl optionally substituted with one or more            substituents chosen from 4-6 membered heterocyclyl;        -   5) —NR_(a)′R_(a)″, wherein R_(a)′ and R_(a)″ are each            independently chosen from hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₆            alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl) and 4-6 membered heterocyclyl, wherein            the 4-6 membered heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with            —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH; and        -   6) —C(O)NR_(b)′R_(b)″, wherein R_(b)′ and R_(b)″ together            with the N atoms to which they are attached form 4-6            membered heterocyclyl, wherein the 4-6 membered heterocyclyl            is optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₆ alkyl;    -   preferably, R₅ is

-   Embodiment 11. The compound of embodiment 10, or a pharmaceutically    acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic mixture, an    enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof, wherein R₁₃ is    piperazinyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents    chosen from C₁₋₆ alkyl and 4-5 membered heterocyclyl.-   Embodiment 12. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-10, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein R₅ is chosen from

-   -   wherein R₂₄, R₂₄′, R₂₅, R₂₅′, R₂₇ and R₂₇′ are each        independently chosen from hydrogen, oxo and C₁₋₆ alkyl;    -   R₂₆ is C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl) or        tetrahydrofuranyl;    -   R₂₈ is C₁₋₆ alkoxy; R₂₉ is hydrogen or —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH;    -   R₃₀ is C₁₋₆ alkyl;    -   A₁ and A₂ are each independently CH or N;    -   preferably, both A₁ and A₂ are CH, or one of A₁ and A₂ is N, and        the other is CH; and more preferably, both A₁ and A₂ are CH.

-   Embodiment 13. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-12, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein R₅ is chosen from

wherein R₂₄ and R₂₄′ are each independently chosen from hydrogen, oxoand C₁₋₆ alkyl;

preferably, when R₂₄ is C₁₋₆ alkyl (such as C₁₋₃ alkyl, more preferablymethyl),

is preferably

wherein R₂₄′ is C₁₋₆ alkyl (such as C₁₋₃ alkyl, more preferably methyl),and more preferably

-   Embodiment 14. The compound of embodiments 12 or 13, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein R₂₄ and R₂₄′ are each independently chosen from hydrogen and    C₁₋₆ alkyl.-   Embodiment 15. The compound of any one of embodiments 10-14, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein both A₁ and A₂ are CH, or A₁ is N and A₂ is CH.-   Embodiment 16. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-10, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein R₅ is chosen from:

-   -   wherein R₂₁ is C₁₋₆ alkyl; R₂₂ is chosen from hydrogen, C₁₋₆        alkyl and 4 membered heterocyclyl; A₁ and A₂ are respectively        CH; and R₂₄ and R₂₄′ are each independently chosen from hydrogen        and C₁₋₆ alkyl.

-   Embodiment 17. The compound of any one of embodiments 4-16, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein

wherein R₁₁ is C₁₋₆ alkyl or C₁₋₆ deuteroalkyl;

-   -   preferably, R₁₁ is C₁₋₃ alkyl, preferably methyl or ethyl, and        more preferably methyl; and preferably, R₁₁ is C₁₋₃        deuteroalkyl, preferably trideuteromethyl.

-   Embodiment 18. The compound of any one of embodiments 4-17, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein both X₁ and X₂ are CH, or one of X₁ and X₂ is N, and the    other is CH; Y₂ is CH; R₃ is hydrogen; R₄ is —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-OH; U is    CH, V is N or CH, and R₁₁ is C₁₋₃ alkyl; R₅ is chosen from

wherein R₂₄ and R₂₄′ are each independently chosen from hydrogen, oxoand C₁₋₆ alkyl, both A₁ and A₂ are CH, or A₁ is N and A₂ is CH; R₆ isC₁₋₆ alkyl; and m is 0 or 2.

-   Embodiment 19. The compound of any one of embodiments 4-18, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein both U and V are CH, and R₁₁ is methyl.-   Embodiment 20. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-19, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein R₆ is C₁₋₃ alkyl; and m is 2.-   Embodiment 21. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-20, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein R₆ together with the five-membered ring to which they are    attached forms

-   Embodiment 22. The compound of embodiment 1, or a pharmaceutically    acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic mixture, an    enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof, wherein the    compound is a compound of formula (IB)

-   Embodiment 23. The compound of embodiment 22, or a pharmaceutically    acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic mixture, an    enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof, wherein the    compound is a compound of formula (IV):

-   -   wherein        -   X₁ and X₂ are each independently CH or N;        -   Y₂ is CH or N;        -   R₃ is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen or C₁₋₆ haloalkyl;        -   R₄ is hydrogen, halogen, —CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-OH,            —(C₁₋₃ deuteroalkyl)-OH, —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₃ alkyl),            —O—(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —CHO, —C(O)NH₂, —C(O)NHCH₃, —C(O)N(CH₃)₂ or            3-hydroxyl-oxetan-3-yl;        -   U and V are each independently chosen from N or CH;        -   Z is N or CH;        -   R₅ is C₁₋₆ alkyl, phenyl, 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl            or 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroaryl, each of which is            optionally substituted with one or more groups chosen from:            -   1) halogen;            -   2) oxo;            -   3) —CN;            -   4) C₁₋₆ alkyl;            -   5) C₂₋₆ alkenyl;            -   6) C₂₋₆ alkynyl;            -   7) C₁₋₆ alkoxy;            -   8) C₁₋₆ haloalkyl;            -   9) —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH;            -   10) —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl);            -   11) 4-8 membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted                with one or more substituents chosen from halogen,                hydroxyl, oxo, —CN, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, C₃₋₆                cycloalkyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-CN,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, 4-6                membered heterocyclyl and 4-6 membered                fluoroheterocyclyl;            -   12) 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl optionally                substituted with one or more substituents chosen from                halogen, —CN, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-CN, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, C₁₋₆                alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH₂, —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl) and 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl;            -   13) phenyl optionally substituted with one or more                substituents chosen from halogen, —CN, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-CN,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, C₁₋₆                alkoxy, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH₂,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-N(C₁₋₆                alkyl)₂, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl) and 4-6                membered heterocyclyl;            -   14) —NR_(a)′R_(a)″, wherein R_(a)′ and R_(a)″ are each                independently chosen from hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₃₋₆                cycloalkyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl) and 4-6                membered heterocyclyl, wherein the 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more                substituents of —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH;            -   15) —C(O)NR_(b)′R_(b)″, wherein R_(b)′ and R_(b)″                together with the N atoms to which they are attached                form 4-6 membered heterocyclyl, wherein the 4-6 membered                heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or more                substituents chosen from halogen, —OH, C₁₋₆ alkyl,                —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH₂, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₁₋₆ alkyl), —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-N(C₁₋₆ alkyl)₂, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-NH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl)                and —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH; and            -   16) —C(O)R_(c), wherein R_(c) is chosen from hydrogen,                C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₂₋₆ alkenyl, C₂₋₆ alkynyl and —(C₁₋₆                alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl);        -   R₆ is halogen or C₁₋₆ alkyl;        -   m is 0, 1 or 2; and        -   R₁₁ is hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl or C₁₋₆ deuteroalkyl;        -   preferably, both X₁ and X₂ are CH, or one of X₁ and X₂ is N,            and the other is CH;        -   preferably, both X₁ and X₂ are CH;        -   preferably, Y₂ is CH;        -   preferably, R₃ is hydrogen or halogen;        -   preferably, R₄ is C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-OH, —(C₁₋₃            deuteroalkyl)-OH or —CHO; more preferably R₄ is —(C₁₋₃            alkyl)-OH;        -   preferably, R₄ is hydroxymethyl or hydroxy deuteromethyl;        -   preferably, R₃ is hydrogen, and R₄ is —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-OH;        -   preferably,

-   -   -    wherein R₁₁ is C₁₋₆ alkyl or C₁₋₆ deuteroalkyl;        -   preferably, Z is CH;        -   preferably, U is CH, and V is N or CH; more preferably, both            U and V are CH;        -   preferably, both U and V are CH, and R₁ is methyl;        -   preferably, R₁₁ is C₁₋₃ alkyl, preferably methyl or ethyl,            and more preferably methyl;        -   preferably, R₁₁ is C₁₋₃ deuteroalkyl, preferably            trideuteromethyl;        -   preferably, R₆ is halogen;        -   preferably, m is 0 or 1;        -   preferably, 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl is 6 membered            monocyclic heteroaryl, more preferably pyridyl, pyrazinyl            and pyrimidyl;        -   preferably, 5-6 membered monocyclic heteroaryl is 5 membered            monocyclic heteroaryl, more preferably triazolyl;        -   preferably, 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroaryl is 9 membered            bicyclic heteroaryl, more preferably            4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazinyl;        -   and preferably, 4-8 membered heterocyclyl is 4-6 membered            heterocyclyl, more preferably oxetanyl, azetidinyl,            tetrahydropyranyl, morpholinyl, piperazinyl or            tetrahydropyridyl.

-   Embodiment 24. The compound of any one of embodiments 22-23, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein Y₂ is CH.

-   Embodiment 25. The compound of any one of embodiments 22-24, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein R₅ is chosen from:

-   -   wherein    -   R₂₁ is chosen from C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl and —(C₁₋₆        alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl);    -   n is 0, 1 or 2;    -   R₂₂ and R₂₃ are each independently chosen from hydrogen, C₁₋₆        alkyl, C₁₋₆ haloalkyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), 4-6        membered heterocyclyl or —C(O)R_(c), and R_(c) is chosen from        hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl or —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl);    -   A₁ and A₂ are each independently CH or N; and    -   R₁₃ is chosen from:    -   1) hydrogen;    -   2) C₁₋₆ alkyl;    -   3) 4-6 membered heterocyclyl optionally substituted with one or        more substituents chosen from oxo, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₆ alkoxy,        —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl) and 4-6 membered heterocyclyl;    -   4) phenyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents        chosen from 4-6 membered heterocyclyl;    -   5) —NR_(a)′R_(a)″, wherein R_(a)′ and R_(a)″ are each        independently chosen from hydrogen, C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₆        alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl) and 4-6 membered heterocyclyl, wherein the        4-6 membered heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one or        more —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH; and    -   6) —C(O)NR_(b)′R_(b)″, wherein R_(b)′ and R_(b)″ together with        the N atoms to which they are attached form 4-6 membered        heterocyclyl, wherein the 4-6 membered heterocyclyl is        optionally substituted with one or more C₁₋₆ alkyl;    -   preferably, R₅ is

wherein A₁ and A₂ are each independently CH or N;R_(a)′ and R_(a)″together with the N atoms to which they are attached form 4-6 memberedheterocyclyl, wherein the 4-6 membered heterocyclyl is optionallysubstituted with one or more substituents chosen from oxo, C₁₋₆ alkyl,C₁₋₆ alkoxy and 4-6 membered heterocyclyl;

-   -   preferably, R₁₃ is piperazinyl optionally substituted with one        or more substituents chosen from C₁₋₆ alkyl and 4-5 membered        heterocyclyl;    -   preferably, R₅ is chosen from:

-   -   wherein R₂₄, R₂₄′, R₂₅, R₂₅′, R₂₇ and R₂₇′ are each        independently chosen from hydrogen, oxo and C₁₋₆ alkyl;    -   R₂₆ is C₁₋₆ alkyl, —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl) or        tetrahydrofuranyl;    -   R₂₈ is C₁₋₆ alkoxy; R₂₉ is hydrogen or —(C₁₋₆ alkyl)-OH;    -   R₃₀ is C₁₋₆ alkyl; and    -   A₁ and A₂ are each independently CH or N;    -   preferably, R₅ is chosen from

wherein R₂₄ and R₂₄′ are each independently chosen from hydrogen, oxoand C₁₋₆ alkyl;

-   -   more preferably, when R₂₄ is C₁₋₆ alkyl (such as C₁₋₃ alkyl,        more preferably methyl),

is preferably

wherein R₂₄′ is C₁₋₆ alkyl (such as C₁₋₃ alkyl, more preferably methyl),and more preferably

-   -   preferably, R₂₄ and R₂₄′ are each independently chosen from        hydrogen and C₁₋₆ alkyl;    -   preferably, one of A₁ and A₂ is N, and the other is CH;    -   preferably, A₁ is N and A₂ is CH;    -   and preferably, both A₁ and A₂ are CH.

-   Embodiment 26. The compound of any one of embodiments 22-25, or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic    mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof,    wherein    -   both X₁ and X₂ are CH, or one of X₁ and X₂ is N, and the other        is CH;    -   Y₂ is CH;    -   R₃ is hydrogen;    -   R₄ is —(C₁₋₃ alkyl)-OH;    -   Z is CH;    -   U is CH, and V is N or CH;    -   R₅ is chosen from

wherein R₂₄ and R₂₄′ are each independently chosen from hydrogen, oxoand C₁₋₆ alkyl, both A₁ and A₂ are CH, or A₁ is N and A₂ is CH;

-   -   R₆ is hydrogen or halogen;    -   m is 0, 1 or 2; and    -   R₁₁ is C₁₋₃ alkyl;    -   and preferably, both A₁ and A₂ are CH.

-   Embodiment 27. The compound of embodiment 1, or a pharmaceutically    acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemic mixture, an    enantiomer, a diastereomer or a tautomer thereof, which is chosen    from:

No. Structural formula  1

 2

 3

 4

 5

 6

 7

 8

 9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

72

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

-   Embodiment 28. A pharmaceutical composition, comprising the compound    of any one of embodiments 1-27 and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable    salt thereof, and optionally comprising a pharmaceutically    acceptable excipient.-   Embodiment 29. A method of in vivo or in vitro inhibiting the    activity of BTK, comprising contacting BTK with an effective amount    of the compound of any one of embodiments 1-27, and/or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.-   Embodiment 30. Use of the compound of any one of embodiments 1-27    and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in the manufacture    of a medicament for treating or preventing a disease mediated by BTK    or at least in part by BTK, preferably for treating or preventing    cancer, an inflammatory disease or autoimmune disease, wherein the    cancer is preferably solid tumor or hematologic malignancy,    including lymphoma, leukemia and myeloma; the cancer is more    preferably chosen from B cell malignancy, diffuse large B-cell    lymphoma (DLBCL), large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL), B-cell lymphoma,    mantle cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma,    Hodgkin's lymphoma, Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, marginal zone    lymphoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, non-Burkitt's highly degree B cell    malignant lymphoma, extranodal marginal-zone B-cell lymphoma, small    lymphotic lymphoma (SLL), lymphoblastic lymphoma, lymphocytic    leukemia, myelogenous leukemia, acute myelogenous leukemia (AML),    chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), human acute monocytic leukemia,    acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), B cell acute lymphocytic leukemia    (B-ALL), hairy cell leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)    (such as high risk CLL), myelodysplastic syndrome, acute    lymphoblastic leukemia, myeloma (such as multiple myeloma) or graft    versus host disease; and the inflammatory disease or autoimmune    disease is preferably chosen from: systemic inflammation and local    inflammation, arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammation    associated with immunosuppression, organ-graft refection, allergic    disease, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, dermatitis, asthma,    lupus erythematosus, Sjogren syndrome, multiple sclerosis,    scleroderma (also referred to as systemic sclerosis), multiple    sclerosis osteoporosis, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura,    autoimmune hemolytic anemia, antineutrophil cytoplasmatic antibody    vasculitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, psoriasis, sicca    syndrome, pemphigus valgaris, diseases associated with kidney    transplantation.-   Embodiment 31. A method of treating or preventing a disease in a    subject, comprising administering to the subject in need thereof an    effective amount of the compound of any one of embodiments 1-27,    and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the    disease is a disease mediated by BTK or at least in part by BTK; the    disease is preferably cancer, an inflammatory disease or autoimmune    disease; the cancer is preferably solid tumor or hematologic    malignancy, including lymphoma, leukemia and myeloma; the cancer is    more preferably chosen from B cell malignancy, diffuse large B-cell    lymphoma (DLBCL), large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL), B-cell lymphoma,    mantle cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma,    Hodgkin's lymphoma, Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, marginal zone    lymphoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, non-Burkitt's highly degree B cell    malignant lymphoma, extranodal marginal-zone B-cell lymphoma, small    lymphotic lymphoma (SLL), lymphoblastic lymphoma, lymphocytic    leukemia, myelogenous leukemia, acute myelogenous leukemia (AML),    chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), human acute monocytic leukemia,    acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), B cell acute lymphocytic leukemia    (B-ALL), hairy cell leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)    (such as high risk CLL), myelodysplastic syndrome, acute    lymphoblastic leukemia, myeloma (such as multiple myeloma) or graft    versus host disease; and the inflammatory disease or autoimmune    disease is preferably chosen from: systemic inflammation and local    inflammation, arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammation    associated with immunosuppression, organ-graft refection, allergic    disease, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, dermatitis, asthma,    lupus erythematosus, Sjogren syndrome, multiple sclerosis,    scleroderma, multiple sclerosis osteoporosis, idiopathic    thrombocytopenic purpura, autoimmune hemolytic anemia,    antineutrophil cytoplasmatic antibody vasculitis, chronic    obstructive pulmonary disease, psoriasis, sicca syndrome, pemphigus    valgaris, and diseases associated with kidney transplantation.-   Embodiment 32. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-27 and/or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use as a medicament.-   Embodiment 33. The compound of any one of embodiments 1-27 and/or a    pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in treating or    preventing a disease mediated by BTK or at least in part by BTK, and    preferably for use in treating or preventing cancer, an inflammatory    disease or autoimmune disease, wherein the cancer is preferably    solid tumor or hematologic malignancy, including lymphoma, leukemia    and myeloma; the cancer is more preferably chosen from B cell    malignancy, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), large B-cell    lymphoma (LBCL), B-cell lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, follicular    lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, Waldenstrom    macroglobulinemia, marginal zone lymphoma, Burkitt's lymphoma,    non-Burkitt's highly degree B cell malignant lymphoma, extranodal    marginal-zone B-cell lymphoma, small lymphotic lymphoma (SLL),    lymphoblastic lymphoma, lymphocytic leukemia, myelogenous leukemia,    acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), chronic myelogenous leukemia    (CML), human acute monocytic leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia    (ALL), B cell acute lymphocytic leukemia (B-ALL), hairy cell    leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (such as high risk    CLL), myelodysplastic syndrome, acute lymphoblastic leukemia,    myeloma (such as multiple myeloma) or graft versus host disease; and    the inflammatory disease or autoimmune disease is preferably chosen    from: systemic inflammation and local inflammation, arthritis,    rheumatoid arthritis, inflammation associated with    immunosuppression, organ-graft refection, allergic disease,    ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, dermatitis, asthma, lupus    erythematosus, Sjogren syndrome, multiple sclerosis, scleroderma,    multiple sclerosis osteoporosis, idiopathic thrombocytopenic    purpura, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, antineutrophil cytoplasmatic    antibody vasculitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,    psoriasis, sicca syndrome, pemphigus valgaris, and diseases    associated with kidney transplantation.-   Embodiment 34. A pharmaceutical combination, comprising the compound    of any one of embodiments 1-27 and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable    salt thereof, and at least one additional therapeutic agent, wherein    the therapeutic agent is preferably chosen from: an    anti-inflammatory agent, an immunomodulator or an anti-tumor active    agent, wherein the anti-tumor active agent includes a    chemotherapeutic agent, an immune checkpoint inhibitor or agonist,    and a targeted therapeutic agent.-   Embodiment 35. A compound of formula (V):

-   -   or a solvate, a racemic mixture, an enantiomer, a diastereomer        and a tautomer thereof, wherein        -   X₁, X₂, X₃, X₄, R₁, R₂ and R₃ are as defined in any one of            embodiments 1-27;        -   R₃₁ is —OH, oxo (═O), or —O—(C₁₋₆ alkyl), and        -   R₃₂ is halogen, —B(OH)₂, —B(OC₁₋₆ alkyl)₂,

and R_(d) is hydrogen or C₁₋₆ alkyl.

-   Embodiment 36. The compound of embodiment 35, which is

and Z is N or CR₇;R₇ and R₈ are each independently hydrogen or halogen;R₉ is halogen or C₁₋₆ alkyl; and n is 1 or 2.

-   Embodiment 37. A compound which is chosen from:

The various embodiments of the present invention (including thefollowing examples) and the features of the various embodiments shouldbe interpreted as being arbitrarily combined with each other, and thevarious solutions obtained by these mutual combinations are all includedin the scope of the present invention, just like the solutions obtainedby listing these mutual combinations specifically and individuallyherein, unless clearly stated otherwise in the context.

General Synthetic Methods

The compound of formula (I) and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable saltthereof described herein can be synthesized using commercially availablestarting materials, by methods known in the art, or methods disclosed inthe patent application. The synthetic routes shown in Scheme 1 to Scheme2 illustrate the general synthetic methods for preparing the compoundsof the present invention, and the synthetic routes shown in Scheme 3 toScheme 6 illustrate the general synthetic methods for preparing thematerial 1-1 used in Scheme 1 to Scheme 2.

As shown in Scheme 1, a compound of formula 1-1 is reacted with adihaloarylaldehyde compound of formula 1-2 under the catalysis ofcuprous iodide to obtain a compound of formula 1-3. The carbon-nitrogencoupling reaction catalyzed by cuprous iodide is carried out undersuitable conditions. The solvent used can be chosen from polar solventssuch as 1,4-dioxane, DMF, etc., and the base used can be chosen fromCs₂CO₃, Na₂CO₃, K₃PO₄, etc. Under suitable conditions, a compound offormula 1-4 is obtained by reducing the compound of formula 1-3. Thereducing agent used can be chosen from sodium borohydride, potassiumborohydride, lithium borohydride, etc., and the solvent used can bechosen from polar solvents, such as methanol, ethanol or mixed solventof methanol and dichloromethane. A compound of formula 1-5 is obtainedby acetylating the hydroxyl on the compound of formula 1-4. The compoundof formula 1-5 is reacted with bis(pinacolato)diboron under suitableconditions to obtain a boracic acid or boronic acid ester compound offormula 1-6. The compound of formula 1-6 is reacted with a halide offormula 1-7 by Suzuki coupling reaction under the catalysis ofappropriate palladium reagent to obtain a compound of formula 1-8.Palladium catalyzed Suzuki coupling reaction is carried out undersuitable conditions. The solvent used can be chosen from polar solventssuch as 1,4-dioxane, DMF, THF or mixed solvent of 1,4-dioxane and water.The base used can be chosen from Cs₂CO₃, Na₂CO₃, K₃PO₄, etc., and thecatalyst used can be chosen from Pd(dppf)Cl₂.CH₂Cl₂, Pd(PPh₃)₄,Pd(OAc)₂, etc. A compound of formula (I-1) of the present invention isobtained by deacetylating the compound of formula 1-8 under appropriatealkaline conditions. The base used can be chosen from potassiumcarbonate, sodium carbonate, lithium hydroxide, etc., and the solventused can be chosen from polar solvents, such as methanol, ethanol ormixed solvent of methanol and water.

As shown in Scheme 2, the compound of formula 1-3 is reacted with aboracic acid or boric acid ester of formula 2-1 by Suzuki couplingreaction under the catalysis of appropriate palladium reagent to obtaina compound of formula 2-2. Palladium catalyzed Suzuki coupling reactionis carried out under suitable conditions. The solvent used can be chosenfrom polar solvents such as 1,4-dioxane, DMF, THF or mixed solvent of1,4-dioxane and water, the base used can be chosen from Cs₂CO₃, Na₂CO₃,K₃PO₄, etc., and the catalyst used can be chosen fromPd(dppf)Cl₂.CH₂Cl₂, Pd(PPh₃)₄, Pd(OAc)₂, etc. Under suitable conditions,the compound of formula (I-1) is obtained by reducing the compound offormula 2-2. The reducing agent used can be chosen from sodiumborohydride, potassium borohydride, lithium borohydride, etc., and thesolvent used can be chosen from polar solvents, such as methanol,ethanol or mixed solvent of methanol and dichloromethane.

As shown in Scheme 3, the compound of formula 3-1 is subjected to asubstitution reaction with bromoacetaldehyde diethyl acetal undersuitable conditions to obtain a compound of formula 3-2. The base usedcan be chosen from cesium carbonate, etc., and the solvent used can bechosen from polar solvents such as DMF or 1,4-dioxane. The compound offormula 3-2 is hydrolyzed in an alkaline solution to obtain a compoundof formula 3-3. The base used can be chosen from lithium hydroxide,potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, etc., and the solvent used can bechosen from polar solvents, such as methanol, ethanol or mixed solventof methanol and water. The compound of formula 3-3 is subjected to acondensation reaction with HATU and aqueous ammonia to obtain a compoundof formula 3-4. The compound of formula 3-4 is subjected to ring closurein acetic acid to obtain a compound of formula 3-5.

As shown in Scheme 4, the compound of formula 3-2 can be subjected to aring closure reaction with ammonium acetate in acetic acid to obtain acompound of formula 3-5.

As shown in Scheme 5, the compound of formula 3-1 is reacted withO-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)hydroxylamine to obtain a compound of formula 5-1.The compound of formula 5-1 is subjected to a ring closure reaction withammonium acetate in formamide solution to obtain a compound of formula5-2.

As shown in Scheme 6, the compound of formula 3-1 is subjected to asubstitution reaction with hydrazine hydrate to obtain a compound offormula 6-1. The compound of formula 6-1 is subjected to a ring closurereaction with triethyl orthoformate in DMF solution to obtain a compoundof formula 6-2.

The substituents of the compounds thus obtained can be further modifiedto provide other desired compounds. Synthetic chemistry transformationsare described, for example, in R. Larock, Comprehensive OrganicTransformations, VCH Publishers (1989); L. Fieser and M. Fieser, Fieserand Fieser's Reagents for Organic Synthesis, John Wiley and Sons (1994);L. Paquette, ed., Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis, JohnWiley and Sons (1995) and subsequent editions thereof.

Before use, the compound(s) of the present invention can be purified bycolumn chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography,crystallization or other suitable methods.

Pharmaceutical Compositions and Utility

The compound of the present invention herein (e.g., a compound of any ofthe embodiments as described herein) is used, alone or in combinationwith one or more additional therapeutic agents, to formulatepharmaceutical compositions. A pharmaceutical composition comprises: (a)an effective amount of the compounds of the present invention; (b) apharmaceutically acceptable excipient (e.g., one or morepharmaceutically acceptable carriers); and optionally (c) at least oneadditional therapeutic agent.

A pharmaceutically acceptable excipient refers to an excipient that iscompatible with active ingredients of the composition (and in someembodiments, capable of stabilizing the active ingredients) and notdeleterious to the subject to be treated. For example, solubilizingagents, such as cyclodextrins (which form specific, more solublecomplexes with the compounds of the present invention), can be utilizedas pharmaceutical excipients for delivery of the active ingredients.Examples of other excipients or carries include colloidal silicondioxide, magnesium stearate, cellulose, sodium lauryl sulfate, andpigments such as D&C Yellow #10. Suitable pharmaceutically acceptableexcipients are disclosed in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, A.Osol, a standard reference text in the art.

A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of the presentinvention herein can be administered in various known manners, such asorally, topically, rectally, parenterally, by inhalation spray, or viaan implanted reservoir. The term “parenteral” as used herein includessubcutaneous, intracutaneous, intravenous, intramuscular,intraarticular, intraarterial, intrasynovial, intrasternal, intrathecal,intralesional and intracranial injection or infusion techniques.

A pharmaceutical composition described herein can be prepared in theform of tablet, capsule, sachet, dragee, powder, granule, lozenge,powder for reconstitution, liquid preparation, or suppository. In someembodiments, a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of thepresent invention herein is formulated for intravenous infusion, topicaladministration, or oral administration.

An oral composition can be any orally acceptable dosage form including,but not limited to, tablets, capsules, emulsions, and aqueoussuspensions, dispersions and solutions. Commonly used carriers fortablets include lactose and corn starch. Lubricating agents, such asmagnesium stearate, are also typically added to tablets. For oraladministration in a capsule form, useful diluents include lactose anddried corn starch. When aqueous suspensions or emulsions areadministered orally, the active ingredient can be suspended or dissolvedin an oily phase combined with emulsifying or suspending agents. Ifdesired, certain sweetening, flavoring, or coloring agents can be added.

In some embodiments, the compound of the present invention can bepresent in an amount of 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 50, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95,100, 125, 150, 200, 250, 300, 400 and 500 mg in a tablet. In someembodiments, the compound of the present invention can be present in anamount of 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 50, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 125, 150,200, 250, 300, 400 and 500 mg in a capsule.

A sterile injectable composition (e.g., aqueous or oleaginoussuspension) can be formulated according to techniques known in the artusing suitable dispersing or wetting agents (for example, Tween 80) andsuspending agents. The sterile injectable composition can also be asterile injectable solution or suspension in a non-toxic parenterallyacceptable diluent or solvent, for example, as a solution in1,3-butanediol. Among the pharmaceutically acceptable vehicles andsolvents that can be employed are mannitol, water, Ringer's solution andisotonic sodium chloride solution. In addition, sterile, fixed oils areconventionally employed as a solvent or suspending medium (e.g.,synthetic mono- or di-glycerides). Fatty acids, such as oleic acid andits glyceride derivatives, and natural pharmaceutically acceptable oils,such as olive oil or castor oil, especially in their polyoxyethylatedversions, can be used as sterile injectable medium. These oil solutionsor suspensions can also contain a long-chain alcohol diluent ordispersant, or carboxymethyl cellulose or similar dispersing agents.

An inhalation composition can be prepared according to techniques wellknown in the art of pharmaceutical formulation and can be prepared assolutions in saline, employing benzyl alcohol or other suitablepreservatives, absorption promoters to enhance bioavailability,fluorocarbons, and/or other solubilizing or dispersing agents known inthe art.

A topical composition can be formulated in form of oil, cream, lotion,ointment, and the like. Suitable carriers for the composition includevegetable or mineral oils, white petrolatum (white soft paraffin),branched chain fats or oils, animal fats and high molecular weightalcohols (greater than C12). In some embodiments, the pharmaceuticallyacceptable carrier is one in which the active ingredient is soluble.Emulsifiers, stabilizers, humectants and antioxidants may also beincluded as well as agents imparting color or fragrance, if desired.Additionally, transdermal penetration enhancers may be employed in thosetopical formulations. Examples of such enhancers can be found in U.S.Pat. Nos. 3,989,816 and 4,444,762.

Creams may be formulated from a mixture of mineral oil, self-emulsifyingbeeswax and water in which mixture the active ingredient, dissolved in asmall amount of an oil, such as almond oil, is admixed. An example ofsuch a cream is one which includes, by weight, about 40 parts water,about 20 parts beeswax, about 40 parts mineral oil and about 1 partalmond oil. Ointments may be formulated by mixing a solution of theactive ingredient in a vegetable oil, such as almond oil, with warm softparaffin and allowing the mixture to cool. An example of such anointment is one which includes about 30% by weight almond oil and about70% by weight white soft paraffin.

Suitable in vitro assays can be used to evaluate the effect of thecompounds of the present invention in inhibiting the activity of BTK.The compounds of the present invention can further be examined foradditional effects in preventing or treating cancer by in vivo assays.For example, the compound of the present invention can be administeredto an animal (e.g., a mouse model) having cancer and its therapeuticeffects can be accessed. If the pre-clinical results are successful, thedosage range and administration route for animals, such as humans, canbe projected.

The compound of the present invention can be shown to have sufficientpre-clinical practical utility to merit clinical trials hoped todemonstrate a beneficial therapeutic or prophylactic effect, forexample, in subjects with cancer.

As used herein, the term “cancer” refers to a cellular disordercharacterized by uncontrolled or disregulated cell proliferation,decreased cellular differentiation, inappropriate ability to invadesurrounding tissue, and/or ability to establish new growth at ectopicsites. The term “cancer” includes, but is not limited to, solid tumorsand hematologic malignancies, such as leukemia, lymphoma or myeloma. Theterm “cancer” encompasses diseases of skin, tissues, organs, bone,cartilage, blood, and vessels. The term “cancer” further encompassesprimary cancer, and metastatic cancer, recurrent cancer and refractorycancer.

Non-limiting examples of solid tumors include pancreatic cancer; bladdercancer; colorectal cancer; breast cancer, including metastatic breastcancer; prostate cancer, including androgen-dependent andandrogen-independent prostate cancer; testicular cancer; renal cancer,including, e.g., metastatic renal cell carcinoma; urothelial carcinoma;liver cancer; hepatocellular cancer; lung cancer, including, e.g.,non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC),and adenocarcinoma of the lung; ovarian cancer, including, e.g.,progressive epithelial or primary peritoneal cancer; cervical cancer;endometrial cancer; gastric cancer; esophageal cancer; head and neckcancer, including, e.g., squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck;skin cancer, including, e.g., melanoma and basal carcinoma;neuroendocrine cancer, including metastatic neuroendocrine tumors; braintumors, including, e.g., glioma, anaplastic oligodendroglioma, adultglioblastoma multiforme, and adult anaplastic astrocytoma; bone cancer;sarcoma, including, e.g., Kaposi's sarcoma; adrenal carcinoma;mesothelial carcinoma; choriocarcinoma; muscle carcinoma; connectivetissue carcinoma; and thyroid carcinoma.

Non-limiting examples of hematologic malignancies include acutemyelogenous leukemia (AML); chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML),including accelerated phase CML and CML blastic phase (CML-BP); acutelymphocytic leukemia (ALL); chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL),including high risk CLL; human acute monocytic leukemia (M(5)); hairycell leukemia; lymphocytic leukemia; chronic lymphoid leukemia;myelogenous leukemia; myelodysplastic syndrome or acute lymphoblasticleukemia; small lymphotic lymphoma (SLL), lymphoblastic lymphoma, andHodgkin's lymphoma; non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL); follicular lymphoma;mantle cell lymphoma (MCL); B-cell lymphoma; T cell lymphoma; diffuselarge B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL); large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL); follicularlymphoma, marginal zone lymphoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, non-Burkitt'shighly degree B cell malignant lymphoma, extranodal marginal-zone B-celllymphoma; multiple myeloma (MM); Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia;myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), including refractory anemia (RA),refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts (RARS), refractory anemia withexcess of blast (RAEB) and refractory anemia with excess blasts intransformation (RAEB-T); and myeloproliferative syndrome.

In some embodiments, hematologic malignancy is recurrent or refractorydiffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), recurrent or refractory mantlecell lymphoma, recurrent or refractory follicular lymphoma, recurrent orrefractory CLL, recurrent or refractory SLL, and recurrent or refractorymultiple myeloma.

The compound of the present invention can be used to achieve abeneficial therapeutic or prophylactic effect, for example, in subjectswith cancer.

The compound of the present invention can be used to achieve abeneficial therapeutic or prophylactic effect, for example, in subjectswith an autoimmune disease, or in subjects with inflammatory diseases.

The term “autoimmune disease” refers to a disease or disorder arisingfrom and/or directed against an individual's own tissues or organs, or aco-segregate or manifestation thereof, or resulting condition therefrom.Examples of autoimmune diseases include, but are not limited to: chronicobstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), allergic rhinitis, lupuserythematosus, myasthenia gravis, Sjogren syndrome, multiple sclerosis(MS), scleroderma (also referred to as systemic sclerosis), multiplesclerosis osteoporosis, arthritis (such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA),and collagen-induced arthritis), psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease,asthma, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, autoimmune hemolyticanemia, antineutrophil cytoplasmatic antibody vasculitis, chronicobstructive pulmonary disease, sicca syndrome, pemphigus valgaris, anddiseases associated with kidney transplantation and myeloproliferativedisease, such as myelofibrosis, and post-polycythemia vera/essentialthrombocytosis myelofibrosis (post-PV/ET myelofibrosis). In someembodiment, autoimmune disease is chosen from arthritis, such as,rheumatoid arthritis (RA), collagen induced arthritis, and the like.

The term “inflammatory disease” or “inflammatory condition” refers to apathological state that leads to inflammation, especially due toneutrophil chemotaxis. Non-limiting examples of inflammatory diseasesinclude systemic inflammation and local inflammation, inflammationassociated with immunosuppression, organ-graft refection, allergicdisease, inflammatory skin disease (including psoriasis and atopicdermatitis); systemic scleroderma and sclerosis; reactions associatedwith inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD, such as Crohn's disease andulcerative colitis); ischemia reperfusion injury, including reperfusioninjury of tissue caused by surgery, myocardial ischemia, such asmyocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, reperfusion after heart operationand abnormal contractile response of coronary vessel after percutaneoustransluminal coronary angioplasty, surgical tissue reperfusion injury ofstroke and abdominal aortic aneurysm; cerebral edema secondary tostroke; cranial injury, and hemorrhagic shock; suffocation; adultrespiratory distress syndrome; acute lung injury; Behcet's disease;dermatomyositis; polymyositis; multiple sclerosis (MS); dermatitis;meningitis; encephalitis; uveitis; osteoarthritis; lupus nephritis;autoimmune disease such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Sjorgen'ssyndrome, and vasculitis; diseases involving leukopedesis; septicemia orcentral nervous system (CNS) inflammatory disease secondary to trauma,and multiple organ injury syndrome; alcoholic hepatitis; bacterialpneumonia; antigen-antibody complex mediated disease, includingglomerulonephritis; pyaemia; sarcoidosis; immunopathologic responses totissue/organ transplantation; lung inflammation, including pleurisy,alveolitis, vasculitis, pneumonia, chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasia,diffuse panbronchiolitis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, idiopathicpulmonary fibrosis (IPF), cystic fibrosis, etc. Preferably indicationsinclude, but are not limited to, chronic inflammation, autoimmunediabetes, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), rheumatoid spondylitis, goutyarthritis and other arthrosis conditions, multiple sclerosis (MS),asthma, systemic lupus erythematosus, adult respiratory distresssyndrome, Behcet's disease, psoriasis, chronic pulmonary inflammatorydisease, graft versus host reaction, Crohn's disease, ulcerativecolitis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Alzheimer's disease andpyresis, and any diseases associated with inflammation and relatedconditions.

In addition, the compounds of the present invention (e.g., a compound ofany of the embodiments as described herein) can be administered incombination with additional therapeutic agents for the treatment ofdiseases or disorders described herein, such as cancer, an inflammatorydisease or autoimmune disease. The additional active ingredients may beadministered separately with the compound of the present invention orincluded with such an ingredient in a pharmaceutical compositionaccording to the disclosure, such as a fixed-dose combination drugproduct. In some embodiments, additional active ingredients are thosethat are known or discovered to be effective in the treatment ofdiseases mediated by BTK or at least in part by BTK, such as another BTKinhibitor or a compound active against another target associated withthe particular disease. The combination may serve to increase efficacy(e.g., by including in the combination a compound potentiating thepotency or effectiveness of the compound of the present invention),decrease one or more side effects, or decrease the required dose of thecompound of the present invention.

In some embodiments, the compounds of the present invention (such as anycompound herein) can be administered in combination with additionaltherapeutic agents, such as anti-inflammatory agents, immunomodulatorsor anti-tumor active agents, wherein the anti-tumor active agentsinclude chemotherapeutic agents, immune checkpoint inhibitors oragonists, and targeted therapeutic agents. The term “anti-tumor activeagent” as used herein refers to any agent that is administered to asubject suffering from cancer for the purposes of treating the cancer,such as a chemotherapeutic agent, an immune checkpoint inhibitor oragonist, and a targeted therapeutic agent.

Non-limiting examples of chemotherapeutic agents include topoisomerase Iinhibitors (e.g., irinotecan, topotecan, camptothecin and analogs ormetabolites thereof, and doxorubicin); topoisomerase II inhibitors(e.g., etoposide, teniposide, mitoxantrone, idarubicin, anddaunorubicin); alkylating agents (e.g., melphalan, chlorambucil,busulfan, thiotepa, ifosfamide, carmustine, lomustine, semustine,streptozocin, decarbazine, methotrexate, mitomycin C, andcyclophosphamide); DNA intercalators (e.g., cisplatin, oxaliplatin, andcarboplatin); and free radical generators such as bleomycin; nucleosidemimetics (e.g., 5-fluorouracil, capecitabine, gemcitabine, fludarabine,cytarabine, azacitidine, mercaptopurine, thioguanine, pentostatin, andhydroxyurea); paclitaxel, docetaxel, and related analogs; vincristine,vinblastin, and related analogs; thalidomide and related analogs (e.g.,CC-5013 and CC-4047).

Non-limiting examples of immune checkpoint inhibitors or agonistsinclude PD-1 inhibitors, for example, anti-PD-1 antibodies, such aspembrolizumab and nivolumab; PD-L1 inhibitors, for example, anti-PD-L1antibodies, such as atezolizumab, durvalumab, and avelumab; CTLA-4inhibitors, such as anti-CTLA-4 antibody, for example ipilimumab; andBTLA inhibitors, LAG-3 inhibitors, TIM3 inhibitors, TIGIT inhibitors,VISTA inhibitors, OX-40 agonists, and the like.

Targeted therapeutic agents include various small molecule ormacromolecular targeted therapeutic agents, and non-limiting examplesthereof include: protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors (such as imatinibmesylate and gefitinib); proteasome inhibitors (such as bortezomib);NF-κB inhibitors, including IκB kinase inhibitors; PI3Kδ inhibitors; SYKinhibitors; Bcl2 inhibitors; antibodies that bind to proteinsoverexpressed in cancer to down-regulate cell replication, such asanti-CD20 antibody (such as rituximab, ibritumomab tiuxetan, andtositumomab), anti-Her2 monoclonal antibody (trastuzumab), anti-EGFRantibody (cetuximab) and anti-VEGFR antibody (bevacizumab);anti-angiogenic drugs, such as lenalidomide; and other protein or enzymeinhibitors, these proteins or enzymes are known to be upregulated,overexpressed or activated in cancers, and the inhibiting on them candown-regulate cell replication.

EXAMPLES

The examples below are intended to be purely exemplary and should not beconsidered to be limiting in any way. Efforts have been made to ensurethe accuracy with respect to numbers used (for example, amounts,temperature, etc.), but those skilled in the art should understand thatsome experimental errors and deviations should be accounted for. Unlessindicated otherwise, parts are parts by weight, temperature is indegrees Centigrade, and pressure is at or near atmospheric. All MS datawere determined by Agilent 6120 or Agilent 1100. All NMR data weregenerated using a Varian 400 MR machine. All reagents and materials,except synthesized intermediates, used in the present invention arecommercially available. The reference GDC-0853 (fenebrutinib) waspurchased from Shanghai Linkchem Medical Technology Co., Ltd. Allcompound names except the reagents are generated by Chemdraw 16.0.

If there is any atom with empty valence(s) in any one of the structuresdisclosed herein, the empty balance(s) is (are) the hydrogen atom(s)which is (are) omitted for convenience purpose.

In the present application, in the case of inconsistency of the name andstructure of a compound, when the two of which are both given for thecompound, it is subject to the structure of the compound, unless thecontext shows that the structure of the compound is incorrect and thename is correct.

In the following examples, the abbreviations are used:

-   -   Ac Acetyl    -   AcOK Potassium acetate    -   BINAP Bis-(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl    -   CDI N,N′-carbonyldiimidazole    -   CD₃OD Deuterated methanol    -   DCM Dichloromethane    -   DIAD Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate    -   DIEA N,N-diisopropylethylamine    -   DMF N,N-dimethylformamide    -   DMSO Dimethyl sulfoxide    -   DMSO-d₆ Deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide    -   EA/EtOAc Ethyl acetate    -   Et₃N Triethylamine    -   EtOH Ethanol    -   g Gram    -   HATU 2-(7-azabenzotriazole)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluronium        hexafluorophosphate    -   HMDSLi Lithium hexamethyldisilazide    -   L Liter    -   M Mole/liter    -   MeOH Methanol    -   mg Milligram    -   mL Milliliter    -   mmol Millimole    -   mol Mole    -   NBS N-bromosuccinimide    -   Pd₂(dba)₃ Tris(dibenzylidene acetone)dipalladium    -   Pd(dppf)Cl₂ CH₂Cl₂ [1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)        ferrocene]palladium dichloride dichloromethane complex    -   PE Petroleum ether    -   TFA Trifluoroacetic acid    -   THF Tetrahydrofuran    -   Xphos 2-dicyclohexylphosphine-2′,4′,6′-triisopropyl biphenyl    -   Xant-phos 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene

Example 1 Synthesis of Compounds Intermediate I-14-chloro-2-(1-oxo-1,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-2-yl)nicotinaldehyde

Step 1: 2-chlorocyclopentan-1-ene-1-carbaldehyde

At 0-5° C., phosphorus oxychloride (4.45 mL, 47.7 mmol) was dropwiseadded to DMF (4.6 mL, 59.6 mmol) under nitrogen. The reaction solutionwas stirred at 0-5° C. for 10 minutes, and then further stirred at roomtemperature for 15 minutes. Cyclopentanone (2.5 g, 29.8 mmol) wasdropwise added to the above-mentioned reaction solution at 0-5° C.,which was reacted at room temperature for 1 hour, and then poured intoice water (the pH value was adjusted to 5 with an aqueous sodiumcarbonate solution), and 100 mL of water was added. The reactionsolution was extracted with petroleum ether/ethyl acetate=10/1 (100mL×2), and the organic phase was collected and combined, washed withsaturated brine (100 mL), dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, andconcentrated to give the target product (2.4 g, yield 62%), which wasdirectly used in the next step.

Step 2: (E)-3-(2-chlorocyclopenta-1-ene-1-yl)ethyl acrylate

Under nitrogen, 2-chlorocyclopentan-1-ene-1-carbaldehyde (2.4 g, 18.4mmol) and ethoxy(formylmethylene)triphenylphosphorane (6.4 g, 18.4 mmol)were placed in dichloromethane (30 mL), which was reacted at the refluxtemperature for 6 hours. The reaction solution was concentrated invacuum under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purifiedwith silica gel column chromatography (petroleum ether/ethyl acetate) togive the target product (3.3 g, yield 89%). [M+H]⁺ 201.1

Step 3: Ethyl 1,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopentadieno[b]pyrrole-2-carboxylate

Under nitrogen, to a solution of(E)-3-(2-chlorocyclopenta-1-ene-1-yl)ethyl acrylate (3.3 g, 16.5 mmol)in DMSO (20 mL) was added sodium azide (1.6 g, 24 mmol), which wasreacted at 65° C. for 16 hours. Water (200 mL) was added to the reactionsolution, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (50 mL×2).The organic phase was collected and combined, and concentrated in vacuumunder reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purified withsilica gel column chromatography (petroleum ether/ethyl acetate) to givethe target product (700 mg, yield 24%). [M+H]⁺ 180.1. ¹H NMR (400 MHz,CDCl₃): δ 8.81 (s, 1H), 6.65 (s, 1H), 4.30-4.26 (m, 2H), 2.75-2.55 (m,4H), 2.42-2.40 (m, 2H), 1.35-1.31 (m, 3H).

Step 4: Ethyl1-(2,2-diethoxyethyl)-1,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopentadieno[b]pyrrole-2-carboxylate

To a solution of ethyl1,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopentadieno[b]pyrrole-2-carboxylate (700 mg, 3.9mmol) in DMF (5 mL) was added cesium carbonate (3.2 g, 9.7 mmol) andbromoacetaldehyde diethyl acetal (1.55 g, 7.8 mmol), which was reactedat 100° C. for 16 hours. Water (50 mL) was added to the reactionsolution, and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (20 mL×2).The organic phase was collected and combined, and concentrated in vacuumunder reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purified withsilica gel column chromatography (petroleum ether/ethyl acetate) to givethe target product (1.0 g, yield 92%). [M+Na]⁺ 318.1

Step 5:1-(2,2-diethoxyethyl)-1,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopentadieno[b]pyrrole-2-carboxylicacid

To a solution of ethyl1-(2,2-diethoxyethyl)-1,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopentadieno[b]pyrrole-2-carboxylate(1.0 g, 3.6 mmol) in ethanol (10 mL) and water (10 mL) was added lithiumhydroxide monohydrate (650 mg, 14.4 mmol), which was reacted at 80° C.for 12 hours. Ethanol was removed in vacuum under reduced pressure, andthe pH was adjusted to 5-6 with concentrated hydrochloric acid, andwater (20 mL) was added. The reaction solution was extracted with ethylacetate (20 mL×2), the organic phase was collected and combined, driedwith anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated to give the targetproduct (800 mg, yield 83%). [M−H]⁻ 266.1

Step 6:1-(2,2-diethoxyethyl)-1,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopentadieno[b]pyrrole-2-carboxamide

At 0-5° C., under nitrogen, to a solution of1-(2,2-diethoxyethyl)-1,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopentadieno[b]pyrrole-2-carboxylicacid (800 mg, 3 mmol) in DMF (5 mL) was added triethylamine (0.84 mL, 6mmol) and HATU (1.7 g, 4.5 mmol). After reacting at room temperature for30 minutes, the reaction solution was poured into concentrated aqueousammonia (20 mL) and stirred for 10 minutes. Water (20 mL) was added, thereaction solution was extracted with dichloromethane (20 mL×2), and theorganic phase was collected and combined, and concentrated to give thetarget product (1.0 g, yield 125%), which was directly used in the nextstep.

Step 7: 7,8-dihydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-1(6H)-one

1-(2,2-diethoxyethyl)-1,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopentadieno[b]pyrrole-2-carboxamide(1.0 g, 3.75 mmol) was dissolved in acetic acid (10 mL), which wasreacted at 100° C. for 4 hours (acetic acid was removed in vacuum underreduced pressure, the pH value was adjusted to 8 with aqueous ammonia),water (20 mL) was added, and the mixture was extracted withdichloromethane (20 mL×2). The organic phase was collected and combined,and concentrated in vacuum under reduced pressure, and the resultingresidue was purified with silica gel column chromatography(dichloromethane/methanol) to give the target product (600 mg, yield92%). [M+H]⁺ 175.1

Step 8:4-chloro-2-(1-oxo-1,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-2-yl)nicotinaldehyde

Under nitrogen, to a solution of7,8-dihydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-1(6H)-one (600 mg,3.5 mmol) and 2-bromo-4-chloronicotinaldehyde (1.1 g, 5.1 mmol) in1,4-dioxane (30 mL) was added cuprous iodide (665 mg, 3.5 mmol),4,7-dimethoxy-1,10-phenanthroline (580 mg, 2.45 mmol) and cesiumcarbonate (2.2 g, 7.0 mmol). The mixture was reacted at 90° C. for 12hours, and then cooled to room temperature. The mixture was concentratedin vacuum under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purifiedwith silica gel column chromatography (petroleum ether/ethyl acetate) togive the target product (400 mg, yield 37%). [M+H]⁺ 314.0

The intermediates in the following table were prepared withcorresponding materials and reagents according to the preparation stepsof intermediate I-1:

LC-MS Intermediate Structural formula [M + H]⁺ I-55

342.0 I-64

343.0 I-77

328.0 I-79

342.0 I-80

330.0 I-84

356.1 I-90

328.1 I-95

341.8 I-96

338.0 I-98

 386.0, 388.0

Intermediate I-2(5-((5-((2S,5R)-2,5-dimethyl-4-(oxetan-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)boracicacid

Step 1: t-butyl(2R,5S)-2,5-dimethyl-4-(6-nitropyridin-3-yl)piperazin-1-carboxylate

Under nitrogen, to a solution of 5-bromo-2-nitropyridine (7.0 g, 32.7mmol) and t-butyl (2R,5S)-2,5-dimethylpiperazin-1-carboxylate (10.0 g,49.0 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (150 mL) was added Xant-phos (3.8 g, 0.64mmol), Pd₂(dba)₃ (3.0 g, 0.32 mmol) and cesium carbonate (21.3 g, 65.3mmol). The mixture was reacted at 100° C. for 16 hours, and then cooledto room temperature. The reaction solution was concentrated in vacuumunder reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purified withsilica gel column chromatography (petroleum ether/ethyl acetate) to givethe target product. [M+H]⁺ 337.1

Step 2: (2R,5S)-2,5-dimethyl-1-(6-nitropyridin-3-yl)piperazine

Under nitrogen, to a solution of t-butyl(2R,5S)-2,5-dimethyl-4-(6-nitropyridin-3-yl)piperazin-1-carboxylateobtained from step 1 in methanol (10 mL) was added concentratedhydrochloric acid (3 mL). The reaction was stirred at room temperaturefor 30 minutes, and concentrated in vacuum under reduced pressure, andthe resulting residue was purified with silica gel column chromatography(methanol/water) to give the target product (3.3 g, two-step yield 43%).[M+H]⁺ 237.1

Step 3:(2S,5R)-2,5-dimethyl-1-(6-nitropyridin-3-yl)-4-(oxetan-3-yl)piperazine

Under nitrogen, to a solution of(2R,5S)-2,5-dimethyl-1-(6-nitropyridin-3-yl) piperazine (3.3 g, 14.0mmol) and oxetan-3-one (3.1 g, 42.0 mmol) in methanol (20 mL) was addedzinc chloride (5.7 g, 42.0 mmol) and sodium cyanoborohydride (2.6 g,42.0 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 50° C. for 5 hours, andconcentrated in vacuum under reduced pressure, and the resulting residuewas purified with silica gel column chromatography (methanol/water) togive the target product (3.3 g, yield 80%). [M+H]⁺ 293.1

Step 4:5-((2S,5R)-2,5-dimethyl-4-(oxetan-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-amine

At room temperature, to a mixture of(2S,5R)-2,5-dimethyl-1-(6-nitropyridin-3-yl)-4-(oxetan-3-yl)piperazine(3.3 g, 11.3 mmol) and 10% palladium-carbon (with 50% water, 400 mg) inmethanol (50 mL) was introduced with hydrogen, which was reacted at roomtemperature for 12 hours. The reaction solution was filtered, and thefiltrate was collected, and concentrated in vacuum under reducedpressure to give the target product (2.94 g, yield 99%), which wasdirectly used in the next step. [M+H]⁺ 263.1

Step 5:5-bromo-3-((5-((2S,5R)-2,5-dimethyl-4-(oxetan-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-1-methylpyridin-2(1H)-one

Under nitrogen, to a solution of5-((2S,5R)-2,5-dimethyl-4-(oxetan-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-amine(2.94 g, 11.2 mmol), 3,5-dibromo-1-methylpyridin-2(1H)-one (3.0 g, 11.2mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (150 mL) was added Xant-phos (325 mg, 0.56 mmol),Pd₂(dba)₃ (515 mg, 0.56 mmol) and cesium carbonate (7.3 g, 22.5 mmol).The mixture was reacted at 100° C. for 16 hours, and then cooled to roomtemperature. The reaction solution was concentrated in vacuum underreduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purified with silica gelcolumn chromatography (methanol/dichloromethane) to give (4.7 g, yield93%). [M+H]⁺ 448.1, 450.0

Step 6:(5-((5-((2S,5R)-2,5-dimethyl-4-(oxetan-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)boracicacid

Under nitrogen, to a solution of5-bromo-3-((5-((2S,5R)-2,5-dimethyl-4-(oxetan-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-1-methylpyridin-2(1H)-one(4.7 g, 10.5 mmol), bis(pinacolato)diboron (13.3 g, 52.4 mmol) in1,4-dioxane (200 mL) was added Xphos (500 mg, 1.05 mmol), Pd₂(dba)₃ (480mg, 0.52 mmol) and potassium acetate (3.0 g, 31.4 mmol). The mixture wasreacted at 60° C. for 16 hours, and then cooled to room temperature. Thereaction solution was filtered, and the filtrate was collected andconcentrated in vacuum under reduced pressure, and the resulting residuewas purified with silica gel column chromatography (methanol/water) togive the target compound (2.3 g, yield 53%). [M+H]⁺ 414.2

The intermediates in the following table were prepared withcorresponding materials and reagents according to the preparation stepsof intermediate I-2:

LC-MS Intermediate Structural formula [M + H]⁺ I-7 

405.1 I-11 

 420.1, 422.1 I-14 

 434.1, 436.1 I-15 

346.0 I-18 

304.1 I-35 

 434.0, 436.0 I-54 

482.3 I-56 

261.1 I-57 

246.0 I-65 

414.2 I-67 

472.2 I-69 

332.1 I-73 

327.1 I-76 

482.2 I-78 

485.3 I-134

348.0 I-136

346.0 I-144

373.0 I-145

345.0 I-146

439.0 I-162

414.0 I-166

496.2 I-167

496.2 I-168

293.1 I-169

266.1 I-170

249.1 I-171

223.1 I-172

267.0 I-173

267.0 I-174

249.1 I-175

250.2 I-176

264.2 I-177

236.0 I-178

220.1 I-179

247.0 I-180

261.1 I-181

235.1 I-182

234.1 I-183

263.1 I-184

247.1 I-185

249.1 I-186

483.3

Intermediate I-35-bromo-3-((5-ethyl(2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-1-methylpyridin-2(1H)-one

Step 1: N-(2-methoxyethyl)-6-nitropyridin-3-amine

To a solution of 5-fluoro-2-nitropyridine (4.26 g, 30 mmol) and2-methoxyethylamine (2.48 g, 33 mmol) in DMSO (30 mL) was addedtriethylamine (21.2 g, 210 mmol). The mixture was reacted at 100° C. for4 hours, and then cooled to room temperature. The reaction solution waspoured into water (200 mL), and extracted with ethyl acetate (200 mL×2).The organic phase was collected and combined, and concentrated in vacuumunder reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purified withsilica gel column chromatography (methanol/dichloromethane) to give thetarget product (5.92 g, yield 100%). [M+H]⁺ 198.1

Step 2: N-ethyl-N-(2-methoxyethyl)-6-nitropyridin-3-amine

At 0-5° C., under nitrogen, to a solution ofN-(2-methoxyethyl)-6-nitropyridin-3-amine (986 mg, 5.0 mmol) in DMF (10mL) was added 60% sodium hydride (mineral oil dispersion) (240 mg, 6.0mmol), and stirred at this temperature for 1 hour. Bromoethane was addedto the mixture, and the mixture was reacted at 60° C. for 2 hours, andcooled to room temperature. The reaction solution was concentrated invacuum under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was dissolvedin dichloromethane (100 mL), and washed with water (50 mL). The organicphase was collected, and concentrated in vacuum under reduced pressureto give the target product (1.13 g, yield 100%), which was directly usedin the next step. [M+H]⁺ 226.1

Step 3: N⁵-ethyl-N⁵-(2-methoxyethyl)pyridin-2,5-diamine

At room temperature, to a mixture ofN-ethyl-N-(2-methoxyethyl)-6-nitropyridin-3-amine (1.13 g, 5.0 mmol) and10% palladium-carbon (with 50% water, 200 mg) in methanol (20 mL) wasintroduced with hydrogen, which was reacted at room temperature for 16hours. The reaction solution was filtered, and the filtrate wascollected and concentrated in vacuum under reduced pressure, and theresulting residue was purified with silica gel column chromatography(methanol/water) to give the target product (875 mg, yield 90%). [M+H]⁺196.1

Step 4:5-bromo-3-((5-ethyl(2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-1-methylpyridin-2(1H)-one

Under nitrogen, to a solution ofN⁵-ethyl-N⁵-(2-methoxyethyl)pyridin-2,5-diamine (195 mg, 1.0 mmol),3,5-dibromo-1-methylpyridin-2(1H)-one (267 mg, 1.0 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane(5 mL) was added Xant-phos (58 mg, 0.1 mmol), Pd₂(dba)₃ (92 mg, 0.1mmol) and cesium carbonate (652 mg, 2.0 mmol). The mixture was reactedat 100° C. for 16 hours, and then cooled to room temperature. Thereaction solution was concentrated in vacuum under reduced pressure, andthe resulting residue was purified with silica gel column chromatography(methanol/dichloromethane) to give the target product (257 mg, yield67%). [M+H]⁺ 381.1, 383.1

The intermediates in the following table were prepared withcorresponding materials and reagents according to the preparation stepsof intermediate I-3:

LC-MS Intermediate Structural formula [M + H]⁺ I-8 

 312.0, 313.9 I-9 

269.0 I-10 

 436.1, 438.1

438.1 I-12 

 379.0, 381.0

381.0 I-17 

 352.0, 354.0 I-19 

390.0 I-20 

278.0 I-21 

264.0 I-22 

 434.9, 436.9 I-23 

400.1 I-24 

391.1 I-25 

 461.1, 463.1 I-26 

 298.0, 300.0 I-27 

255.0 I-28 

 392.1, 394.1 I-29 

 284.0, 286.0 I-30 

241.0 I-36 

 365.0, 367.0 I-40 

245.0 247.0 I-41 

 365.0, 367.0 I-49 

507.2 I-50 

 367.0, 369.0 I-51 

 395.1, 397.1 I-81 

 437.1, 439.1 I-100

 283.0, 285.0 I-101

 297.0, 299.0 I-102

 281.0, 283.0 I-103

 281.0, 283.0 I-104

 295.0, 297.0 I-105

 283.0, 285.0 I-106

 284.0, 286.0 I-109

 298.0, 300.0 I-110

 448.1, 450.1 I-111

 435.1, 437.1 I-112

 448.1, 450.1 I-113

 417.1, 419.1 I-115

 382.1, 384.1 I-116

 403.1, 405.1 I-117

 446.1, 448.1 I-118

 396.1, 398.1 I-119

 394.1, 396.1 I-120

 396.1, 398.1 I-122

 380.0, 382.0 I-123

 294.0, 296.0 I-124

 310.0, 312.0 I-130

 391.0, 393.0 I-131

 327.0, 329.0 I-132

 325.0, 327.0 I-133

 366.1, 368.0 I-135

 352.0, 354.0 I-137

 311.0, 313.0 I-138

 378.1,  380.01 I-139

 364.0, 366.0 I-140

 297.0, 299.0 I-141

 311.0, 313.0 I-142

 311.0, 313.0 I-143

 327.0, 329.0 I-147

 379.0, 381.0 I-148

 367.0, 369.0 I-149

 448.1, 450.1 I-150

 380.0, 382.0 I-151

 435.1, 437.1 I-152

 420.7, 422.7 I-153

405.1 I-154

 448.1, 450.1 I-155

 449.1, 451.1 I-156

 436.1, 438.1 I-157

 450.1, 452.1 I-158

 462.1, 464.1 I-159

 380.2, 382.2 I-160

 435.1, 437.1 I-161

 393.8, 395.8 I-163

 450.1, 452.1 I-164

 450.1, 452.1 I-187

 424.1, 426.1

Intermediate I-4(3-(acetoxymethyl)-2-(7,7-dimethyl-1-oxo-1,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-2-yl)pyridin-4-yl)boracicacid

Step 1:2-(4-chloro-3-(hydroxymethyl)pyridin-2-yl)-7,7-dimethyl-7,8-dihydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-1(6H)-one

At 0-5° C., under nitrogen, to a solution of4-chloro-2-(7,7-dimethyl-1-oxo-1,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-2-yl)nicotinaldehyde (1.71 g, 5.0 mmol) (intermediate I-55) in methanol (5mL) and dichloromethane (15 mL) was added sodium borohydride (0.13 g,3.5 mmol), and the mixture was reacted at this temperature for 10minutes. A saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution (5 mL) was addedto the reaction solution, and the mixture was extracted withdichloromethane (30 mL×2). The organic phase was collected and combined,and concentrated in vacuum under reduced pressure to give the targetproduct (1.72 g, yield 100%), which was directly used in the next step.[M+H]⁺ 344.1

Step 2: Acetic acid(4-chloro-2-(7,7-dimethyl-1-oxo-1,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-2-yl)pyridin-3-yl)methylester

At 0-5° C., under nitrogen, to a solution of2-(4-chloro-3-(hydroxymethyl)pyridin-2-yl)-7,7-dimethyl-7,8-dihydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-1(6H)-one(1.72 g, 5.0 mmol) and triethylamine (2.53 g, 25 mmol) indichloromethane (30 mL) was added acetylchloride (1.18 g, 15 mmol), andthe mixture was reacted at this temperature for 1 hour. Water (20 mL)and dichloromethane (30 mL) were added to the reaction solution, theorganic phase was collected and combined, and concentrated in vacuumunder reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purified withsilica gel column chromatography (petroleum ether/ethyl acetate) to givethe target product (1.65 g, yield 86%). [M+H]⁺ 386.1

Step 3:(3-(acetoxymethyl)-2-(7,7-dimethyl-1-oxo-1,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-2-yl)pyridin-4-yl)boracicacid

Under nitrogen, to a solution of acetic acid(4-chloro-2-(7,7-dimethyl-1-oxo-1,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-2-yl)pyridin-3-yl)methylester (3.0 g, 7.79 mmol), bis(pinacolato)diboron (5.9 g, 23.3 mmol) in1,4-dioxane (120 mL) was added Xphos (333 mg, 0.7 mmol), Pd(dppf)Cl₂CH₂Cl₂ (570 mg, 0.7 mmol) and potassium acetate (2.3 g, 23.3 mmol). Themixture was reacted at 90° C. for 16 hours, and then cooled to roomtemperature. The reaction solution was concentrated in vacuum underreduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purified with silica gelcolumn chromatography (methanol/water) to give the target product (2.9g, yield 94%). [M+H]⁺ 396.1

The intermediates in the following table were prepared withcorresponding materials and reagents according to the preparation stepsof intermediate I-4:

LC-MS Intermediate Structural formula [M + H]⁺ I-114

397.1 I-121

411.1 I-129

368.1

Intermediate I-55-bromo-3-((1-ethyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-yl)amino)-1-methylpyrazin-2(1H)-one

Under nitrogen, 3,5-dibromo-1-methylpyrazin-2(1H)-one (5.0 g, 18.7 mmol)and 1-ethyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-amine (2.1 g, 18.7 mmol) were dissolvedin N-methylpyrrolidone (7 mL). The mixture was reacted at 120° C. for 3hours, and cooled to room temperature. The mixture was filtered, and thefilter cake was washed with methanol (5 mL), to give the target product(3.9 g, yield 50%). [M+H]⁺ 299.0, 301.0

The intermediate in the following table was prepared with correspondingmaterials and reagents according to the preparation steps ofintermediate I-5:

LC-MS Intermediate Structural formula [M + H]⁺ I-6

 313.0, 315.0

Intermediate I-13(S)-5-bromo-1,6-dimethyl-3-((5-(2-methyl-4-(oxetan-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)pyridin-2(1H)-one

Step 1: 3,5-dibromo-6-methylpyridin-2(1H)-one

Under nitrogen, to a solution of 6-methylpyridin-2(1H)-one (949 mg, 8.7mmol) in DMF (30 mL) was added NBS (3.1 g, 17.4 mmol). The mixture wasreacted at room temperature for 4 hours. The reaction solution waspoured into water (50 mL), and the precipitated solid was collected, andthen washed with methanol to give the target product, which was directlyused in the next step.

Step 2: 3,5-dibromo-1,6-dimethylpyridin-2(1H)-one

Under nitrogen, to a solution of 3,5-dibromo-6-methylpyridin-2(1H)-one(2.3 g, 8.7 mmol) in DMF (30 mL) was added iodomethane (1.3 g, 8.7 mmol)and cesium carbonate (1.6 g, 11.3 mmol). The mixture was reacted at roomtemperature for 2 hours. The reaction solution was poured into water (50mL), the precipitated solid was collected, and then the solid was washedwith methanol to give the target product (2.2 g, two-step yield 92%).[M+H]⁺ 281.8

Step 3:(S)-5-bromo-1,6-dimethyl-3-((5-(2-methyl-4-(oxetan-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)pyridin-2(1H)-one

The intermediate I-13 was prepared with3,5-dibromo-1,6-dimethylpyridin-2(1H)-one and corresponding reagentsaccording to the corresponding steps of intermediate I-2. [M+H]⁺ 448.1,450.1

Intermediate I-16(S)-6-chloro-2-ethyl-4-((5-(2-methyl-4-(oxetan-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)pyridazine-3(2H)-one

Step 1: 4-bromo-6-chloro-2-ethylpyridazine-3(2H)-one

At 0-5° C., under nitrogen, to a solution of 4-bromo-6-chloro-3(2H)-one(1.0 g, 4.8 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) was added 60% sodium hydride (mineraloil dispersion) (0.46 g, 11.5 mmol). The mixture was reacted at 0-5° C.for 30 minutes, then iodoethene (1.5 g, 9.6 mmol) was added, and thereaction was continued at room temperature for 5 minutes. The reactionsolution was poured into water, extracted with ethyl acetate, theorganic phase was collected and combined, and concentrated in vacuumunder reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purified withsilica gel column chromatography (methanol/water) to give the targetproduct (0.91 g, yield 80%). [M+H]⁺ 238.9

Step 2:(S)-6-chloro-2-ethyl-4-((5-(2-methyl-4-(oxetan-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)pyridazine-3(2H)-one

The intermediate I-16 was prepared with4-bromo-6-chloro-2-ethylpyridazine-3(2H)-one and corresponding reagentsaccording to the corresponding steps of intermediate I-2. [M+H]⁺ 405.1

Intermediate I-315-bromo-1-methyl-3-((1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-yl)amino)pyridin-2(1H)-one

Step 1: 4-nitro-1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole

At 0-5° C., under nitrogen, to a solution of 4-nitro-1H-1,2,3-triazole(4.0 g, 35.1 mmol), 2-trifluoroethanol (5.12 mL, 43.8 mmol) andtriphenylphosphine (18.4 g, 43.8 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (180 ml) wasadded DIAD (13.9 g, 43.8 mmol). The mixture was reacted at 60° C. for 16hours, and then cooled to room temperature, concentrated in vacuum underreduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purified with silica gelcolumn chromatography (petroleum ether/ethyl acetate) to give the targetproduct (4.61 g, yield 68%). [M+H]⁺ 197.0

Step 2:5-bromo-1-methyl-3-((1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-yl)amino)pyridin-2(1H)-one

The intermediate I-31 was prepared with4-nitro-1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole and correspondingreagents according to the corresponding steps of intermediate I-3.[M+H]⁺ 352.0, 353.9

The intermediates in the following table were prepared withcorresponding materials and reagents according to the preparation stepsof intermediates I-31, I-3 and I-5:

LC-MS Intermediate Structural formula [M + H]⁺ I-32 

 316.0, 318.0 I-133

 317.0, 319.0 I-134

 353.0, 354.9 I-142

 343.0, 345.0

Intermediate I-375-bromo-1-methyl-3-((1′-(oxetan-3-yl)-1′,2′,3′,6′-tetrahydro-[3,4′-bispyridin]-6-yl)amino)pyridin-2(1H)-one

Step 1: t-butyl6-nitro-3′,6′-dihydro-[3,4′-bispyridin]-1′(2′H)carboxylate

Under nitrogen, to a solution of1-nitrogen-tert-butyl-4,5-cyclohexene-4-borate (4.41 g, 15 mmol),5-fluoro-2-nitropyridine (3.03 g, 15 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (20 mL) andwater (2 mL) was added Pd(dppf)Cl₂ CH₂C₂ (612 mg, 0.75 mmol) and sodiumcarbonate (3.18 g, 30 mmol). The mixture was reacted at 100° C. for 3hours, and then cooled to room temperature, concentrated in vacuum underreduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purified with silica gelcolumn chromatography (petroleum ether/ethyl acetate) to give the targetproduct (4.58 g, yield 100%). [M+H]⁺ 306.1

Step 2:5-bromo-1-methyl-3-((1′-(oxetan-3-yl)-1′,2′,3′,6′-tetrahydro-[3,4′-bispyridin]-6-yl)amino)pyridin-2(1H)-one

The intermediate I-37 was prepared with t-butyl6-nitro-3′,6′-dihydro-[3,4′-bispyridin]-1′(2′H) carboxylate andcorresponding reagents according to the corresponding steps ofintermediate I-2. [M+H]⁺ 417.0, 419.0

The intermediate in the following table was prepared with correspondingmaterials and reagents according to the preparation steps ofintermediate I-37:

LC-MS Intermediate Structural formula [M + H]⁺ I-38

 412.0, 414.0

Intermediate I-43(S)-5-bromo-1-methyl-3-((5-(2-methyl-4-(oxetan-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)pyrazin-2-yl)amino)pyridin-2(1H)-one

Step 1: t-butyl(S)-3-methyl-4-(5-nitropyrazin-2-yl)piperazin-1-carboxylate

To a solution of 2-bromo-5-nitropyrazine (1.22 g, 6.0 mmol), t-butyl(S)-3-methylpiperazin-1-carboxylate (1.00 g, 5.0 mmol) in DMF (10 mL)was added potassium carbonate (1.38 g, 10 mmol). The mixture was reactedat 80° C. for 4 hours, and then cooled to room temperature, concentratedin vacuum under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purifiedwith silica gel column chromatography (petroleum ether/ethyl acetate) togive the target product (1.50 g, yield 93%). [M+H-56]⁺ 268.1

Step 2:(S)-5-bromo-1-methyl-3-((5-(2-methyl-4-(oxetan-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)pyrazin-2-yl)amino)pyridin-2(1H)-one

The intermediate I-43 was prepared with t-butyl(S)-3-methyl-4-(5-nitropyrazin-2-yl) piperazin-1-carboxylate andcorresponding reagents according to the corresponding steps ofintermediate I-2. [M+H]⁺ 435.1, 437.1

Intermediate I-44(S)-5-bromo-1-methyl-3-((5-(2-methyl-4-(oxetan-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)pyridin-2(1H)-one

Step 1: 5-bromo-N,N-bis(4-methoxy benzyl)pyrimidin-2-amine

At 0-5° C., under nitrogen, to a solution of 5-bromopyrimidin-2-amine(3.48 g, 20 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (60 mL) was added 60% sodiumhydride (mineral oil dispersion) (1.72 g, 43 mmol). The mixture wasreacted at 0-5° C. for 30 minutes, then p-methoxybenzyl chloride (7.83g, 50 mmol) was added, and the reaction was continued at 75° C. for 8hours. The reaction solution was poured into water, extracted with ethylacetate, the organic phase was collected and combined, and concentratedin vacuum under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purifiedwith silica gel column chromatography (petroleum ether/ethyl acetate) togive the target product (2.07 g, yield 25%). [M+H]⁺ 414.1, 416.1

Step 2: t-butyl (S)-4-(2-(bis(4-methoxybenzyl)amino)pyrimidin-5-yl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-carboxylate

Under nitrogen, to a solution of 5-bromo-N,N-bis(4-methoxybenzyl)pyrimidin-2-amine (2.07 g, 5.0 mmol) and t-butyl(S)-3-methylpiperazin-1-carboxylate (10.0 g, 49.0 mmol) in toluene (30mL) was added BINAP (311 mg, 0.50 mmol), Pd₂(dba)₃ (229 mg, 0.25 mmol)and tert-butoxysodium (960 mg, 10 mmol). The mixture was reacted at 80°C. for 8 hours, and then cooled to room temperature. The reactionsolution was concentrated in vacuum under reduced pressure, and theresulting residue was purified with silica gel column chromatography(petroleum ether/ethyl acetate) to give the target product (1.60 g,yield 30%). [M+H]⁺ 534.3

Step 3: (S)-5-(2-methylpiperazin-1-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine

Under nitrogen, a solution of t-butyl (S)-4-(2-(bis(4-methoxybenzyl)amino)pyrimidin-5-yl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-carboxylate (1.60 g,3.0 mmol) in trifluoroacetic acid (10 mL) was stirred at roomtemperature for 30 minutes, concentrated in vacuum under reducedpressure, to give the target product, which was directly used in thenext step. [M+H]⁺ 194.1

Step 4: t-butyl(S)-4-(2-aminopyrimidin-5-yl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-carboxylate

To a solution of (S)-5-(2-methylpiperazin-1-yl)pyrimidin-2-amineobtained from the previous step and di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (720 mg,3.3 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 mL) was added triethylamine (455 mg,4.5 mmol). The mixture was reacted at room temperature for 1 hours. Themixture was concentrated in vacuum under reduced pressure, and theresulting residue was purified with silica gel column chromatography(dichloromethane/methanol) to give the target product (880 mg, two-stepyield 100%). [M+H]⁺ 294.1

Step 5:(S)-5-bromo-1-methyl-3-((5-(2-methyl-4-(oxetan-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)pyridin-2(1H)-one

The intermediate I-44 was prepared with t-butyl(S)-4-(2-aminopyrimidin-5-yl)-3-methylpiperazin-1-carboxylate andcorresponding reagents according to the corresponding steps ofintermediate I-2. [M+H]⁺ 435.0, 437.0

Intermediate I-455-bromo-1-methyl-3-((5-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)amino)pyridin-2(1H)-one

Step 1: 6-nitro-N-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)pyridin-3-amine

Under nitrogen, to a solution of tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-amine (0.61 g,6.0 mmol) and 5-bromo-2-nitropyridine (1.46 g, 7.2 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane(50 mL) was added BINAP (0.37 g, 0.60 mmol), Pd₂(dba)₃ (0.55 g, 0.60mmol) and cesium carbonate (3.91 g, 12 mmol). The mixture was reacted at100° C. for 16 hours, and then cooled to room temperature. The reactionsolution was concentrated in vacuum under reduced pressure, and theresulting residue was purified with silica gel column chromatography(dichloromethane/methanol) to give the target product (0.72 g, yield54%). [M+H]⁺ 224.1

Step 2:5-bromo-1-methyl-3-((5-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)amino)pyridin-2(1H)-one

The intermediate I-45 was prepared with6-nitro-N-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl) pyridin-3-amine and correspondingreagents according to the corresponding steps of intermediate I-3.[M+H]⁺ 379.0, 381.0

The intermediate in the following table was prepared with correspondingmaterials and reagents according to the preparation steps ofintermediate I-45:

LC-MS Intermediate Structural formula [M + H]⁺ I-46

 409.0, 411.0

Intermediate I-475-bromo-1-methyl-3-((5-(morpholin-4-carbonyl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)pyridin-2(1H)-one

Step 1: (6-aminopyridin-3-yl)(morpholino)ketone

Under nitrogen, a solution of 6-aminonicotinic acid (1.38 g, 10 mmol),CDI (1.95 g, 12 mmol) in DMF (12 mL) was reacted at 70° C. for 1 hour,and then stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. Morpholine (1.74 g, 20mmol) was added to the mixture, and the mixture was reacted at roomtemperature for 16 hours. The reaction solution was concentrated invacuum under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purifiedwith silica gel column chromatography (dichloromethane/methanol) to givethe target product (1.05 g, yield 51%). [M+H]⁺ 208.1

Step 2:5-bromo-1-methyl-3-((5-(morpholin-4-carbonyl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)pyridin-2(1H)-one

The intermediate I-47 was prepared with(6-aminopyridin-3-yl)(morpholino)ketone and corresponding reagentsaccording to the corresponding steps of intermediate I-3. [M+H]⁺ 393.0,395.0

The intermediates in the following table were prepared withcorresponding materials and reagents according to the preparation stepsof intermediate I-47:

LC-MS Intermediate Structural formula [M + H]⁺ I-48

406.0, 408.0 I-165

396.0, 398.0

Intermediate I-524-chloro-2-(6-fluoro-1-oxopyrazino[1,2-a]indol-2(1H)-yl)nicotinaldehyde

Step 1: Ethyl 1-(2,2-diethoxyethyl)-7-fluoro-1H-indol-2-carboxylate

To a solution of ethyl 7-fluoro-1H-indol-2-carboxylate (2.07 g, 10 mmol)in DMF (15 mL) was added 2-bromo-1,1-diethoxyethane (4.0 g, 20 mmol) andcesium carbonate (8.2 g, 25 mmol). The mixture was reacted at 110° C.for 16 hours, and then cooled to room temperature, poured into water,and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic phase was collected andcombined, and concentrated in vacuum under reduced pressure, and theresulting residue was purified with silica gel column chromatography(petroleum ether/ethyl acetate) to give the target product (2.5 g, yield77%). [M+H-EtOH]⁺ 278.1

Step 2: 6-fluoropyrazino[1,2-a]indol-1(2H)-one

To a solution of ethyl1-(2,2-diethoxyethyl)-7-fluoro-1H-indol-2-carboxylate (2.5 g, 7.7 mmol)in acetic acid (50 mL) was added ammonium acetate (12 g, 154 mmol). Themixture was reacted at 110° C. for 16 hours, and then cooled to roomtemperature, concentrated in vacuum under reduced pressure, and theresulting residue was purified with silica gel column chromatography(petroleum ether/ethyl acetate) to give the target product (2.5 g, yield77%). [M+H]⁺ 203.0

Step 3:4-chloro-2-(6-fluoro-1-oxopyrazino[1,2-a]indol-2(1H)-yl)nicotinaldehyde

The intermediate I-52 was prepared with 6-fluoropyrazino[1,2-a]indol-1(2H)-one and corresponding reagents according to thecorresponding steps of intermediate I-1. [M+H]⁺ 342.0

The intermediates in the following table were prepared withcorresponding materials and reagents according to the preparation stepsof intermediates I-52 and I-1:

Inter- LC-MS mediate Structural formula [M + H]⁺ I-53

342.0 I-59

342.0 I-66

325.0 I-70

324.0 I-71

342.0

Intermediate I-584-chloro-2-(7,7-difluoro-1-oxo-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrazino[1,2-a]indol-2(1H)-yl)nicotinaldehyde

Step 1: 7,7-difluoro-8,9-dihydropyrazino[1,2-a]indol-1,6(2H,7H)-dione

The target compound was prepared with ethyl6,6-fluoro-7-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indol-2-carboxylate according tothe corresponding steps of intermediate I-1. [M+H]⁺ 239.0

Step 2:7,7-difluoro-6-hydroxyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrazino[1,2-a]indol-1(2H)-one

At 0-5° C., under nitrogen, to a solution of7,7-difluoro-8,9-dihydropyrazino[1,2-a]indol-1,6(2H,7H)-dione (500 mg,2.1 mmol) in methanol (10 mL) was added sodium borohydride (239 mg, 6.3mmol), and the mixture was reacted at this temperature for 10 minutes. Asaturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution (5 mL) was added to thereaction solution, and the mixture was extracted with dichloromethane(10 mL×2). The organic phase was collected and combined, andconcentrated in vacuum under reduced pressure to give the targetproduct, which was directly used in the next step.

Step 3: 7,7-difluoro-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrazino[1,2-a]indol-1(2H)-one

Under nitrogen, to a solution of7,7-difluoro-6-hydroxyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrazino[1,2-a]indol-1(2H)-oneobtained from the previous step in trifluoroacetic acid (5 mL) was addedtriethylsilane (771 mg, 6.3 mmol). The mixture was reacted at roomtemperature for 1 hour, and concentrated in vacuum under reducedpressure, a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (10 mL) wasadded to the resulting residue, and the mixture was extracted withdichloromethane (10 mL×2). The organic phase was collected and combined,and concentrated in vacuum under reduced pressure, and the resultingresidue was purified with silica gel column chromatography(methanol/water) to give the target product (120 mg, two-step yield26%). [M+H]⁺ 225.0

Step 4:4-chloro-2-(7,7-difluoro-1-oxo-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrazino[1,2-a]indol-2(1H)-yl)nicotinaldehyde

The intermediate I-58 was prepared with7,7-difluoro-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrazino[1,2-a]indol-1(2H)-one andcorresponding reagents according to the corresponding steps ofintermediate I-1. [M+H]⁺ 364.0

The intermediate in the following table was prepared with correspondingmaterials and reagents according to the preparation steps ofintermediate I-58:

Inter- LC-MS mediate Structural formula [M + H]⁺ I-60

364.0

Intermediate I-614-chloro-2-(8,10-difluoro-1-oxopyrazino[1,2-a]indol-2(1H)-yl)nicotinaldehyde

Step 1: Ethyl 3,5-difluoro-1H-indol-2-carboxylate

At 0-5° C., under nitrogen, to a solution of ethyl5-fluoro-1H-indol-2-carboxylate (4.14 g, 20 mmol) in acetonitrile (100mL) was added Selectfluor (7.08 g, 20 mmol), and the mixture was reactedat this temperature for 16 hours. A saturated aqueous ammonium chloridesolution (20 mL) and water (100 mL) were added to the reaction solution,and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (50 mL×2). The organicphase was collected and combined, and concentrated in vacuum underreduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purified with silica gelcolumn chromatography (ethyl acetate/petroleum ether) to give the targetproduct (2.4 g, yield 53%). [M+H]⁺ 226.0.

Step 2:4-chloro-2-(8,10-difluoro-1-oxopyrazino[1,2-a]indol-2(1H)-yl)nicotinaldehyde

The intermediate I-61 was prepared with ethyl3,5-difluoro-1H-indol-2-carboxylate and corresponding reagents accordingto the corresponding steps of intermediate I-52. [M+H]⁺ 360.0

Intermediate I-62 Acetic acid(2-(9-bromo-7,7-dimethyl-1-oxo-1,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-2-yl)-4-chloropyridin-3-yl)methylester

At 0° C., to a solution of acetic acid(4-chloro-2-(7,7-dimethyl-1-oxo-1,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-2-yl)pyridin-3-yl)methylester (800 mg, 2.07 mmol) in dichloromethane (30 mL) was added NBS (367mg, 2.07 mmol). The mixture was reacted at room temperature for 16hours, quenched with a saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution, andextracted with ethyl acetate. The organic phase was collected andcombined, dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated invacuum under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purifiedwith silica gel column chromatography (petroleum ether/ethyl acetate) togive the target product (800 mg, yield 83%). [M+H]⁺ 464.0, 466.0

Intermediate I-634-chloro-2-(7,7-dimethyl-4-oxo-4,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-3-yl)nicotinaldehyde

Step 1: Ethyl1-amino-5,5-dimethyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopentadieno[b]pyrrole-2-carboxylate

At 0-5° C., under nitrogen, to a solution of ethyl5,5-dimethyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopentadieno[b]pyrrole-2-carboxylate(5.0 g, 24.1 mmol) in DMF (30 mL) was added 60% sodium hydride (mineraloil dispersion) (1.06 g, 26.5 mmol). The mixture was reacted at 0-5° C.for 30 minutes, then O-(2,4-dinitrophenyl) hydroxylamine (5.3 g, 26.5mmol) was added to the reaction solution, and the mixture was reacted atroom temperature for 3 hours. The mixture was concentrated in vacuumunder reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purified withsilica gel column chromatography (petroleum ether/ethyl acetate) to givethe target product (4.3 g, yield 75%). [M+H]⁺ 223.0

Step 2:7,7-dimethyl-7,8-dihydro-3H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-4(6H)-one

Under nitrogen, to a mixture of ethyl1-amino-5,5-dimethyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopentadieno[b]pyrrole-2-carboxylate(4.3 g, 19.3 mmol) and formamide (30 mL) was added ammonium acetate (7.4g, 96.5 mmol). The mixture was reacted at 140° C. for 16 hours, and thencooled to room temperature. The mixture was filtered, and the filtercake was collected and washed with methanol to give the target product(3.1 g, yield 80%). [M+H]⁺ 204.0

Step 3:4-chloro-2-(7,7-dimethyl-4-oxo-4,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-3-yl)nicotinaldehyde

The intermediate I-63 was prepared with7,7-dimethyl-7,8-dihydro-3H-cyclopenta [4,5]pyrrolo [2,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-4(6H)-one and corresponding reagents according to thecorresponding steps of intermediate I-1. [M+H]⁺ 343.1

The intermediates in the following table were prepared withcorresponding materials and reagents according to the preparation stepsof intermediate I-63:

LC-MS Intermediate Structural formula [M + H]⁺ I-93

329.0 I-97

347.0

Intermediate I-68 (8-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)(1-ethyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-yl)amino)-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-6-yl)boracicacid

The intermediate I-68 was prepared with intermediate I-21 andcorresponding reagents according to step 1 of intermediate I-74 and step6 of intermediate I-2. [M+H]⁺ 374.1

The intermediate in the following table was prepared with correspondingmaterials and reagents according to the preparation steps ofintermediate I-68:

LC-MS Intermediate Structural formula [M + H]⁺ I-72

501.2

Intermediate I-744-chloro-2-(7-methyl-1-oxo-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrazino[1,2-a]indol-2(1H)-yl)nicotinaldehyde

Step 1: 7-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indol-1,2-dicarboxylic acid1-(tert-butyl)ester 2-ethyl ester

To a solution of ethyl 7-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indol-2-carboxylate(2.07 g, 10 mmol) and di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (7.51 g, 30 mmol) intetrahydrofuran (30 mL) was added 4-dimethylaminopyridine (0.12 g, 1.0mmol). The mixture was reacted at room temperature for 16 hours. Themixture was concentrated in vacuum under reduced pressure, and theresulting residue was purified with silica gel column chromatography(petroleum ether/ethyl acetate) to give the target product (3.07 g,yield 100%). [M+Na]⁺ 330.3

Step 2: Ethyl 6-methyl-7-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indol-2-carboxylate

At −78° C., under nitrogen, to a solution of7-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indol-1,2-dicarboxylic acid1-(tert-butyl)ester 2-ethyl ester (3.07 g, 10 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran(50 mL) was dropwise added 1M HMDSLi/tetrahydrofuran solution (24 mL, 24mmol), the mixture was naturally warmed to 0° C., and the reaction wascontinued for 30 minutes. At −78° C., iodomethane (3.41 g, 24 mmol) wasdropwise added to the reaction solution, the mixture was naturallywarmed to room temperature, and the reaction was continued for 4 hours.The reaction solution was cooled to 0° C., and quenched by adding asaturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution, extracted with ethylacetate (50 mL×2). The organic phase was collected and combined, driedwith anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated in vacuum under reducedpressure. Under nitrogen, the resulting residue trifluoroacetic acid (10mL) solution was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes, andconcentrated in vacuum under reduced pressure, and the resulting residuewas purified with silica gel column chromatography (water/methanol) togive the target product (1.19 g, yield 54%). [M+H]⁺ 221.1

Step 3: Ethyl 6-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indol-2-carboxylate

Under nitrogen, to a solution of ethyl6-methyl-7-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indol-2-carboxylate (1.19 g, 5.38mmol) in trifluoroacetic acid (10 mL) was added triethylsilane (2.5 mL).The mixture was reacted at room temperature for 16 hours, andconcentrated in vacuum under reduced pressure, and the resulting residuewas purified with silica gel column chromatography (methanol/water) togive the target product (980 mg, yield 88%). [M+H]⁺ 208.1

Step 4:4-chloro-2-(7-methyl-1-oxo-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrazino[1,2-a]indol-2(1H)-yl)nicotinaldehyde

The intermediate I-74 was prepared with ethyl6-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indol-2-carboxylate and correspondingreagents according to the corresponding steps of intermediate I-1.[M+H]⁺ 342.0

Intermediate I-754-chloro-2-(7,7-dimethyl-1-oxo-1,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-d][1,2,4]triazin-2-yl)nicotinaldehyde

Step 1:5,5-dimethyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopentadieno[b]pyrrole-2-carbohydrazide

A solution of ethyl5,5-dimethyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopentadieno[b]pyrrole-2-carboxylate(2.49 g, 12 mmol), an aqueous hydrazine hydrate solution (20 mL, 36mmol) in ethanol (8 mL) was reacted in microwave reactor at 150° C. for2 hours, and then cooled to room temperature. The reaction was filteredand washed with water, and the filter cake was collected, and dried invacuum under reduced pressure to give the target product (2.09 g, yield90%). [M+H]⁺ 194.1

Step 2:7,7-dimethyl-7,8-dihydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-d][1,2,4]triazin-1(6H)-one

Under nitrogen, a solution of5,5-dimethyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopentadieno[b]pyrrole-2-carbohydrazide(2.09 g, 10.5 mmol), triethyl orthoformate (3.11 g, 21.0 mmol) in DMF (8mL) was reacted at 160° C. for 16 hours. The reaction was cooled to roomtemperature, filtered, and washed with methanol, and the filter cake wascollected, and dried in vacuum under reduced pressure to give the targetproduct (1.65 g, yield 77%). [M+H]⁺ 204.1

Step 3:4-chloro-2-(7,7-dimethyl-1-oxo-1,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-d][1,2,4]triazin-2-yl)nicotinaldehyde

The intermediate I-75 was prepared with7,7-dimethyl-7,8-dihydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-d][1,2,4]triazin-1(6H)-oneand corresponding reagents according to the corresponding steps ofintermediate I-1. [M+H]⁺ 343.1

The intermediates in the following table were prepared withcorresponding materials and reagents according to the preparation stepsof intermediate I-75:

Inter- LC-MS mediate Structural formula [M + H]⁺ I-82

357.1 I-85

342.8 I-86

343.0 I-87

325.0 I-88

328.8 I-89

343.0 I-94

347.0

Intermediate I-832-(4-chloro-3-(fluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)-7,7-dimethyl-7,8-dihydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-1(6H)-one

Step 1: (2-bromo-4-chloropyridin-3-yl)methanol

At 0-5° C., to a solution of 2-bromo-4-chloronicotinaldehyde (2.7 g,12.2 mmol) in dichloromethane (30 mL) and methanol (10 mL) was addedsodium borohydride (325 mg, 8.6 mmol), and stirred at this temperaturefor 30 minutes. The reaction was quenched by adding water to thereaction solution, and extracted with dichloromethane, the organic phasewas collected, and concentrated in vacuum under reduced pressure, andthe resulting residue was purified with silica gel column chromatography(petroleum ether/ethyl acetate) to give the target product (2.5 g, yield92%).

Step 2: (2-bromo-4-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl methanesulfonate

At 0-5° C., to a solution of (2-bromo-4-chloropyridin-3-yl) methanol(1.0 g, 4.5 mmol) in dichloromethane (30 mL) was added methanesulfonylchloride (573 mg, 5.0 mmol), and stirred at this temperature for 30minutes. The reaction was quenched by adding water to the reactionsolution, and extracted with dichloromethane, the organic phase wascollected, and dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. The reactionsolution was filtered, and the filtrate was collected, concentrated invacuum under reduced pressure to give the target product (1.35 g, yield100%), which was directly used in the next step. [M+H]⁺ 299.9, 301.9

Step 3: 2-bromo-4-chloro-3-(fluoromethyl)pyridine

To a solution of (2-bromo-4-chloropyridin-3-yl) methyl methanesulfonate(1.35 g, 5.0 mmol) in dried tetrahydrofuran (20 mL) was added 1Mtetrabutylammonium fluoride/tetrahydrofuran (5.0 mL, 5.0 mmol), andstirred at 65° C. for 2 hours. The reaction was quenched by adding waterto the reaction solution, and extracted with ethyl acetate, the organicphase was collected, and concentrated in vacuum under reduced pressure,and the resulting residue was treated with silica gel columnchromatography (petroleum ether/ethyl acetate) to give the targetproduct (700 mg, yield 62%). [M+H]⁺ 223.9, 225.9

2-(4-chloro-3-(fluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)-7,7-dimethyl-7,8-dihydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-1(6H)-one was prepared with correspondingmaterials and reagents according to preparation step 8 of intermediateI-1. [M+H]⁺ 346.1

Intermediate I-914-chloro-2-(10-fluoro-1-oxo-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrazino[1,2-a]indol-2(1H)-yl)nicotinaldehyde

Step 1: Ethyl 3-fluoro-1H-indol-2-carboxylate

To a solution of ethyl 1H-indol-2-carboxylate (35.0 g, 185 mmol) inacetonitrile (1.75 L) was added1-chloromethyl-4-fluoro-1,4-diazobicyclo[2.2.2]octanedi(tetrafluoroboric acid)salt (65.5 g, 1185 mmol), and stirred at roomtemperature for 45 minutes. The reaction was quenched by addingsaturated brine, the organic phase was collected, and concentrated invacuum under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purifiedwith silica gel column chromatography (petroleum ether/ethyl acetate) togive the target product (18.0 g, yield 47%).

Step 2: Ethyl 3-fluoro-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-indol-2-carboxylate

To a solution of ethyl 3-fluoro-1H-indol-2-carboxylate (10.5 g, 50.7mmol) in acetic acid (210 mL) was added platinum dioxide (1.57 g, 1185mmol). Under stirring at room temperature, the reaction solution wasintroduced with hydrogen, and reacted for 8 hours. The reaction solutionwas filtered, the filtrate was collected, and concentrated in vacuumunder reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was diluted by addingwater, and neutralized to pH=8 with aqueous ammonia. The reactionsolution was extracted with ethyl acetate, and the organic phase wascollected, and concentrated in vacuum under reduced pressure, to givethe target product (10.5 g, yield 98%). [M+H]⁺ 212.0

4-chloro-2-(10-fluoro-1-oxo-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrazino[1,2-a]indol-2(1H)-yl)nicotinaldehyde was prepared with corresponding materials and reagentsaccording to preparation steps 5-8 of intermediate I-1. [M+H]⁺ 346.0

Intermediate I-92 (RS)-2-(4-chloro-3-pyridinecarboxaldehyde-2-yl)-7,7-dimethyl-1-oxo-1,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-6-ylacetate

To a solution of intermediate I-55 (1.0 g, 3.0 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (15mL) was added lead acetate (2.0 g, 4.5 mmol), and the reaction wasstirred at room temperature for 3 hours. The reaction solution wasconcentrated in vacuum under reduced pressure, and the resulting residuewas diluted by adding water, and neutralized to pH=8 with aqueousammonia. The reaction solution was extracted with ethyl acetate, theorganic phase was collected, and concentrated in vacuum under reducedpressure, and the resulting residue was purified with silica gel columnchromatography (methanol/water) to give the target product (600 mg,yield 50%). [M+H]⁺ 400.0

Intermediate I-99(5-bromo-2′-(7,7-dimethyl-1-oxo-1,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-2-yl)-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-[3,4′-bispyridin]-3′-yl)methylacetate

Under nitrogen, a solution of 3-bromo-5-iodo-1-methylpyridin-2(1H)-one(626 mg, 2.0 mmol), intermediate I-4 (790 mg, 2.0 mmol), Pd(dppf)Cl₂CH₂Cl₂ (162 mg, 0.20 mmol), Xphos (94 mg, 0.20 mmol) and potassiumphosphate (848 mg, 4.0 mmol) in acetonitrile (40 mL) and water (2 mL)was reacted at 30° C. for 3 hours. The reaction solution wasconcentrated in vacuum under reduced pressure, and the resulting residuewas purified with silica gel column chromatography (methanol/water) togive the target product. [M+H]⁺ 537.1, 539.1

Intermediate I-107N-(5-bromo-1-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-3-yl)propanamide

Under nitrogen, to a solution of3-amino-5-bromo-1-methylpyridin-2(1H)-one (609 mg, 3.0 mmol), propionylchloride (416 mg, 4.5 mmol) in dichloromethane (20 mL) was dropwiseadded triethylamine (455 mg, 4.5 mmol), and reacted at room temperaturefor 1 hour. The reaction solution was concentrated in vacuum underreduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purified with silica gelcolumn chromatography (methanol/dichloromethane) to give the targetproduct. [M+H]⁺ 259.0, 261.0

The intermediates in the following table were prepared withcorresponding materials and reagents according to the preparation stepsof intermediate I-107:

Structural LC-MS Intermediate formula [M + H]⁺ I-108

259.0, 261.0  I-127

285.0, 287.0  I-128

307.0, 309.0 

Compound 1 2-(5-((5-(ethyl(2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-3′-(hydroxymethyl)-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-[3,4′-bispyridin]-2′-yl)-7,7-dimethyl-7,8-dihydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-1(6H)-one

Step 1: Acetic acid(2′-(7,7-dimethyl-1-oxo-1,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-2-yl)-5-((5-(ethyl(2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-[3,4′-bispyridin]-3′-yl)methylester

Under nitrogen, to a solution of intermediate I-3 (126 mg, 0.33 mmol)and intermediate I-4 (134 mg, 0.33 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (5.0 mL) andwater (0.5 mL) was added Xphos (31 mg, 0.066 mmol), Pd(dppf)Cl₂ CH₂Cl₂(27 mg, 0.033 mmol) and potassium phosphate trihydrate (264 mg, 0.99mmol). The mixture was reacted at 100° C. for 4 hours, and then cooledto room temperature. The reaction solution was concentrated in vacuumunder reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purified withsilica gel column chromatography (methanol/water) to give the targetproduct. [M+H]⁺ 652.3

Step 2: 2-(5-((5-(ethyl(2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-3′-(hydroxymethyl)-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-[3,4′-bispyridin]-2′-yl)-7,7-dimethyl-7,8-dihydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-1(6H)-one

To a solution of acetic acid(2′-(7,7-dimethyl-1-oxo-1,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-2-yl)-5-((5-(ethyl(2-methoxyethyl)amino)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-[3,4′-bispyridin]-3′-yl)methylester obtained from step 1 in methanol (5 mL) was added potassiumcarbonate (137 mg, 0.99 mmol), which was reacted at room temperature for2 hours. The reaction solution was concentrated in vacuum under reducedpressure, and the resulting residue was purified with thin layerchromatography (methanol/dichloromethane=1/20) to give the targetproduct (100 mg, two-step yield 50%). [M+H]⁺ 610.3. ¹H NMR (400 MHz,CD₃OD): δ 8.57-8.51 (m, 1H), 8.42-8.37 (m, 1H), 7.77-7.74 (m, 1H),7.60-7.57 (m, 1H), 7.48-7.45 (m, 1H), 7.23-7.19 (m, 2H), 7.01-6.97 (m,1H), 6.95-6.91 (m, 1H), 6.80-6.76 (m, 1H), 4.61-4.57 (m, 1H), 4.50-4.45(m, 1H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 3.53-3.50 (m, 2H), 3.44-3.40 (m, 2H), 3.39-3.34(m, 2H), 3.32 (s, 3H), 2.78-2.69 (m, 2H), 2.66-2.57 (m, 2H), 1.30-1.27(m, 6H), 1.13-1.08 (m, 3H).

The compounds in the following table were prepared with correspondingintermediates and reagents according to the preparation steps ofcompound 1:

Com- LC-MS Inter- pound Structural formula [M + H]⁺ 1HNMR mediate  3

528.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.55 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.39 (s, 1H),7.73 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (s, 1H), 7.22 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 6.92(s, 1H), 6.81 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.84-4.78 (m, 1H), 4.54-4.49 (m, 1H),4.46-4.40 (m, 2H), 3.64 (s, 3H), 2.80-2.70 (m, 2H), 2.62 (s, 2H), 1.57-1.49 (m, 3H), 1.31-1.27 (m, 6H). I-5 and I-4  4

542.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.53 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.39 (s, 1H),7.71 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.57 (s, 1H), 7.20 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 6.91(s, 1H), 6.80 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 4.85-4.78 (m, 2H), 4.53-4.46 (m, 1H),3.63 (s, 3H), 2.79-2.69 (m, 2H), 2.61 (s, 2H), 1.61-1.53 (m, 6H), 1.31-1.26 (m, 6H). I-6 and I-4  5

678.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.66-8.60 (m, 2H), 8.10 (d, J = 2.7 Hz,1H), 7.69 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.57-7.51 (m, 1H), 7.25-7.15 (m, 2H),6.93 (s, 1H), 6.82 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 4.83-4.78 (m, 1H), 4.76-4.62 (m,5H), 4.57-4.50 (m, 1H), 3.89 (s, 3H), 3.85-3.75 (m, 1H), 3.38-3.33 (m,1H), 3.04-2.97 (m, 1H), 2.83-2.73 (m, 4H), 2.65-2.56 (m, 3H), 2.09-1.95(m, 1H), 1.31- 1.28 (m, 6H), 0.95-0.89 (m, 6H). I-7 and I-4  6

541.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/CDCl₃): δ 8.52 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.89(s, 1H), 7.72-7.66 (m, 1H), 7.51 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.43-7.38 (m, 1H),7.07 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 6.99 (s, 1H), 6.65 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H),4.79-4.71 (m, 1H), 4.52-4.43 (m, 2H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 2.78- 2.69 (m, 2H),2.61 (s, 2H), 1.59-1.54 (m, 6H), 1.29-1.26 (m, 6H). I-8 and I-4  7

542.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/CDCl₃): δ 8.60 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.97(s, 1H), 7.71-7.67 (m, 2H), 7.10-7.04 (m, 1H), 6.97 (s, 1H), 6.68 (d, J= 5.9 Hz, 1H), 4.84-4.74 (m, 1H), 4.59-4.54 (m, 2H), 3.89 (s, 3H), 2.78-2.68 (m, 2H), 2.61 (s, 2H), 1.60-1.55 (m, 6H), 1.29-1.27 (m, 6H). I-9and I-4  8

665.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.68 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 8.53 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.95 (d, J = 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.57 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.52(d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.46-7.41 (m, 1H), 7.21 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 7.02(d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.93 (s, 1H), 6.80-6.76 (m, 1H), 4.63-4.41 (m, 2H),3.68 (s, 3H), 3.60-3.50 (m, 2H), 3.44-3.39 (m, 1H), 3.37-3.33 (m, 3H),3.09- 2.96 (m, 2H), 2.80-2.72 (m, 3H), 2.71-2.65 (m, 1H), 2.64-2.54 (m,5H), 2.38-2.27 (m, 1H), 1.31- 1.25 (m, 6H), 0.92 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 3H).I-10 and I-4  9

649.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 7.85-7.79 (m, 1H), 7.72 (d, J = 5.1 Hz,1H), 7.09 (d, J = 2.8 Hz, 1H), 6.76 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 6.68 (d, J =2.0 Hz, 1H), 6.60-6.53 (m, 1H), 6.43-6.36 (m, 1H), 6.21-6.16 (m, 1H),6.11 (s, 1H), 6.01-5.94 (m, 1H), 3.94-3.86 (m, 2H), 3.84-3.75 (m, 3H),3.71- 3.63 (m, 1H), 2.87 (s, 3H), 2.78-2.66 (m, 1H), 2.36-2.30 (m, 4H),2.00- 1.87 (m, 2H), 1.85-1.78 (m, 2H), 1.73-1.66 (m, 4H), 0.50-0.44 (m,6H). I-11 and I-4  10

608.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.66 (s, 1H), 8.54 (s, 1H), 7.92 (s,1H), 7.62-7.48 (m, 2H), 7.41 (d, J = 7.3 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (d, J = 5.8 Hz,1H), 7.03 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.94 (s, 1H), 6.78 (d, J = 5.8 Hz, 1H),4.60 (d, J = 12.0 Hz, 1H), 4.49(d, J = 12.1 Hz, 1H), 3.91-3.62 (m, 6H),3.58-3.45 (m, 2H), 3.3.11-2.96 (m, 2H), 2.80-2.68 (m, 2H), 2.65-2.58 (s,2H), 1.33- 1.26(m, 6H), 0.95 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 3H). I-12 and I-4  11

677.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.55 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 1H), 8.37-8.30 (m,1H), 7.93-7.80 (m, 1H), 7.45-7.36 (m, 2H), 7.24-7.17 (m, 1H), 6.97 (d, J= 8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.93-6.88 (m, 1H), 6.85- 6.81 (m, 1H), 4.72-4.38 (m, 6H),3.75-3.65 (m, 3H), 3.53-3.37 (m, 2H), 3.09-2.95 (m, 2H), 2.78- 2.66 (m,2H), 2.62-2.51 (m, 3H), 2.50-2.39 (m, 2H), 2.22-2.10 (m, 4H), 1.27 (d, J= 7.9 Hz, 6H), 0.98-0.88 (m, 3H). I-13 and I-4  13

619.1 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.56 (m, 1H), 8.49 (m, 1H), 8.34 (s,1H), 8.03 (m, 1H), 7.61 (m, 1H), 7.17 (m, 1H), 6.91 (s, 1H), 6.79 (m,1H), 5.86 (s, 1H), 4.72 (m, 2H), 4.62 (m, 2H), 4.50 (m, 2H), 4.04 (m,2H), 3.73 (m, 1H), 3.56 (m, 2H), 2.83 (m, 2H), 2.71 (m, 2H), 2.59 (m,2H), 1.26 (m, 6H). I-15 and I-4  14

678.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.64-8.59 (m, 1H), 8.55 (s, 1H),8.07-7.99 (m, 1H), 7.72- 7.67 (m, 1H), 7.48-7.42 (m, 1H), 7.23-7.19 (m,1H), 7.18-7.12 (m, 1H), 6.92 (s, 1H), 6.84-6.78 (m, 1H), 4.79-4.74 (m,1H), 4.73-4.68 (m, 2H), 4.66-4.62 (m, 1H), 4.61- 4.57 (m, 1H), 4.56-4.49(m, 1H), 4.36-4.27 (m, 2H), 3.77-3.62 (m, 1H), 3.55-3.47 (m, 1H), 3.22-3.06 (m, 2H), 2.79-2.67 (m, 2H), 2.66-2.56 (m, 3H), 2.53-2.45 (m, 1H),2.39-2.33 (m, 2H), 1.45- 1.39 (m, 3H), 1.31-1.25 (m, 6H), 1.08-0.99 (m,3H). I-16 and I-4  15

581.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.56-8.48 (m, 1H), 8.17-8.11 (m, 1H),7.60-7.51 (m, 1H), 7.48-7.41 (m, 1H), 7.25- 7.18 (m, 1H), 6.92 (s, 1H),6.80-6.75 (m, 1H), 6.51 (s, 1H), 4.61-4.43 (m, 2H), 4.29-4.22 (m, 2H),3.84-3.74 (m, 2H), 3.67 (s, 3H), 3.09 (s, 3H), 2.78-2.68 (m, 2H),2.66-2.57 (m, 2H), 1.30- 1.27 (m, 6H). I-17 and I-4  16

577.1 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.59 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 1H), 8.51 (s, 1H),8.36 (s, 1H), 8.06 (s, 1H), 7.64 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.21 (d, J = 5.9Hz, 1H), 6.92 (s, 1H), 6.80 (d, J = 5.6 Hz, 1H), 5.89 (s, 1H), 4.52-4.48(m, 2H), 4.07-4.05 (m, 2H), 3.64-3.62 (m, 2H), 2.94-2.92 (m, 2H), 2.78-2.66 (m, 2H), 2.65-2.55 (m, 2H), 2.47 (s, 3H), 1.28-1.26 (m, 6H). I-18and I-4  17

563.1 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.60 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 1H), 8.51 (d, J =1.3 Hz, 1H), 8.37 (s, 1H), 8.02 (d, J = 1.3 Hz, 1H), 7.64 (d, J = 5.1Hz, 1H), 7.21 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 6.92 (s, 1H), 6.80 (d, J = 5.9 Hz,1H), 5.89 (s, 1H), 4.57-4.46 (m, 2H), 4.05-3.93 (m, 4H), 3.23 (t, J =5.6 Hz, 2H), 2.79-2.55 (m, 4H), 1.30- 1.26 (m, 6H). I-19 and I-4  18

551.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.53 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.47 (d, J =1.2 Hz, 1H), 8.32 (s, 1H), 7.92 (s, 1H), 7.58 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.53(d, J = 1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.15 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 6.85 (s, 1H), 6.72 (d, J= 5.9 Hz, 1H), 4.54-4.33 (m, 3H), 2.72-2.60 (m, 2H), 2.59-2.48 (m, 2H),1.55- 1.42 (m, 6H), 1.25-1.15 (m, 6H). I-20 and I-4  19

663.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.70-8.68 (m, 1H), 8.57 (d, J = 5.1 Hz,1H), 7.98-7.96 (m, 1H), 7.61 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.56-7.54 (m, 1H),7.48-7.44 (m, 1H), 7.24 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 7.06-7.04 (m, 1H), 6.96 (s,1H), 6.81 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 4.76-4.60 (m, 5H), 4.53-4.50 (m, 1H),3.70 (s, 3H), 3.55-3.51 (m, 2H), 3.15-3.03 (m, 2H), 2.82-2.70 (m, 2H),2.65-2.63 (m, 2H), 2.62- 2.55 (m, 1H), 2.50-2.48 (m, 2H), 2.25-2.21 (m,1H), 1.33-1.29 (m, 6H), 0.99 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 3H). I-14 and I-4  20

664.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.45 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.02-7.98 (m,1H), 7.85-7.83 (m, 1H), 7.67-7.65 (m, 1H), 7.55 (s, 1H), 7.42-7.37 (m,1H), 7.12 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 6.84 (s, 1H), 6.70 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H),4.64-4.45 (m, 5H), 4.40-4.36 (m, 1H), 3.66-3.64 (m, 1H), 3.55 (s, 3H),3.44-3.34 (m, 1H), 3.09-3.01 (m, 2H), 2.70-2.59 (m, 2H), 2.52- 2.50 (m,3H), 2.38-2.25 (m, 2H), 2.21-2.19 (m, 1H), 1.21-1.19 (m, 6H), 0.95 (d, J= 6.3 Hz, 3H). I-22 and I-4  21

673.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.73-8.71 (m, 1H), 8.64-8.60 (m, 2H),8.40 (s, 1H), 7.99 (d, J = 2.6 Hz, 1H), 7.67 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 1H),7.49-7.45 (m, 1H), 7.22 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 7.08 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H),6.95 (s, 1H), 6.83 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 4.74-4.70 (m, 2H), 4.66-4.48 (m,4H), 3.63-3.46 (m, 2H), 3.17- 3.03 (m, 2H), 2.81-2.69 (m, 2H), 2.63-2.59(m, 2H), 2.56-2.54 (m, 2H), 2.44-2.42 (m, 1H), 2.28- 2.26 (m, 1H),1.32-1.28 (m, 6H), 1.01 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 3H). I-23 and I-4  22

664.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.53 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 1H), 8.46 (s, 1H),7.94 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.39-7.35 (m, 1H),7.12-7.08 (m, 2H), 6.84 (s, 1H), 6.72 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 4.65-4.45 (m,6H), 3.66-3.55 (m, 1H), 3.45-3.36 (m, 1H), 3.07- 3.03 (m, 2H), 2.71-2.59(m, 2H), 2.53-2.50 (m, 3H), 2.41-2.39 (m, 1H), 2.29-2.25 (m, 2H), 1.22-1.18 (m, 6H), 0.95 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 3H). I-24 and I-4  23

690.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.59 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.33 (s, 1H),8.04 (s, 1H), 7.97 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.66 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 1H),7.48-7.46 (m, 1H), 7.28- 7.18 (m, 2H), 7.06 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.93(s, 1H), 6.80 (d, J = 5.4 Hz, 1H), 4.72-4.68 (m, 2H), 4.64-4.56 (m, 3H),4.50-4.48 (m, 1H), 3.59- 3.45 (m, 2H), 3.16-3.02 (m, 2H), 2.78-2.42 (m,7H), 2.26-2.24 (m, 1H), 1.29-1.27 (m, 6H), 0.99 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 3H).I-25 and I-4  24

527.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.54 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.91 (s, 1H),7.62-7.57 (m, 2H), 7.48-7.46 (m, 1H), 7.23 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 6.94 (s,1H), 6.77 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 4.56-4.47 (m, 2H), 4.38 (q, J = 7.3 Hz,2H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 2.76- 2.72 (m, 2H), 2.62-2.58 (m, 2H), 1.51 (t, J =7.4 Hz, 3H), 1.30-1.27 (m, 6H). I-26 and I-4  25

528.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.60 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.92 (s, 1H),7.69 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.61 (s, 1H), 7.21 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 6.92(s, 1H), 6.79 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 4.72-4.70 (m, 1H), 4.51-4.49 (m, 1H),4.41 (q, J = 7.3 Hz, 2H), 3.87 (s, 3H), 2.80-2.68 (m, 2H), 2.66-2.55 (m,2H), 1.52 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 3H), 1.30-1.27 (m, 6H). I-27 and I-4  26

621.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.69 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 8.55 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.96 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.53(d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.46- 7.44 (m, 1H), 7.22 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 7.03(d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.94 (s, 1H), 6.79 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 4.63-4.42(m, 2H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.44-3.40 (m, 1H), 3.10-3.01 (m, 2H), 2.79-2.70(m, 3H), 2.65-2.52 (m, 4H), 2.36- 2.27 (m, 4H), 1.31-1.27 (m, 6H), 0.94(d, J = 6.4 Hz, 3H). I-28 and I-4  27

677.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.73 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 8.55 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.00 (d, J = 2.6 Hz, 1H), 7.62-7.53 (m, 2H), 7.51-7.47 (m,1H), 7.22 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 7.04 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.94 (s, 1H),6.79 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 4.75-4.71 (m, 1H), 4.70- 4.57 (m, 4H),4.50-4.48 (m, 1H), 3.79-3.77 (m, 1H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.26- 3.14 (m, 1H),2.92-2.89 (m, 1H), 2.80-2.57 (m, 6H), 2.55-2.45 (m, 1H), 1.96-1.92 (m,1H), 1.31- 1.27 (m, 6H), 0.90-0.87 (m, 6H). I-2 and I-4, Steps 5  28

513.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.52 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.83 (s, 1H),7.59-7.55 (m, 2H), 7.47-7.45 (m, 1H), 7.24- 7.20 (m, 1H), 6.93-6.91 (m,1H), 6.78-6.74 (m, 1H), 4.52-4.46 (m, 2H), 4.04 (s, 3H), 3.69 (s, 3H),2.79-2.67 (m, 2H), 2.66-2.56 (m, 2H), 1.29- 1.26 (m, 6H). I-29 and I-4 29

514.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.59 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 1H), 7.86 (s, 1H),7.68 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.61-7.59 (m, 1H), 7.22-7.20 (m, 1H), 6.91-6.59 (m, 1H), 6.81-6.76 (m, 1H), 4.74-4.46 (m, 2H), 4.07 (s, 3H), 3.86(s, 3H), 2.78-2.68 (m, 2H), 2.66-2.56 (m, 2H), 1.30-1.28 (m, 6H). I-30and I-4  30

581.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.55 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.01 (s, 1H),7.71 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.50 (d, J = 2.0 Hz,1H), 7.24 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 6.94 (s, 1H), 6.78 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H),5.28-5.21 (m, 2H), 4.58-4.46 (m, 2H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 2.75 (d, J = 2.8 Hz,2H), 2.63 (s, 2H), 1.29 (d, J = 5.6 Hz, 6H). I-31 and I-4  31

545.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.56 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.16 (d, J =2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.50 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.48(m, 1H), 7.23 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 6.94 (s, 1H), 6.8.0 (d, J = 6.0 Hz,1H), 4.79-4.76 (m, 1H), 4.65-4.47 (m, 5H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 2.75 (d, J =3.2 Hz, 2H), 2.63 (s, 2H), 1.29 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 6H). I-32 and I-4  32

546.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD-d₄): δ 8.63 (d, J = 4.8 Hz, 1H), 8.04 (s,1H), 7.68 (d, J = 4.8 Hz, 1H), 7.57 (s, 1H), 7.23 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H),6.93 (s, 1H), 6.82 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.82-4.73 (m, 3H), 4.70-4.66 (m,1H), 4.64-4.60 (m, 1H), 4.52 (d, J = 12.4 Hz, 1H), 3.89 (s, 3H), 2.75(d, J = 2.4 Hz, 2H), 2.63 (s, 2H), 1.30 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 6H). I-33 andI-4  33

582.1 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD-d₄): δ 8.62 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.04 (s,1H), 7.75 (s, 1H), 7.70 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H),6.93 (s, 1H), 6.81 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 5.33-5.27 (m, 2H), 4.74 (d, J =12.4 Hz, 1H), 4.51 (d, J = 12.8 Hz, 1H), 3.89 (s, 3H), 2.74 (s, 2H),2.62 (s, 2H), 1.29 (d, J = 4.8 Hz, 6H). I-34 and I-4  34

663.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.87 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H), 8.56 (d, J =5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.18 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.62-7.56 (m, 3H), 7.23 (d, J =6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.12 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.94 (s, 1H), 6.79 (d, J = 6.0Hz, 1H), 4.76-4.73 (m, 3H), 4.66-4.59 (m, 3H), 4.49 (d, J = 12.4 Hz,1H), 3.74 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H), 3.72 (s, 3H), 3.71-3.67 (m, 1H), 3.21 (s,2H), 2.83-2.78 (m, 2H), 2.75 (d, J = 3.2 Hz, 2H), 2.63 (s, 2H), 1.29 (d,J = 6.4 Hz, 6H). I-35 and I-4  35

594.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.55 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.51 (d, J =2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.53 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.48(d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.23 (d, J = 5.6 Hz, 1H), 7.02- 6.90 (m, 3H), 6.79(d, J = 5.6 Hz, 1H), 4.60 (d, J = 12.0 Hz, 1H), 4.48 (d, J = 12.0 Hz,1H), 4.36-4.31 (m, 1H), 4.14-4.04 (m, 2H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.63-3.60 (m,2H), 3.34 (s, 3H), 2.74 (d, J = 3.6 Hz, 2H), 2.62 (s, 2H), 1.29 (d, J =6.4 Hz, 6H). I-36 and I-4  36

646.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.83 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H), 8.56 (d, J =5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.29 (s, 1H), 7.73-7.71(m, 1H), 7.61 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H),7.57 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.23 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.04 (d, J = 8.4 Hz,1H), 6.94 (s, 1H), 6.80 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 6.10 (s, 1H), 4.75-4.72 (m,2H), 4.68-4.60 (m, 3H), 4.50 (d, J = 12.4 Hz, 1H), 3.71 (s, 3H),3.68-3.62 (m, 1H), 3.07 (s, 2H), 2.74 (d, J = 3.2 Hz, 2H), 2.65-2.56 (m,6H), 1.29 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 6H). I-37 and I-4  37

641.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.89 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H), 8.57 (d, J =5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.50 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.91- 7.88 (m, 1H), 7.62-7.58 (m,4H), 7.50 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.24 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.13 (d, J =8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.94 (s, 1H), 6.81 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 5.12-5.09 (m, 2H),4.79- 4.75 (m, 2H), 4.63 (d, J = 12.0 Hz, 1H), 4.51 (d, J = 12.0 Hz,1H), 4.34-4.27 (m, 1H), 3.72 (s, 3H), 2.74 (d, J = 3.6 Hz, 2H), 2.62 (s,2H), 1.29 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 6H). I-38 and I-4  40

474.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.52 (d, J = 4.8 Hz, 1H), 7.53 (d, J =5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.23-7.21 (m, 2H), 6.93 (s, 1H), 6.76 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H),6.66 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H), 4.54 (d, J = 11.6 Hz, 1H), 4.46 (d, J = 12.0Hz, 1H), 3.64 (s, 3H), I-40 and I-4 3.61-3.56 (m, 1H), 2.74 (d, J = 3.6Hz, 2H), 2.62 (s, 2H), 1.29 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 6H), 1.23 (m, 6H).  41

594.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.62 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H), 8.54 (d, J =5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.64 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.57 (d, J = 4.8 Hz, 1H), 7.50(d, J = 1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.25-7.16 (m, 2H), 6.99 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H),6.93(s, 1H), 6.78 (d, J = 5.6 Hz, 1H), 4.84-4.81 (m, 2H), 4.64- 4.57 (m,3H), 4.52-4.40 (m, 2H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 2.78 (s, 3H), 2.74 (d, J = 3.2 Hz,2H), 2.62 (s, 2H), 1.29 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 6H). I-41 and I-4  42

572.4 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.58-8.53 (m, 1H), 8.43-8.38 (m, 1H),7.76-7.73 (m, 1H), 7.62-7.59 (m, 1H), 7.24- 7.20 (m, 1H), 6.95-6.90 (m,1H), 6.84-6.79 (m, 1H), 4.86-4.81 (m, 2H), 4.54-4.49 (m, 1H), 3.82- 3.74(m, 1H), 3.72-3.68 (m, 1H), 3.65 (s, 3H), 3.29-3.27 (m, 3H), 2.79- 2.70(m, 2H), 2.67-2.58 (m, 2H), 1.59-1.54 (m, 3H), 1.31-1.28 (m, 6H). I-42and I-4  43

664.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.57-8.53 (m, 1H), 8.53-8.50 (m, 1H),8.11-8.06 (m, 1H), 7.85-7.81 (m, 1H), 7.58- 7.55 (m, 1H), 7.52-7.49 (m,1H), 7.24-7.20 (m, 1H), 6.95-6.92 (m, 1H), 6.81-6.76 (m, 1H), 4.72- 4.68(m, 2H), 4.67-4.64 (m, 1H), 4.62-4.57 (m, 2H), 4.51-4.46 (m, 1H),4.41-4.34 (m, 1H), 3.82- 3.75 (m, 1H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.50-3.43 (m, 1H),3.18-3.11 (m, 1H), 2.84- 2.79 (m, 1H), 2.78-2.69 (m, 2H), 2.67-2.58 (m,3H), 2.26-2.18 (m, 1H), 2.09-2.00 (m, 1H), 1.31- 1.28 (m, 6H), 1.23-1.19(m, 3H). I-43 and I-4  44

664.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.81-8.75 (m, 1H), 8.58-8.54 (m, 1H),8.33-8.28 (m, 2H), 7.62-7.60 (m, 1H), 7.59- 7.57 (m, 1H), 7.25-7.20 (m,1H), 6.96-6.92 (m, 1H), 6.82-6.77 (m, 1H), 4.73-4.68 (m, 2H), 4.66- 4.57(m, 3H), 4.52-4.46 (m, 1H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 3.65-3.58 (m, 1H), 3.55- 3.46(m, 1H), 3.19-3.07 (m, 2H), 2.80-2.69 (m, 2H), 2.67-2.58 (m, 2H),2.58-2.50 (m, 2H), 2.46- 2.38 (m, 1H), 2.33-2.24 (m, 1H), 1.31-1.28 (m,6H), 1.07-1.01 (m, 3H). I-44 and I-4  45

608.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.57-8.51 (m, 1H), 8.40-8.34 (m, 1H),7.73-7.69 (m, 1H), 7.60-7.57 (m, 1H), 7.48- 7.44 (m, 1H), 7.25-7.20 (m,1H), 7.13-7.08 (m, 1H), 6.98-6.89 (m, 2H), 6.81-6.75 (m, 1H), 4.60- 4.57(m, 1H), 4.50-4.45 (m, 1H), 3.95-3.90 (m, 1H), 3.81-3.75 (m, 1H), 3.70(s, 3H), 3.50-3.44 (m, 1H), 3.41-3.35 (m, 1H), 3.26-3.20 (m, 1H),2.96-2.69 (m, 2H), 2.67- 2.34 (m, 2H), 2.07-2.00 (m, 1H), 1.81-1.71 (m,1H), 1.69-1.59 (m, 1H), I-45 and I-4 1.56-1.46 (m, 1H), 1.31- 1.28 (m,6H).  46

638.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.56-8.51 (m, 1H), 8.38-8.34 (m, 1H),7.72-7.68 (m, 1H), 7.59-7.56 (m, 1H), 7.47- 7.43 (m, 1H), 7.24-7.20 (m,1H), 7.12-7.07 (m, 1H), 6.97-6.88 (m, 2H), 6.81-6.75 (m, 1H), 4.61- 4.57(m, 1H), 4.50-4.45 (m, 1H), 4.12-4.06 (m, 1H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 3.52- 3.49(m, 2H), 3.40-3.35 (m, 1H), 3.34-3.32 (m, 1H), 3.11-3.03 (m, 1H),2.96-2.69 (m, 2H), 2.67- 2.34 (m, 2H), 2.20-2.12 (m, 1H), 1.76-1.67 (m,1H), 1.48-1.38 (m, 2H), 1.32-1.28 (m, 6H). I-46 and I-4  47

622.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.96-8.92 (m, 1H), 8.57-8.55 (m, 1H),8.34-8.32 (m, 1H), 7.71-7.67 (m, 1H), 7.63- 7.61 (m, 1H), 7.60-7.57 (m,1H), 7.24-7.22 (m, 1H), 7.12-7.09 (m, 1H), 6.95-6.92 (m, 1H), 6.80- 6.78(m, 1H), 4.62-4.58 (m, 1H), 4.51-4.47 (m, 1H), 3.75-3.58 (m, 11H),2.80-2.69 (m, 2H), 2.67- 2.58 (m, 2H), 1.30-1.28 (m, 6H). I-47 and I-4 48

635.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.95-8.92 (m, 1H), 8.57-8.54 (m, 1H),8.33-8.30 (m, 1H), 7.69 7.66 (m, 1H), 7.63 7.61 (m, 1H), 7.59 7.57 (m,1H), 7.24-7.21 (m, 1H), 7.11-7.08 (m, 1H), 6.94-6.92 (m, 1H), 6.80- 6.77(m, 1H), 4.62-4.57 (m, 1H), 4.51-4.46 (m, 1H), 3.76-3.56 (m, 7H),2.79-2.69 (m, 2H), 2.66- 2.58 (m, 2H), 2.54-2.40 (m, 4H), 2.31 (s, 3H),1.30-1.27 (m, 6H). I-48 and I-4  49

650.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.64-8.60 (m, 1H), 8.60-8.58 (m, 1H),8.06-8.01 (m, 1H), 7.72-7.68 (m, 1H), 7.48- 7.43 (m, 1H), 7.23-7.19 (m,1H), 7.18-7.14 (m, 1H), 6.94-6.91 (m, 1H), 6.82-6.79 (m, 1H), 4.74- 4.68(m, 3H), 4.66-4.57 (m, 2H), 4.53-4.47 (m, 1H), 3.76-3.65 (m, 1H),3.53-3.45 (m, 1H), 3.21- 3.06 (m, 2H), 2.79-2.67 (m, 2H), 2.66-2.61 (m,2H), 2.61-2.55 (m, 1H), 2.51-2.45 (m, 1H), 2.38- 2.31 (m, 2H), 1.29-1.28(m, 6H), 1.06-1.01 (m, 3H). I-49 and I-4  50

596.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.56-8.51 (m, 1H), 8.45-8.40 (m, 1H),7.78-7.74 (m, 1H), 7.60-7.56 (m, 1H), 7.49- 7.45 (m, 1H), 7.25-7.20 (m,2H), 7.01-6.96 (m, 1H), 6.95-6.91 (m, 1H), 6.80-6.75 (m, 1H), 4.62- 4.56(m, 1H), 4.50-4.44 (m, 1H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 3.56-3.52 (m, 2H), 3.47- 3.42(m, 2H), 3.32 (s, 3H), 2.92 (s, 3H), 2.78- 2.69 (m, 2H), 2.66-2.57 (m,2H), 1.30-1.26 (m, 6H). I-50 and I-4  51

624.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.57-8.52 (m, 1H), 8.51-8.45 (m, 1H),7.89-7.81 (m, 1H), 7.61-7.57 (m, 1H), 7.50- 7.46 (m, 1H), 7.34-7.29 (m,1H), 7.24-7.20 (m, 1H), 7.02-6.97 (m, 1H), 6.96-6.90 (m, 1H), 6.81- 6.75(m, 1H), 4.62-4.56 (m, 1H), 4.51-4.45 (m, 1H), 3.89-3.79 (m, 1H), 3.70(s, 3H), 3.46-3.40 (m, 2H), 3.35-3.31 (m, 5H), 2.79-2.69 (m, 2H),2.66-2.57 (m, 2H), 1.30- 1.27 (m, 6H), 1.17-1.11 (m, 6H). I-51 and I-4 80

663.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.68 (d, J = 2.1 Hz, 1H), 8.55 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.95 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.53(d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.46-7.42 (m, 1H), 7.22 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 7.03(d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.93 (s, 1H), 6.78 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 4.75-4.41(m, 6H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.53-2.49 (m, 2H), 3.14-2.96 (m, 2H), 2.80-2.68(m, 2H), 2.65- 2.40 (m, 5H), 2.22-2.18 (m, 1H), 1.30-1.28 (m, 6H), 0.97(d, J = 6.3 Hz, 3H). I-76 and I-4  81

512.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/CDCl₃ = 1/1) δ 8.55-8.50 (m, 1H), 7.91-7.87 (m, 1H), 7.54-7.52 (m, 1H), 7.48-7.45 (m, 1H), 7.34-7.31 (m, 1H),7.11-7.07 (m, 1H), 6.97- 6.93 (m, 1H), 6.71-6.66 (m, 1H), 6.02-5.97 (m,1H), 4.56-4.50 (m, 1H), 4.46-4.39 (m, 1H), 3.77 (s, 3H), 3.68 (s, 3H),2.76-2.66 (m, 2H), 2.65- 2.55 (m, 2H), 1.29-1.25 I-100 and I-4 (m, 6H). 82

526.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.55-8.48 (m, 1H), 7.92-7.85 (m, 1H),7.58-7.53 (m, 1H), 7.43- 7.38 (m, 1H), 7.23-7.18 (m, 1H), 6.96-6.88 (m,1H), 6.80-6.73 (m, 1H), 5.89-5.82 (m, 1H), 4.59- 4.53 (m, 1H), 4.49-4.42(m, 1H), 3.67 (s, 3H), 3.64 (s, 3H), 2.79-2.67 (m, 2H), 2.66-2.55 (m,2H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 1.30- 1.26 (m, 6H). I-101 and I-4  83

510.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.93 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H), 8.66 (s, 1H),8.56 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.26 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.72 (d, J = 2.4 Hz,1H), 7.58 (d, J = 4.8 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.07 (d, J =6.0 Hz, 1H), 6.93 (s, 1H), 6.79 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.59 (d, J = 12.0Hz, 1H), 4.48 (d, J = 12.0 Hz, I-102 and I-4 1H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 2.73 (d,J = 3.2 Hz, 2H), 2.62 (s, 2H), 1.28 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 6H).  84

510.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.95 (d, J = 1.9 Hz, 1H), 8.64 (d, J =4.4 Hz, 1H), 8.55 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.77 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.60(d, J = 4.8 Hz, 1H), 7.48-7.45 (m, 1H), 7.39 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.14(d, J = 6.4 Hz, 1H), 6.95 (s, 1H), 6.73 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.56 (d, J= 12.0 Hz, 1H), 4.45 (d, J = 12.4 I-103 and I-4 Hz, 1H), 3.73 (s, 3H),2.72 (s, 2H), 2.61 (s, 2H), 1.28 (d, J = 3.6 Hz, 6H).  85

524.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.93 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H), 8.56 (d, J =5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.71 (d, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.62 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.40(d, J = 4.0 Hz, 2H), 7.22 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 6.93 (s, 1H), 6.78 (d, J= 5.6 Hz, 1H), 4.59 (d, J = 12.0 Hz, 1H), 4.49 (d, J = 12.1 Hz, 1H),3.72 (s, 3H), 2.74 (d, J = 2.6 Hz, 2H), 2.62 (s, 2H), 2.53 (s, 3H), 1.29(d, J = I-104 and I-4 5.6 Hz, 6H).  86

512.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.53-8.48 (m, 1H), 7.76-7.70 (m, 1H),7.53-7.46 (m, 2H), 7.32- 7.28 (m, 1H), 7.24-7.20 (m, 1H), 7.06-7.01 (m,1H), 6.95-6.90 (m, 1H), 6.77-6.72 (m, 1H), 4.55- 4.42 (m, 2H), 3.83 (s,3H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 2.79- 2.68 (m, 2H), 2.67-2.56 (m, 2H), 1.30-1.27 (m,6H). I-105 and I-4  87

513.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.58-8.53 (m, 1H), 8.16-8.11 (m, 1H),7.63-7.57 (m, 2H), 7.24- 7.20 (m, 1H), 6.95-6.91 (m, 1H), 6.80-6.77 (m,1H), 6.06-6.01 (m, 1H), 4.60-4.44 (m, 2H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 2.81-2.68 (m,2H), 2.67-2.56 (m, 2H), 2.33 (s, 3H), 1.30-1.27 (m, 6H). I-106 and I-4 88

488.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.62-8.57 (m, 1H), 8.57-8.52 (m, 1H),7.82-7.77 (m, 1H), 7.55- 7.52 (m, 1H), 7.24-7.19 (m, 1H), 6.95-6.90 (m,1H), 6.80-6.75 (m, 1H), 4.56-4.41 (m, 2H), 3.67 (s, 3H), 2.78-2.68 (m,2H), 2.66-2.56 (m, 2H), 2.52-2.45 (m, 2H), 1.30- 1.26 (m, 6H), 1.21-1.15I-107 and I-4 (m, 3H).  89

500.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.59-8.50 (m, 2H), 7.82-7.75 (m, 1H),7.55-7.50 (m, 1H), 7.24- 7.17 (m, 1H), 6.95-6.88 (m, 1H), 6.80-6.73 (m,1H), 4.57-4.39 (m, 2H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 2.78-2.68 (m, 2H), 2.66-2.56 (m,2H), 2.01-1.88 (m, 1H), 1.31-1.25 (m, 6H), 0.97- 0.85 (m, 4H). I-108 andI-4  90

527.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/CDCl₃ = 1.1) δ 8.74-8.69 (m, 1H), 8.57-8.52 (m, 1H), 8.07-8.03 (m, 1H), 7.62-7.61 (m, 1H), 7.55-7.53 (m, 1H),7.40-7.34 (m, 1H), 7.11- 7.07 (m, 1H), 7.00-6.94 (m, 2H), 6.71-6.68 (m,1H), 4.56-4.41 (m, 2H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 2.77-2.65 (m, 2H), 2.65-2.56 (m,2H), 1.29-1.25 (m, 6H). I-109 and I-4  91

677.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.64-8.60 (m, 1H), 8.56-8.52 (m, 1H),7.92-7.87 (m, 1H), 7.60- 7.56 (m, 1H), 7.52-7.49 (m, 1H), 7.42-7.37 (m,1H), 7.23-7.20 (m, 1H), 7.04-6.98 (m, 1H), 6.94- 6.91 (m, 1H), 6.80-6.75(m, 1H), 4.73-4.67 (m, 2H), 4.65-4.59 (m, 2H), 4.58-4.56 (m, 1H), 4.51-4.44 (m, 1H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 3.52-3.45 (m, 1H), 3.41-3.34 (m, 1H), 3.16-3.05 (m, 2H), 2.78- 2.68 (m, 2H), 2.66-2.54 (m, 3H), 2.50-2.38 (m, 2H),2.35-2.26 (m, 1H), 1.70-1.58 (m, 1H), 1.42- 1.33 (m, 1H), 1.30-1.26 (m,6H), 0.86-0.079 (m, 3H). I-110 and I-4  94

664.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.67 (d, J = 2.1 Hz, 1H), 8.55 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.52(d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (dd, J = 9.0, 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (d, J = 5.9Hz, 1H), 7.02 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.93 (s, 1H), 6.78 (d, J = 5.9 Hz,1H), 4.72-4.46 (m, 6H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.53-3.45 (m, 1H), 3.12- 2.99 (m,2H), 2.79-2.68 (m, 2H), 2.65-2.60 (m, 2H), 2.60-2.54 (m, 1H), 2.51-2.43(m, 1H), 2.26- 2.16 (m, 1H), 1.28 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 6H), 0.96 (d, J = 6.3Hz, 3H). I-111 and I-4  95

677.4 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.75 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 8.56 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.02 (d, J = 2.6 Hz, 1H), 7.60 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.55(d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.50-7.48 (m, 1H), 7.23 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 7.00(d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.94 (s, 1H), 6.79 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 4.70-4.50(m, 6H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 3.45-3.43 (m, 1H), 3.15-3.13 (m, 2H), 2.79-2.68(m, 2H), 2.67- 2.57 (m, 2H), 2.44-2.42 (m, 2H), 2.25-2.15 (m, 2H),1.29-1.27 (m, 6H), 1.07-1.05 (m, 6H). I-112 and I-4  97

666.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.68 (d, J = 2.1 Hz, 1H), 8.55 (d, J =5.0 Hz, 1H), 7.95 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.52(d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (dd, J = 8.9, 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (d, J = 5.9Hz, 1H), 7.03 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.93 (s, 1H), 6.78 (d, J = 5.9 Hz,1H), 4.72-4.47 (m, 6H), 3.56-3.44 (m, 2H), 3.14-3.01 (m, 2H), 2.79-2.69(m, 2H), 2.66- 2.59 (m, 2H), 2.59-2.54 (m, 1H), 2.50-2.4.3 (m, 2H),2.26-2.14 (m, 1H), 1.29 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 6H), 0.97 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 3H).I-81 and I-4  99

625.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.57-8.52 (m, 1H), 8.12-8.07 (m, 1H),7.58-7.55 (m, 1H), 7.46-7.42 (m, 1H), 7.25- 7.20 (m, 1H), 6.95-6.90 (m,1H), 6.81-6.75 (m, 1H), 6.27-6.21(m, 1H), 4.60-4.54 (m, 1H), 4.50-4.44(m, 1H), 3.79 (s, 3H), 3.75-3.61 (m, 11H), 2.78-2.68 (m, 2H), 2.66-2.56(m, 2H), 1.30- 1.27 (m, 6H). I-165 and I-4 102

646.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.68 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H), 8.55 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.52(d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.43 (dd, J = 8.9, 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (d, J = 5.9Hz, 1H), 7.02 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.93 (s, 1H), 6.78 (dd, J = 5.9, 0.6Hz, 1H), 4.66-4.43 (m, 2H), 3.75-3.63 (m, 5H), 3.62- 3.50 (m, 1H),3.14-3.03 (m, 2H), 2.83-2.58 (m, 7H), 2.54-2.46 (m, 1H), 1.28 (d, J =6.5 Hz, 6H), 0.97 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 3H). I-113 and I-4 106

595.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/CDCl₃ = 2/1) δ 8.57-8.52 (m, 2H), 8.31-8.27 (m, 1H), 7.62-7.59 (m, 1H), 7.57-7.53 (m, 1H), 7.50-7.46 (m, 1H),7.20-7.16 (m, 1H), 7.07- 7.04 (m, 1H), 6.96-6.92 (m, 1H), 4.85-4.81 (m,2H), 4.66-4.62 (m, 2H), 4.56-4.43 (m, 3H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 2.84-2.79 (m,2H), 2.78 (s, 3H), 2.66- 2.60 (m, 2H), 1.30 (s, 6H). I-41 and I-114 107

612.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.55-8.49 (m, 1H), 8.41-8.36 (m, 1H),7.97-7.90 (m, 1H), 7.58- 7.55 (m, 1H), 7.41-7.36 (m, 1H), 7.70-6.99 (m,1H), 5.90-5.78 (m, 1H), 4.59-4.49 (m, 2H), 4.04- 3.97 (m, 2H), 3.72-3.68(m, 2H), 3.66 (s, 3H), 3.59-3.55 (m, 2H), 3.33 (s, 3H), 3.04-2.97 (m,2H), 2.85-2.80 (m, 2H), 2.78-2.72 (m, 2H), 2.63 (s, 2H), 1.29 (s, 6H).I-115 and I-114 108

632.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.71 (d, J = 1.8 Hz, 1H), 8.55 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.53(d, J = 1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.43 (dd, J = 8.8, 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (d, J = 5.9Hz, 1H), 7.03 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.93 (s, 1H), 6.78 (d, J = 6.0 Hz,1H), 4.64- 4.45 (m, 2H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.58-3.33 (m, 4H), 3.15-3.09 (m,3H), 2.79- 2.69 (m, 2H), 2.66-2.55 (m, 2H), 1.28 (d, J = 6.5 Hz, 6H),0.98 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 3H). I-116 and I-4 109

675.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.52 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 1H), 8.43 (s, 1H),7.63 (s, 1H), 7.56 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.45 (d, J = 2.1 Hz, 1H), 7.20(d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 7.08 (dd, J = 9.0, 2.8 Hz, 1H), 6.99 (d, J = 8.7Hz, 1H), 6.92 (s, 1H), 6.76 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 4.77-4.67 (m, 4H),4.60-4.44 (m, 2H), 4.24-4.14 (m, 1H), 4.08-3.97 (m, 1H), 3.68 (s, 3H),3.54-3.40 (m, 2H), 3.24-3.15 (m, 1H), 3.02-2.92 (m, 1H), 2.77- 2.69 (m,2H), 2.68-2.57 (m, 3H), 2.29-2.16 (m, 1H), 2.00-1.90 (m, 2H), 1.66-1.55(m, 1H), 1.27 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 6H). I-117 and I-4 110

626.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.58-8.47 (m, 1H), 8.45-8.34 (m, 1H),7.99-7.88 (m, 1H), 7.61- 7.51 (m, 1H), 7.43-7.33 (m, 1H), 7.08-6.98 (m,1H), 5.95-5.85 (m, 1H), 4.62-4.47 (m, 2H), 4.03- 3.91 (m, 2H), 3.81-3.74(m, 1H), 3.67 (s, 3H), 3.59-3.51 (m, 2H), 3.38- 3.31 (m, 4H), 2.98-2.86(m, 2H), 2.86-2.78 (m, 2H), 2.73-2.65 (m, 1H), 2.65-2.58 (m, 2H), 1.43-1.36 (m, 3H), 1.29 (s, 6H). I-118 and I-114 111

625.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.55 (s, 1H), 8.02-7.91 (m, 1H), 7.56(s, 1H), 7.41 (d, J = 1.9 Hz, 1H), 7.20 (d, J = 5.8 Hz, 1H), 6.92 (s,1H), 6.76 (d, J = 5.8 Hz, 1H), 5.86 (s, 1H), 4.52-4.48 (m, 2H),3.99-3.95 (m, 2H), 3.84-3.72 (m, 1H), 3.67 (s, 3H), 3.59-3.46 (m, 2H),3.37-3.35 (m, 1H), 3.33 (s, 3H), 2.97- 2.83 (m, 2H), 2.78-2.56 (m, 5H),1.40 (d, J = 6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.29-1.26 (m, 6H). I-118 and I-4 112

623.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.49 (d, J = 4.6 Hz, 1H), 7.97 (d, J =0.7 Hz, 1H), 7.53 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (d, J = 1.3 Hz, 1H), 7.18(d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 6.91 (s, 1H), 6.75 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 5.87 (s,1H), 4.72- 4.64 (m, 4H), 4.56-4.43 (m, 2H), 4.05-3.89 (m, 3H), 3.78-3.76(m, 1H), 3.63 (s, 3H), 3.19-3.09 (m, 1H), 2.82-2.54 (m, 5H), 1.27-1.23(m, 9H). I-119 and I-4 115

625.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.52 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.95 (d, J =2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.56 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.42 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.21(d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 6.92 (s, 1H), 6.76 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 5.84 (s,1H), 4.58- 4.42 (m, 2H), 3.98 (t, J = 5.5 Hz, 2H), 3.86- 3.74 (m, 2H),3.67 (s, 3H), 3.53-3.51 (m, 1H), 3.41-3.39 (m, 1H), 3.32 (s, 3H),3.11-2.91 (m, 3H), 2.79-2.67 (m, 2H), 2.67-2.55 (m, 2H), 1.30- 1.26 (m,6H), 1.10 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 3H). I-120 and I-4 118

624.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.56-8.52 (m, 1H), 8.42-8.38 (m, 1H),7.98-7.93 (m, 1H), 7.60- 7.57 (m, 1H), 7.41-7.38 (m, 1H), 7.06-7.02 (m,1H), 5.92-5.89 (m, 1H), 4.72-4.68 (m, 3H), 4.65- 4.62 (m, 1H), 4.59-4.51(m, 2H), 4.06-4.00 (m, 1H), 3.99-3.94 (m, 2H), 3.84-3.78 (m, 1H), 3.68(s, 3H), 3.21-3.15 (m, 1H), 2.86-2.79 (m, 3H), 2.66-2.62 (m, 2H), 1.30(s, 6H), 1.29-1.27 (m, 3H). I-119 and I-114 121

640.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.56-8.51 (m, 1H), 7.96-7.92 (m, 1H),7.59-7.57 (m, 1H), 7.42-7.38 (m, 1H), 7.06- 7.02 (m, 1H), 5.93-5.89 (m,1H), 4.59-4.50 (m, 2H), 4.02-3.94 (m, 2H), 3.83-3.75 (m, 1H), 3.68 (s,3H), 3.59-3.53 (m, 2H), 3.40-3.35 (m, 1H), 3.07-3.02 (m, 2H), 3.00- 2.86(m, 2H), 2.73-2.65 (m, 1H), 2.63-2.60 (m, 5H), 1.43-1.38 (m, 3H), 1.31(s, 6H). I-118 and I-121 122

610.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.56-8.51 (m, 1H), 8.42-8.38 (m, 1H),7.98-7.94 (m, 1H), 7.60-7.56 (m, 1H), 7.42- 7.38 (m, 1H), 7.06-7.02 (m,1H), 5.88-5.85 (m, 1H), 4.75-4.72 (m, 2H), 4.64-4.61 (m, 2H), 4.58- 4.52(m, 2H), 4.06-4.01 (m, 2H), 3.78-3.71 (m, 1H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 3.58- 3.54(m, 2H), 2.86-2.81 (m, 4H), 2.65-2.62 (m, 2H), 1.30 (s, 6H). I-122 andI-114 124

609.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.56-8.50 (m, 1H), 7.99 (d, J = 2.2 Hz,1H), 7.57 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.43 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.21 (d, J =5.9 Hz, 1H), 6.92 (s, 1H), 6.77 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 5.91-5.84 (m, 1H),4.75-4.46 (m, 6H), 4.03 (t, J = 5.6 Hz, 2H), 3.78- 3.71 (m, 1H), 3.68(s, 3H), 3.56 (s, 2H), 2.86- 2.55 (m, 6H), 1.30-1.26 (m, 6H). I-122 andI-4 125

523.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.72-8.66 (m, 1H), 8.58-8.52 (m, 1H),8.05-8.00 (m, 1H), 7.60- 7.57 (m, 1H), 7.55-7.52 (m, 1H), 7.48-7.43 (m,1H), 7.25-7.20 (m, 1H), 7.00-6.90 (m, 2H), 6.81- 6.76 (m, 1H), 4.62-4.57(m, 1H), 4.51-4.45 (m, 1H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 2.80- 2.67 (m, 2H), 2.67-2.56(m, 2H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 1.30-1.27 (m, 6H). I-123 and I-4 126

539.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.67-8.62 (m, 1H), 8.57-8.52 (m, 1H),7.93-7.88 (m, 1H), 7.59- 7.56 (m, 1H), 7.52-7.49 (m, 1H), 7.31-7.27 (m,1H), 7.24-7.20 (m, 1H), 7.04-6.99 (m, 1H), 6.95- 6.91 (m, 1H), 6.80-6.76(m, 1H), 4.62-4.57 (m, 1H), 4.51-4.44 (m, 1H), 3.79 (s, 3H), 3.69 (s,3H), 2.79-2.68 (m, 2H), 2.66-2.57 (m, 2H), 1.30- 1.26 (m, 6H). I-124 andI-4 130

514.0 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.64-8.59 (m, 1H), 8.58-8.53 (m, 1H),7.82-7.76 (m, 1H), 7.58- 7.51 (m, 1H), 7.27-7.18 (m, 1H), 6.96-6.90 (m,1H), 6.81-6.75 (m, 1H), 4.59-4.49 (m, 1H), 4.49- 4.39 (m, 1H), 3.67 (s,3H), 3.43-3.37 (m, 1H), 2.79-2.69 (m, 2H), 2.67- 2.56 (m, 2H), 2.39-2.27I-127 and I-4 (m, 2H), 2.26-2.17 (m, 2H), 2.10-1.97 (m, 1H), 1.96-1.81(m, 1H), 1.30- 1.26 (m, 6H). 131

536.0 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.79-8.72 (m, 1H), 8.61-8.54 (m, 1H),7.98-7.92 (m, 2H), 7.89- 7.82 (m, 1H), 7.64-7.57 (m, 2H), 7.57-7.49 (m,2H), 7.26-7.20 (m, 1H), 6.93 (s, 1H), 6.83-6.76 (m, 1H), 4.61-4.55 (m,1H), 4.52-4.43 (m, 1H), 3.73 (s, 3H), 2.80-2.67 (m, 2H), 2.67-2.56 (m,2H), 1.30-1.27 (m, 6H). I-128 and I-4 132

525.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/CDCl₃ = 2/1) δ 8.98-8.94 (m, 1H), 8.61-8.56 (m, 1H), 8.37-8.33 (m, 1H), 7.73-7.70 (m, 1H), 7.65-7.62 (m, 1H),7.41-7.33 (m, 2H), 7.11- 7.05 (m, 1H), 4.62-4.55 (m, 2H), 3.71 (s, 3H),2.87-2.83 (m, 2H), 2.69- 2.64 (m, 2H), 2.53 (s, 3H), 1.30 (s, 6H). I-104and I-114 133

540.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.62-8.59 (m, 1H), 8.54-8.51 (m, 1H),8.41-8.38 (m, 1H), 7.92- 7.89 (m, 1H), 7.59-7.56 (m, 1H), 7.48-7.45 (m,1H), 7.29-7.25 (m, 1H), 7.05-7.02 (m, 1H), 7.02- 6.98 (m, 1H), 4.60-4.52(m, 2H), 3.79 (s, 3H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 2.86-2.79 (m, 2H), 2.65-2.60 (m,2H), 1.30 (s, 6H). I-124 and I-114 134

581.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/CDCl₃ = 2/1) δ 8.59-8.54 (m, 1H), 7.99-7.94 (m, 1H), 7.59-7.56 (m, 1H), 7.50-7.47 (m, 1H), 7.21-7.17 (m, 1H),7.01-6.97 (m, 1H), 6.78- 6.72 (m, 1H), 5.90-5.86 (m, 1H), 4.80-4.76 (m,2H), 4.69-4.65 (m, 2H), 4.60-4.55 (m, 1H), 4.50- 4.45 (m, 1H), 4.12-4.05(m, 2H), 3.82-3.75 (m, 1H), 3.72 (s, 3H), 3.62- 3.57 (m, 2H), 2.96-2.90(m, 2H), 2.89-2.85 (m, 2H), 2.84-2.79 (m, 2H), 2.63-2.54 (m, 2H). I-122and I-129 138

499.0 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.52 (d, J = 3.6 Hz, 1H), 7.79 (d, J =2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.70 (s, 1H), 7.57 (s, 1H), 7.43-7.38 (m, 2H), 7.04 (s,1H), 6.95-6.92 (m, 1H), 6.61 (d, J = 3.9 Hz, 1H), 5.28- 5.24 (m, 1H),4.50-4.33 (m, 4H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 2.86-2.82 (m, 4H), 2.61- 2.50 (m, 2H),1.55 (t, J = 7.4 Hz, 3H). I-26 and I-129 139

595.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.56-8.52 (m, 1H), 8.49-8.46 (m, 1H),8.42-8.39 (m, 1H), 7.60- 7.58 (m, 1H), 7.54-7.52 (m, 1H), 7.47-7.43 (m,1H), 7.04 (s, 1H), 6.99- 6.93 (m, 2H), 4.62-4.51 (m, 2H), 4.36-4.29 (m,1H), 4.10-4.04 (m, 2H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 3.63-3.59 (m, 2H), 3.31 (s, 3H),2.85-2.82 (m, 2H), 2.65- 2.62 (m, 2H), 1.30 (s, 6H). I-36 and I-114 140

620.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.81-8.76 (m, 1H), 8.58-8.52 (m, 1H),8.16-8.11 (m, 1H), 7.71-7.67 (m, 1H), 7.60- 7.55 (m, 2H), 7.25-7.19 (m,1H), 7.08-7.02 (m, 1H), 6.93 (s, 1H), 6.81- 6.75 (m, 1H), 4.76-4.71 (m,2H), 4.62-4.58 (m, 1H), 4.52-4.46 (m, 3H), 3.88-3.80 (m, 1H), 3.78- 3.71(m, 3H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.28-3.24 (m, 2H), 2.79-2.68 (m, 2H), 2.66- 2.56(m, 2H), 1.29-1.26 (m, 6H). I-130 and I-4 141

621.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.77-8.73 (m, 1H), 8.57-8.53 (m, 1H),8.43-8.39 (m, 1H), 8.16- 8.11 (m, 1H), 7.70-7.67 (m, 1H), 7.61-7.58 (m,1H), 7.55-7.51 (m, 1H), 7.07-7.02 (m, 2H), 4.75- 4.72 (m, 2H), 4.61-4.54(m, 2H), 4.52-4.48 (m, 2H), 3.87-3.81 (m, 1H), 3.78-3.71 (m, 3H), 3.70(s, 3H), 3.28-3.26 (m, 2H), 2.87-2.80 (m, 2H), 2.66-2.61 (m, 2H), 1.31-1.29 (m, 6H). I-130 and I-114 144

595.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.55-8.51 (m, 1H), 8.00-7.97 (m, 1H),7.58-7.56 (m, 1H), 7.43- 7.41 (m, 1H), 7.26-7.23 (m, 1H), 6.95-6.91 (m,1H), 6.79-6.75 (m, 1H), 5.92-5.88 (m, 1H), 4.72- 4.68 (m, 3H), 4.65-4.61(m, 1H), 4.58-4.54 (m, 1H), 4.48-4.43 (m, 1H), 4.06-4.00 (m, 1H), 3.98-3.94 (m, 2H), 3.83-3.78 (m, 1H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 3.21-3.14 (m, 1H), 2.93-2.87 (m, 2H), 2.85-2.76 (m, 3H), 2.59-2.52 (m, 2H), 1.28-1.26 (m, 3H).I-119 and I-129 145

597.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.55-8.51 (m, 1H), 7.99-7.95 (m, 1H),7.58-7.56 (m, 1H), 7.43- 7.40 (m, 1H), 7.25-7.22 (m, 1H), 6.95-6.91 (m,1H), 6.79-6.75 (m, 1H), 5.92-5.88 (m, 1H), 4.59- 4.53 (m, 1H), 4.50-4.42(m, 1H), 4.02-3.94 (m, 2H), 3.81-3.76 (m, 1H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 3.58-3.53(m, 2H), 3.38-3.34 (m, 1H), 3.33 (s, 3H), 2.98- 2.88 (m, 4H), 2.81-2.76(m, 2H), 2.72-2.65 (m, 1H), 2.59-2.51 (m, 2H), 1.42-1.38 (m, 3H). I-118and I-129 146

511.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/CDCl₃ = 1/2) δ 8.63-8.61 (m, 1H), 8.60-8.57 (m, 1H), 7.97-7.91 (m, 1H), 7.71-7.67 (m, 1H), 7.60-7.56 (m, 1H),7.30-7.25 (m, 1H), 7.12- 7.08 (m, 1H), 7.08-7.02 (m, 1H), 6.97-6.92 (m,1H), 6.72-6.66 (m, 1H), 4.57-4.53 (m, 1H), 4.45- 4.40 (m, 1H), 3.84 (s,3H), 3.75 (s, 3H), 2.96- 2.89 (m, 2H), 2.86-2.80 (m, 2H), 2.64-2.56 (m,2H). I-124 and I-129 147

496.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/CDCl₃ = 1/2) δ 8.99-8.95 (m, 1H), 8.59-8.55 (m, 1H), 7.93-7.89 (m, 1H), 7.61-7.58 (m, 1H), 7.34-7.30 (m, 1H),7.22-7.18 (m, 1H), 7.10- 7.07 (m, 1H), 7.07-7.03 (m, 1H), 6.73-6.67 (m,1H), 4.58-4.52 (m, 1H), 4.43-4.38 (m, 1H), 3.77 (s, 3H), 2.95-2.90 (m,2H), 2.86-2.81 (m, 2H), 2.63-2.57 (m, 5H). I-104 and I-129 148

583.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.58-8.54 (m, 1H), 7.97-7.92 (m, 1H),7.60-7.57 (m, 1H), 7.50- 7.46 (m, 1H), 7.23-7.19 (m, 1H), 7.00-6.95 (m,1H), 6.78-6.73 (m, 1H), 5.89-5.84 (m, 1H), 4.56- 4.54 (m, 1H), 4.50-4.45(m, 1H), 4.09-4.03 (m, 2H), 3.76-3.73 (m, 2H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 3.63-3.59(m, 2H), 3.37 (s, 3H), 3.08-3.02 (m, 2H), 2.95- 2.90 (m, 2H), 2.84-2.78(m, 4H), 2.62-2.54 (m, 2H). I-115 and I-129 152

566.0 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/CDCl₃ = 3/1) δ 8.53 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H),8.45 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.56-7.52 (m, 3H), 7.15 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H),6.99-6.86 (m, 3H), 6.71 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 4.57-4.45 (m, 2H), 4.37-4.28 (m, 1H), 4.09-4.07 (m, 2H), 3.73-3.60 (m, 5H), 3.31 (s, 3H), 2.90-2.88 (m, 2H), 2.80-2.78 (m, 2H), 2.57-2.55 (m, 2H). I-36 and I-129 153

528.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.53 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 1H), 7.97-7.95 (m,1H), 7.73-7.71 (m, 1H), 7.51-7.35 (m, 2H), 7.02 (s, 1H), 6.92 (d, J =5.8 Hz, 1H), 6.63 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 5.88 (s, 1H), 5.05 (d, J = 11.0Hz, 1H), 4.50-4.38 (m, 4H), 3.80-3.64 (m, 6H), 3.32 (s, 3H), 2.92-2.72(m, 4H), 2.62-2.47 (m, 2H). I-131 and I-129 154

556.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.53 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.98 (d, J =2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.56 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.42 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.21(d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 6.92 (s, 1H), 6.77 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 6.06 (s,1H), 4.63- 4.37 (m, 4H), 3.74-3.66 (m, 6H), 3.31 (s, 3H), 2.80-2.53 (m,4H), 1.30- 1.26 (m, 6H). I-131 and I-4 155

526.0 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.53 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.99 (d, J =2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.49-7.41 (m, 2H), 7.00 (s, 1H),6.92 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 6.63 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 5.69 (s, 1H), 5.06(d, J = 9.9 Hz, 1H), 4.77 (s, 2H), 4.57-4.26 (m, 2H), 4.14- 3.98 (m,4H), 3.67 (s, 3H), 2.88-2.75 (m, 4H), 2.59-2.50 (m, 2H). I-132 and I-129156

555.0 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.57-8.50 (m, 1H), 8.39 (s, 1H), 8.01-7.92 (m, 1H), 7.59-7.54 (m, 1H), 7.43-7.36 (m, 1H), 7.03 (s, 1H), 5.84(s, 1H), 4.76-4.71 (m, 2H), 4.59-4.48 (m, 2H), 4.09-4.04 (m, 2H), 4.01-3.94 (m, 2H), 3.67 (s, 3H), 2.85-2.79 (m, 2H), 2.66-2.60 (m, 2H), 1.30(s, 6H). I-132 and I-114 159

595.0 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.80-8.78 (m, 1H), 8.52 (d, J = 5.1 Hz,1H), 7.65-7.49 (m, 2H), 7.32-7.12 (m, 2H), 6.96- 6.64 (m, 3H), 4.65-4.29(m, 4H), 4.28-4.15 (m, 2H), 3.85-3.83 (m, 2H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 3.31 (s,3H), 2.80-2.52 (m, 4H), 1.29-1.25 (m, 6H). I-133 and I-4 162

554.0 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.57-8.50 (m, 1H), 8.05-7.97 (m, 1H),7.62-7.53 (m, 1H), 7.44 (s, 1H), 7.26-7.16 (m, 1H), 6.92 (s, 1H), 6.82-6.73 (m, 1H), 5.85 (s, 1H), 4.80-4.69 (m, 2H), 4.61-4.53 (m, 1H), 4.51-4.41 (m, 1H), 4.10-4.05 (m, 2H), 4.03-3.93 (m, 2H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 2.77-2.70 (m, 2H), 2.63-2.58 (m, 2H), 1.29-1.25 (m, 6H). I-132 and I-4 164

624.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.55-8.49 (m, 1H), 7.98-7.92 (m, 1H),7.58-7.54 (m, 1H), 7.42-7.37 (m, 1H), 7.06- 7.01 (m, 1H), 5.89-5.82 (m,1H), 4.74-4.70 (m, 2H), 4.64-4.59 (m, 2H), 4.56-4.49 (m, 2H), 4.05- 3.98(m, 2H), 3.76-3.70 (m, 1H), 3.67 (s, 3H), 3.60-3.48 (m, 2H), 3.06- 3.01(m, 2H), 2.86- 2.79 (m, 2H), 2.62-2.58 (m, 5H), 1.30 (s, 6H). I-122 andI-121 165

582.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.54-8.48 (m, 1H), 8.41-8.35 (m, 1H),7.96-7.92 (m, 1H), 7.57- 7.53 (m, 1H), 7.40-7.36 (m, 1H), 7.06-6.99 (m,1H), 5.88-5.83 (m, 1H), 4.58-4.48 (m, 2H), 4.04- 3.99 (m, 2H), 3.65 (s,3H), 3.64-3.62 (m, 2H), 2.95-2.91 (m, 2H), 2.84- 2.79 (m, 2H), 2.63-2.57(m, 4H), 1.29 (s, 6H), 1.17-1.13 (m, 3H). I-135 and I-114 169

540.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/CDCl₃ = 1/1) δ 8.94-8.85 (m, 1H), 8.63-8.55 (m, 1H), 7.84-7.78 (m, 1H), 7.66-7.61 (m, 1H), 7.34-7.28 (m, 1H),7.13-7.08 (m, 1H), 7.07- 6.99 (m, 2H), 6.76-6.67 (m, 1H), 4.58-4.55 (m,2H), 4.47-4.41 (m, 1H), 4.05 (s, 3H), 3.77 (s, 3H), 2.80-2.72 (m, 2H),2.70-2.62 (m, 2H), 1.33 (s, 6H). I-137 and I-4 170

608.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/CDCl₃ = 1/1) δ 8.62-8.56 (m, 1H), 8.26-8.21 (m, 1H), 7.94-7.90 (m, 1H), 7.58-7.56 (m, 1H), 7.49-7.45 (m, 1H),7.14-7.09 (m, 1H), 5.87- 5.83 (m, 1H), 4.58-4.49 (m, 2H), 4.10-4.05 (m,2H), 3.72 (s, 3H), 3.60- 3.55 (m, 2H), 3.07-2.98 (m, 1H), 2.88-2.83 (m,4H), 2.70-2.65 (m, 2H), 2.20-2.12 (m, 2H), 2.01- 1.90 (m, 2H), 1.84-1.72(m, 2H), 1.34 (s, 6H). I-138 and I-114 171

594.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/CDCl₃ = 1/1) δ 8.62-8.55 (m, 1H), 8.28-8.23 (m, 1H), 7.93-7.88 (m, 1H), 7.58-7.55 (m, 1H), 7.48-7.45 (m, 1H),7.14-7.09 (m, 1H), 5.87- 5.82 (m, 1H), 4.57-4.52 (m, 2H), 4.08-4.03 (m,2H), 3.86-3.82 (m, 2H), 3.72 (s, 3H), 3.19-3.14 (m, 2H), 2.87-2.82 (m,2H), 2.77-2.65 (m, 2H), 1.98-1.90 (m, 1H), 1.34 (s, 6H), 0.64-0.57 (m,2H), 0.56-0.51 (m, 2H). I-139 and I-114 172

526.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.52-8.48 (m, 1H), 7.81-7.77 (m, 1H),7.53-7.48 (m, 2H), 7.30- 7.28 (m, 1H), 7.23-7.20 (m, 1H), 7.07-7.04 (m,1H), 6.94-6.90 (m, 1H), 6.77-6.72 (m, 1H), 4.53- 4.42 (m, 2H), 4.14-4.07(m, 2H), 3.67 (s, 3H), 2.77-2.68 (m, 2H), 2.65- 2.56 (m, 2H), 1.43-1.38(m, 3H), 1.29-1.26 (m, 6H). I-140 and I-4 173

540.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.53-8.49 (m, 1H), 7.84-7.81 (m, 1H),7.54-7.49 (m, 2H), 7.30-7.27 (m, 1H), 7.24- 7.21 (m, 1H), 7.10-7.07 (m,1H), 6.94-6.90 (m, 1H), 6.77-6.73 (m, 1H), 4.53-4.45 (m, 2H), 4.45- 4.40(m, 1H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 2.76-2.70 (m, 2H), 2.63-2.59 (m, 2H), 1.46- 1.43(m, 6H), 1.29-1.27 (m, 6H). I-141 and I-4 174

540.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.53-8.48 (m, 1H), 7.81-7.77 (m, 1H),7.54-2.48 (m, 2H), 7.31-7.28 (m, 1H), 7.23- 7.20 (m, 1H), 7.07-7.05 (m,1H), 6.94-6.90 (m, 1H), 6.76-6.73 (m, 1H), 4.53-4.42 (m, 2H), 4.05- 4.00(m, 2H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 2.78-2.68 (m, 2H), 2.66-2.56 (m, 2H), 1.87- 1.77(m, 2H), 1.29-1.27 (m, 6H), 0.89-0.85 (m, 3H). I-142 and I-4 175

556.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.52-8.49 (m, 1H), 7.79-7.77 (m, 1H),7.53-7.50 (m, 2H), 7.32-7.29 (m, 1H), 7.23- 7.20 (m, 1H), 7.06-7.04 (m,1H), 6.93-6.90 (m, 1H), 6.76-6.72 (m, 1H), 4.54-4.42 (m, 2H), 4.24- 4.20(m, 2H), 3.71-3.67 (m, 5H), 2.78-2.68 (m, 2H), 2.65-2.57 (m, 2H),1.29-1.27 (m, 6H). I-143 and I-4 189

580.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.67 (d, J = 2.1 Hz, 1H), 8.56 (d, J =5.0 Hz, 1H), 7.93 (t, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.89- 7.78 (m, 2H), 7.51-7.47 (m,1H), 7.29-7.25 (m, 1H), 7.03 (s, 1H), 6.93 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 6.81 (d,J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.64 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 5.09 (d, J = 11.5 Hz, 1H),4.56-4.27 (m, 2H), 3.93- 3.69 (m, 6H), 3.59-3.52 (m, 1H), 3.42-3.40 (m,1H), 3.07-2.95 (m, 2H), 2.85-2.81 (m, 4H), 2.63- 2.47 (m, 2H), 0.96-0.94(m, 3H). I-147 and I-129 191

678.4 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/Cl₃ = 1/1) δ 8.67-8.61 (m, 1H), 8.58- 8.54(m, 1H), 8.22-8.17 (m, 1H), 8.03-7.99 (m, 1H), 7.57-7.54 (m, 2H),7.42-7.39 (m, 1H), 7.09- 7.05 (m, 1H), 6.91-6.86 (m, 1H), 4.70-4.64 (m,3H), 4.56-4.48 (m, 3H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 3.50-3.43 (m, 1H), 3.20-3.03 (m,2H), 2.82-2.77 (m, 2H), 2.64-2.60 (m, 2H), 2.46- 2.37 (m, 2H), 2.21-2.15(m, 2H), 1.29 (s, 6H), 1.04 (s, 6H). I-112 and I-114 192

514.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/CDCl₃ = 1/1) δ 8.56-8.54 (m, 1H), 8.22-8.18 (m, 1H), 8.08-8.06 (m, 1H), 7.64-7.62 (m, 1H), 7.56-7.54 (m, 1H),7.08-7.05 (m, 1H), 5.95- 5.92 (m, 1H), 4.52-4.46 (m, 2H), 3.69 (s, 3H),2.81-2.78 (m, 2H), 2.63- 2.61 (m, 2H), 2.33 (s, 3H), 1.29 (s, 6H). I-106and I-114 193

678.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.72-8.67 (m, 1H), 8.64-8.60 (m, 1H),8.04-8.01 (m, 1H), 8.00- 7.96 (m, 1H), 7.89-7.85 (m, 1H), 7.72-7.69 (m,1H), 7.51-7.49 (m, 1H), 7.38-7.33 (m, 1H), 7.12- 7.09 (m, 1H), 6.83-6.78(m, 1H), 4.77-4.70 (m, 2H), 4.66-4.58 (m, 2H), 4.54-4.41 (m, 2H), 3.79-3.69 (m, 4H), 3.24-3.12 (m, 1H), 2.94-2.86 (m, 1H), 2.78-2.76 (m, 2H),2.75-2.66 (m, 2H), 2.66- 2.63 (m, 2H), 2.52-2.45 (m, 1H), 1.97-1.94 (m,1H), 1.31 (s, 6H), 0.91- 0.87 (m, 6H). I-149 and I-114 195

610.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/CDCl₃ = 1/1) δ 8.74-8.65 (m, 1H), 8.61-8.52 (m, 1H), 8.27-8.15 (m, 3H), 7.63-7.58 (m, 1H), 7.54-7.51 (m, 1H),7.10-7.03 (m, 1H), 4.53- 4.48 (m, 2H), 3.91-3.82 (m, 2H), 3.78-3.73 (m,1H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.59- 3.54 (m, 1H), 3.51-3.45 (m, 1H), 3.11-3.01 (m,2H), 2.83-2.77 (m, 2H), 2.66-2.59 (m, 2H), 1.29 (s, 6H), 1.02-0.96 (m,3H). I-150 and I-114 196

609.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/CDCl₃ = 1/1) δ 8.59-8.57 (m, 1H), 8.57-8.54 (m, 1H), 8.21-8.17 (m, 1H), 7.92-7.88 (m, 1H), 7.56-7.53 (m, 1H),7.53-7.51 (m, 1H), 7.35- 7.31 (m, 1H), 7.08-7.05 (m, 1H), 6.95-6.91 (m,1H), 4.53-4.45 (m, 2H), 3.90-3.82 (m, 2H), 3.78- 3.72 (m, 1H), 3.69 (s,3H), 3.57-3.52 (m, 1H), 3.47-3.40 (m, 1H), 3.08- 2.95 (m, 2H), 2.87-2.71(m, 2H), 2.68-2.55 (m, 2H), 1.29 (s, 6H), 0.95- 0.92 (m, 3H). I-147 andI-114 197

665.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/CDCl₃ = 1/1) δ 8.72-8.68 (m, 1H), 8.59-8.55 (m, 1H), 8.25-8.23 (m, 2H), 8.22-8.19 (m, 1H), 7.63-7.60 (m, 1H),7.55-7.52 (m, 1H), 7.09- 7.05 (m, 1H), 4.72-4.68 (m, 2H), 4.66-4.64 (m,1H), 4.60-4.56 (m, 1H), 4.54-4.47 (m, 2H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.55-3.48 (m,2H), 3.15-3.05 (m, 2H), 2.83-2.76 (m, 2H), 2.65- 2.60 (m, 2H), 2.57-2.52(m, 1H), 2.51-2.43 (m, 2H), 2.24-2.18 (m, 1H), 1.29 (s, 6H), 1.03-0.99(m, 3H). I-151 and I-114 200

649.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.94 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 8.56 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.71 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.63 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.49(d, J = 9.3 Hz, 1H), 7.42 (d, J = 9.2 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (dd, J = 5.9, 0.6Hz, 1H), 6.93 (s, 1H), 6.78 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 4.71-4.46 (m, 6H), 3.72(s, 3H), 3.58-3.49 (m, 1H), 2.94- 2.82 (m, 3H), 2.79-2.69 (m, 2H),2.66-2.58 (m, 2H), 2.05-1.81 (m, 6H), 1.29 (d, J = 5.4 Hz, 6H). I-152and I-4 201

678.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.64-8.60 (m, 2H), 8.25 (s, 1H), 8.09(d, J = 2.6 Hz, 1H), 7.55 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 1H), 7.39- 7.35 (m, 1H),7.02-6.91 (m, 2H), 6.87 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 6.65 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H),4.76-4.54 (m, 5H), 4.50-4.46 (m, 2H), 3.90 (s, 3H), 3.77-3.75 (m, 1H),3.32-3.30 (m, 1H), 3.00-2.98 (m, 1H), 2.80-2.53 (m, 7H), 2.02- 2.00 (m,1H), 1.30-1.26 (m, 6H), 0.95-0.89 (m, 6H). I-153 and I-4 202

677.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.67-8.65 (m, 1H), 8.57-8.55 (m, 1H),7.96-7.95 (m, 1H), 7.63-7.59 (m, 1H), 7.59- 7.55 (m, 1H), 7.49-7.42 (m,1H), 7.26-7.20 (m, 1H), 7.07-7.00 (m, 1H), 6.94 (s, 1H), 6.82-6.76 (m,1H), 4.72-4.68 (m, 2H), 4.65-4.58 (m, 4H), 4.20-4.14 (m, 2H), 3.52- 3.47(m, 2H), 3.13-3.02 (m, 2H), 2.80-2.69 (m, 2H), 2.66-2.61 (m, 2H),2.60-2.54 (m, 1H), 2.51- 2.45 (m, 2H), 2.22-2.18 (m, 1H), 1.44-1.40 (m,3H), 1.28-1.27 (m, 6H), 0.98-0.96 (m, 3H). I-154 and I-4 205

678.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/CDCl₃ = 1/1): δ 8.78 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H),8.54 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.67 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.60 (dd, J = 5.1,3.3 Hz, 1H), 7.19 (q, J = 9.7 Hz, 2H), 7.11 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 6.95(s, 1H), 6.69 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 4.69-4.41 (m, 6H), 4.33-4.23 (m, 1H),3.93- 3.83 (m, 1H), 3.76- 3.63 (m, 4H), 3.44-3.34 (m, 1H), 3.06-2.95 (m,1H), 2.91-2.81 (m, 1H), 2.78-2.65 (m, 2H), 2.64- 2.55 (m, 2H), 2.41-2.28(m, 1H), 1.30-1.22 (m, 9H), 0.98-0.89 (m, 3H). I-155 and I-4 206

666.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.74-8.55 (m, 2H), 8.02-7.90 (m, 2H),7.84-7.77 (m, 1H), 7.72- 7.64 (m, 1H), 7.55-7.46 (m, 1H), 7.33-7.27 (m,1H), 7.14-7.04 (m, 1H), 6.82-6.75 (m, 1H), 4.59- 4.33 (m, 3H), 3.70 (s,3H), 3.56-3.49 (m, 2H), 3.44-3.38 (m, 1H), 3.36 (s, 3H), 3.1-2.99 (m,2H), 2.80-2.70 (m, 3H), 2.67-2.55 (m, 6H), 2.36- 2.28 (m, 1H), 1.31 (s,6H), 0.95 (s, 3H). I-156 and I-114 207

680.4 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.77-8.66 (m, 1H), 8.66-8.57 (m, 1H),8.06-8.01 (m, 1H), 8.01- 7.94 (m, 1H), 7.90-7.81 (m, 1H), 7.76-7.66 (m,1H), 7.56-7.46 (m, 1H), 7.40-7.33 (m, 1H), 7.14- 7.06 (m, 1H), 6.82-6.75(m, 1H), 4.60-4.34 (m, 3H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.59- 3.46 (m, 2H), 3.35 (s,3H), 3.16-3.07 (s, 1H), 3.06-2.95 (m, 2H), 2.94- 2.87 (m, 1H), 2.82-2.66(m, 3H), 2.66-2.53 (m, 3H), 2.49-2.43 (m, 1H), 2.24-2.17 (m, 1H), 1.30(s, 6H), 1.08-1.00 (m, 3H), 0.90-0.83 (m, 3H). I-157 and I-114 208

538.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.72-8.68 (m, 1H), 8.41-8.37 (m, 1H),8.37-8.33 (m, 1H), 8.04- 8.00 (m, 2H), 7.81-7.77 (m, 1H), 7.73-7.71 (m,1H), 7.54-7.52 (m, 1H), 7.17-7.13 (m, 1H), 4.75- 4.70 (m, 1H), 4.57-4.49(m, 2H), 4.44-4.38 (m, 2H), 2.81-2.78 (m, 2H), 2.68-2.65 (m, 2H), 1.61-1.56 (m, 3H), 1.33 (s, 6H). I-21 and I-114 209

679.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.76-8.72 (m, 1H), 8.62-8.59 (m, 1H),8.02-7.97 (m, 1H), 7.78- 7.75 (m, 1H), 7.75-7.73 (m, 1H), 7.55-7.52 (m,1H), 7.12-7.08 (m, 1H), 6.99-6.94 (m, 2H), 4.69- 4.66 (m, 2H), 4.65-4.60(m, 2H), 4.53-4.37 (m, 3H), 4.33-4.29 (m, 1H), 3.91-3.84 (m, 1H), 3.80-3.75 (m, 1H), 3.73 (s, 3H), 3.44-3.38 (m, 1H), 3.06-2.99 (m, 1H), 2.91-2.85 (m, 1H), 2.81-2.74 (m, 2H), 2.67-2.61 (m, 2H), 2.36-2.32 (m, 1H),1.32 (s, 6H), 1.25 (s, 3H), 0.94-0.92 (m, 3H). I-155 and I-114 210

692.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.70-8.66 (m, 1H), 8.65-8.60 (m, 1H),8.05-8.01 (m, 1H), 8.00- 7.96 (m, 1H), 7.90-7.86 (m, 1H), 7.77-7.74 (m,1H), 7.54-7.50 (m, 1H), 7.37-7.33 (m, 1H), 7.12- 7.08 (m, 1H), 6.82-6.77(m, 1H), 4.77-4.68 (m, 2H), 4.66-4.58 (m, 2H), 4.56-4.40 (m, 3H), 4.21-4.11 (m, 2H), 3.79-3.69 (m, 1H), 3.23-3.12 (m, 1H), 2.94-2.87 (m, 1H),2.80-2.76 (m, 2H), 2.76- 2.67 (m, 2H), 2.66-2.62 (m, 2H), 2.52-2.41 (m,1H), 1.98-1.91 (m, 1H), 1.46-1.41 (m, 3H), 1.31 (s, 6H), 0.91-0.86 (m,6H). I-158 and I-114 211

678.4 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.68-8.64 (m, 1H), 8.64-8.59 (m, 1H),8.01-7.93 (m, 2H), 7.86- 7.81 (m, 1H), 7.76-7.72 (m, 1H), 7.54-7.50 (m,1H), 7.32-7.28 (m, 1H), 7.13-7.07 (m, 1H), 6.82- 6.77 (m, 1H), 4.72-4.59(m, 4H), 4.55-4.38 (m, 3H), 4.20-4.11 (m, 2H), 3.57-3.38 (m, 2H), 3.11-3.01 (m, 2H), 2.81-2.72 (m, 2H), 2.68-2.60 (m, 2H), 2.58-2.51 (m, 1H),2.49-2.40 (m, 2H), 2.23- 2.16 (m, 1H), 1.47-1.40 (m, 3H), 1.31 (s, 6H),1.00-0.96 (m, 3H). I-154 and I-114 212

610.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.76-8.72 (m, 1H), 8.63-8.58 (m, 1H),8.01-7.96 (m, 1H), 7.81- 7.74 (m, 2H), 7.56-7.50 (m, 1H), 7.12-7.08 (m,1H), 7.01-6.92 (m, 2H), 4.56-4.36 (m, 2H), 4.16- 4.09 (m, 1H), 4.05-3.97(m, 1H), 3.84-3.76 (m, 3H), 3.72 (s, 3H), 3.67- 3.60 (m, 1H), 3.37-3.25(m, 1H), 2.81-2.73 (m, 2H), 2.67-2.61 (m, 2H), 1.31 (s, 6H), 1.25-1.22(m, 3H). I-159 and I-114 213

665.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.77-8.72 (m, 1H), 8.62-8.58 (m, 1H),8.00-7.96 (m, 1H), 7.82- 7.70 (m, 2H), 7.55-7.51 (m, 1H), 7.11-7.07 (m,1H), 6.98-6.95 (m, 2H), 4.70-4.64 (m, 3H), 4.61- 4.57 (m, 1H), 4.54-4.36(m, 2H), 4.34-4.28 (m, 1H), 4.02 3.93 (m, 1H), 3.72 (s, 3H), 3.51-3.44(m, 1H), 3.32-3.30 (m, 1H), 2.82-2.75 (m, 3H), 2.66-2.62 (m, 2H), 2.62-2.57 (m, 1H), 2.27-2.22 (m, 1H), 2.08-1.97 (m, 2H), 1.31 (s, 6H), 1.28-1.25 (m, 3H). I-160 and I-114 214

623.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/CDCl3 = 1/1) δ 8.81-8.74 (m, 1H), 8.57-8.50(m, 1H), 7.76- 7.69 (m, 1H), 7.64-7.59 (m, 1H), 7.27-7.21 (m, 1H),7.19-7.13 (m, 1H), 7.14-7.09 (m, 1H), 6.95 (s, 1H), 6.73-6.66 (m, 1H),4.57-4.48 (m, 1H), 4.44-4.39 (m, 1H), 4.23- 4.10 (m, 3H), 4.02-3.96 (m,1H), 3.84-3.74 (m, 2H), 3.74-3.68 (m, 1H), 3.66-3.59 (m, 1H), 3.29- 3.22(m, 1H), 2.78-2.66 (m, 2H), 2.66-2.55 (m, 2H), 1.46-1.39 (m, 3H),1.30-1.25 (m, 6H), 1.22- 1.18 (m, 3H). I-161 and I-4 215

691.4 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.75-8.69 (m, 1H), 8.58-8.53 (m, 1H),8.03-7.97 (m, 1H), 7.62- 7.58 (m, 2H), 7.51-7.47 (m, 1H), 7.24-7.19 (m,1H), 7.06-7.00 (m, 1H), 6.93 (s, 1H), 6.81-6.75 (m, 1H), 4.75-4.71 (m,1H), 4.69-4.65 (m, 2H), 4.64-4.57 (m, 2H), 4.50- 4.46 (m, 1H), 4.20-4.12(m, 2H), 3.81-3.73 (m, 1H), 3.24-3.16 (m, 1H), 2.94-2.88 (m, 1H), 2.78-2.69 (m, 4H), 2.66-2.58 (m, 2H), 2.54-2.46 (m, 1H), 2.00-1.88 (m, 1H),1.44-1.39 (m, 3H), 1.30- 1.27 (m, 6H), 0.90-0.86 (m, 6H). I-158 and I-4219

680.4 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.69-8.64 (m, 1H), 8.64-8.60 (m, 1H),8.01-7.97 (m, 1H), 7.97- 7.94 (m, 1H), 7.83-7.77 (m, 1H), 7.72-7.67 (m,1H), 7.55-7.48 (m, 1H), 7.32-7.28 (m, 1H), 7.12- 7.08 (m, 1H), 6.82-6.77(m, 1H), 4.63-4.33 (m, 3H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 3.52- 3.46 (m, 1H), 3.45-3.38(m, 1H), 3.35 (s, 3H), 3.33-3.28 (m, 1H), 3.07- 3.00 (m, 2H), 2.85-2.75(m, 4H), 2.75-2.60 (m, 4H), 2.47-2.42 (m, 1H), 1.31 (s, 6H), 1.08-1.03(m, 3H), 0.98-0.92 (m, 3H). I-163 and I-114 220

680.4 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.73-8.67 (m, 1H), 8.66-8.60 (m, 1H),8.06-8.02 (m, 1H), 8.00- 7.96 (m, 1H), 7.88-7.84 (m, 1H), 7.73-7.69 (m,1H), 7.53-7.50 (m, 1H), 7.37-7.33 (m, 1H), 7.12- 7.08 (m, 1H), 6.77-6.73(m, 1H), 4.57-4.36 (m, 3H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 3.54- 3.50 (m, 2H), 3.36 (s,3H), 3.20-3.00 (m, 2H), 2.81-2.73 (m, 2H), 2.68- 2.61 (m, 2H), 2.60-2.53(m, 4H), 2.39-2.32 (m, 2H), 1.31 (s, 6H), 1.03 (s, 6H). I-164 and I-114224

678.4 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.69-8.58 (m, 2H), 8.01-7.95 (m, 1H),7.94-7.88 (m, 1H), 7.82- 7.75 (m, 1H), 7.69-7.66 (m, 1H), 7.52-7.49 (m,1H), 7.14-7.07 (m, 1H), 6.84-6.75 (m, 1H), 4.71- 4.58 (m, 4H), 4.57-4.35(m, 3H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 3.54-3.46 (m, 1H), 3.32 (s, 1H), 3.16-3.07 (m,2H), 2.81-2.74 (m, 2H), 2.68-2.61 (m, 2H), 2.59- 2.52 (m, 1H), 2.47-2.37(m, 2H), 2.36-2.27 (m, 1H), 1.44-1.34 (m, 2H), 1.31 (s, 6H), 0.85-0.77(m, 3H). I-110 and I-114 226

679.4 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.73 (d, J = 2.1 Hz, 1H), 8.55 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.01 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.54(d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.48-7.46 (m, 1H), 7.22 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 6.99(d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.93 (s, 1H), 6.78 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 4.59-4.46(m, 2H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.57-3.51 (m, 2H), 3.34 (s, 3H), 3.13- 3.09 (m,2H), 2.74-2.70 (m, 2H), 2.64-2.51 (m, 6H), 2.41-2.39 (m, 2H), 1.30-1.26(m, 6H), 1.05- 1.01 (m, 6H). I-164 and I-4

Compound 22-(5-((5-((2S,5R)-2,5-dimethyl-4-(oxetan-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-3′-(hydroxymethyl)-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-[3,4′-bispyridin]-2′-yl)-7,8-dihydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-1(6H)-one

Step 1:5-((5-((2S,5R)-2,5-dimethyl-4-(oxetan-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-1-methyl-6-oxo-2′-(1-oxo-1,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-2-yl)-1,6-dihydro-[3,4′-bispyridin]-3′-carbaldehyde

Under nitrogen, to a solution of(5-((5-((2S,5R)-2,5-dimethyl-4-(oxetan-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridin-3-yl)boracicacid (171 mg, 0.41 mmol) and4-chloro-2-(1-oxo-1,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-2-yl)nicotinaldehyde(100 mg, 0.32 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (10 mL) and water (2 mL) was addedXphos (20 mg, 0.03 mmol), Pd(dppf)Cl₂ CH₂Cl₂ (25 mg, 0.03 mmol) andcesium carbonate (260 mg, 0.8 mmol). The mixture was reacted at 90° C.for 4 hours, and then cooled to room temperature. Water (30 mL) wasadded to the reaction solution, and the mixture was extracted with ethylacetate (30 mL×2). The organic phase was collected and combined, andconcentrated in vacuum under reduced pressure to give the target product(180 mg, yield 68%), which was directly used in the next step. [M+H]⁺647.3

Step 2:2-(5-((5-((2S,5R)-2,5-dimethyl-4-(oxetan-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-3′-(hydroxymethyl)-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-[3,4′-bispyridin]-2′-yl)-7,8-dihydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-1(6H)-one

At 0-5° C., under nitrogen, to a solution of5-((5-((2S,5R)-2,5-dimethyl-4-(oxetan-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-1-methyl-6-oxo-2′-(1-oxo-1,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-2-yl)-1,6-dihydro-[3,4′-bispyridin]-3′-carbaldehyde(180 mg, 0.28 mmol) in methanol (4 mL) and dichloromethane (10 mL) wasadded sodium borohydride (16 mg, 0.42 mmol), and reacted at roomtemperature for 15 minutes. The reaction was quenched by adding water(0.5 mL) to the reaction solution, and concentrated in vacuum underreduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purified with silica gelcolumn chromatography (methanol/water) and purified with thin layerchromatography (methanol/dichloromethane=1/20) to give the targetproduct (80 mg, yield 44%). [M+H]⁺ 649.3. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ8.73 (d, J=2.2 Hz, 1H), 8.54 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.00 (d, J=2.6 Hz, 1H),7.59-7.46 (m, 3H), 7.24 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 1H), 7.03 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.94(s, 1H), 6.79 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 1H), 4.77-4.55 (m, 5H), 4.49-4.47 (m, 1H),3.81-3.64 (m, 4H), 3.20-3.18 (m, 1H), 2.91-2.87 (m, 3H), 2.77-2.73 (m,4H), 2.62-2.42 (m, 3H), 1.94-1.92 (m, 1H), 0.89-0.86 (m, 6H).

The compounds in the following table were prepared with correspondingintermediates and reagents according to the preparation steps ofcompound 2:

LC- MS Com- [M + pound Structural formula H]⁺ 1HNMR Intermediate  12

647.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.62-8.54 (m, 1H), 8.44-8.37 (m, 1H),7.99-7.90 (m, 1H), 7.46-7.33 (m, 2H), 7.21-7.14 (m, 1H), 7.13-7.05 (m,1H), 6.98- 6.88 (m, 2H), 6.69-6.61 (m, 1H), 4.73-4.68 (m, 2H), 4.66-4.58(m, 2H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.55-3.39 (m, 2H), 3.11-3.00 (m, 2H), 2.76- 2.67(m, 2H), 2.62-2.54 (m, 3H), 2.51-2.42 (m, 2H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 2.20-2.15(m, 1H), 1.29-1.26 (m, 6H), 0.98-0.93 (m, 3H). I-54 and I-77  38

667.4 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.67 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 8.52 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.93 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.56 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H),7.53-7.48 (m, 1H), 7.41 (dd, J = 8.9, 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.20 (d, J = 5.9 Hz,1H), 7.01 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.92 (s, 1H), 6.77 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H),4.72-4.44 (m, 5H), 3.54-3.42 (m, 2H), 3.12-2.95 (m, 2H), 2.77-2.66 (m,2H), 2.65-2.58 (m, 2H), 2.57-2.51 (m, 1H), 2.49-2.39 (m, 2H), 2.23-2.14(m, 1H), 1.27 (d, J = 6.2 Hz, 6H), 0.95 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 3H). I-78 andI-55, NaBD₄  39

666.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.68 (d, J = 2.1 Hz, 1H), 8.55 (d, J =5.0 Hz, 1H), 7.95 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.52(d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (dd, J = 8.9, 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (d, J = 5.9Hz, 1H), 7.03 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.93 (s, 1H), 6.78 (d, J = 5.9 Hz,1H), 4.72-4.47 (m, 6H), 3.56-3.44 (m, 2H), 3.14- 3.01 (m, 2H), 2.79-2.69(m, 2H), 2.66-2.59 (m, 2H), 2.59-2.54 (m, 1H), 2.50-2.43 (m, 2H), 2.26-2.14 (m, 1H), 1.29 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 6H), 0.97 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 3H). I-78and I-55  52

663.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.68 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H), 8.59 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.96 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.89 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.66(d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.62 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.56-7.52 (m, 1H), 7.50(d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.48-7.42 (m, 1H), 7.34-7.25 (m, 1H), 7.24-7.16 (m,1H), 7.06-7.00 (m, 1H), 6.93-6.88 (m, 1H), 4.73-4.58 (m, 6H), 3.70 (s,3H), 3.56-3.45 (m, 2H), 3.16- 3.02 (m, 2H), 2.62-2.55 (m, 1H), 2.52-2.45(m, 2H), 2.26-2.16 (m, 1H), 1.01-0.95 (m, 3H). I-52 and I-54  53

663.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.68 (d, J = 1.9 Hz, 1H), 8.59 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.99-7.95 (m, 1H), 7.91-7.86 (m, 1H), 7.80-7.75 (m, 1H),7.62 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.53-7.50 (m, 2H), 7.48-7.41 (m, 2H),7.08-7.01 (m, 2H), 6.94 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.72-4.59 (m, 6H), 3.71 (s,3H), 3.55-3.47 (m, 2H), 3.12-3.05 (m, 2H), 2.64-2.54 (m, 1H), 2.52-2.44(m, 2H), 2.25-2.15 (m, 1H), 1.02- 0.95 (m, 3H). I-53 and I-54  54

524.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.93-8.86 (m, 1H), 8.60-8.50 (m, 2H),7.74-7.66 (m, 1H), 7.57 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H),6.93 (s, 2H), 6.79 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 4.66-4.56 (m, 1H), 4.54-4.46 (m,1H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 2.84-2.70 (m, 2H), 2.66- 2.56 (m, 2H), 2.37 (s, 3H),1.33-1.24 (m, 6H). I-55 and I-56  55

509.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.81-8.76 (m, 1H), 8.59-8.53 (m, 1H),8.22-8.16 (m, 1H), 7.63- 7.56 (m, 3H), 7.25-7.21 (m, 1H), 7.06-7.01 (m,1H), 6.96-6.92 (m, 1H), 6.85-6.78 (m, 2H), 4.63-4.58 (m, 1H), 4.52-4.45(m, 1H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 2.80-2.69 (m, 2H), 2.67-2.57 (m, 2H), 1.30- 1.27(m, 6H). I-55 and I-57  56

685.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.67 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 8.54 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.50(d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (dd, J = 8.9, 2.9 Hz, 1H), 7.28 (d, J = 6.0Hz, 1H), 7.07-6.97 (m, 2H), 6.84 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.73-4.46 (m, 6H),3.69 (s, 3H), 3.53-3.46 (m, 2H), 3.42-3.33 (m, 2H), 3.14-3.00 (m, 2H),2.95- 2.82 (m, 2H), 2.59-2.40 (m, 3H), 2.36-2.18 (m, 3H), 0.97 (d, J =6.3 Hz, 3H). I-58 and I-54  57

663.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.68 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 8.59 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.97 (d, J = 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.92 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.83(d, J = 8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.78 (dd, J = 6.1, 1.5 Hz, 1H), 7.61 (d, J = 5.1Hz, 1H), 7.57-7.49 (m, 2H), 7.45 (dd, J = 8.9, 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.42-7.35(m, 1H), 7.03 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.78 (d, J = 6.1 Hz, 1H), 4.74-4.57(m, 6H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 3.55-3.46 (m, 2H), 3.15-3.01 (m, 2H), 2.61-2.53(m, 1H), 2.52-2.43 (m, 2H), 2.26- 2.15 (m, 1H), 0.98 (d, J = 6.3 Hz,3H). I-59 and I-54  58

685.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.67 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 8.54 (t, J =4.9 Hz, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.51(d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (dd, J = 9.0, 2.9 Hz, 1H), 7.29 (dd, J = 6.0,0.5 Hz, 1H), 7.10- 6.97 (m, 2H), 6.85 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.72-4.45 (m,6H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 3.55-3.45 (m, 2H), 3.21- 3.16 (m, 2H), 3.12-2.97 (m,4H), 2.61-2.52 (m, 1H), 2.49-2.32 (m, 4H), 2.24-2.15 (m, 1H), 0.96 (d, J= 6.3 Hz, 3H). I-60 and I-54  59

677.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.73 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 8.65- 8.53(m, 1H), 8.10-7.97 (m, 1H), 7.92 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.83 (d, J = 8.2Hz, 1H), 7.78 (d, J = 4.7 Hz, 1H), 7.60 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.58-7.44(m, 3H), 7.43-7.34 (m, 1H), 7.08-6.96 (m, 1H), 6.77 (d, J = 6.1 Hz, 1H),4.75- 4.52 (m, 6H), 3.89-3.56 (m, 5H), 3.21 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 1H), 2.98-2.86 (m, 1H), 2.80-2.65 (m, 2H), 2.58-2.41 (m, 1H), 2.02-1.86 (m, 1H),0.89 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 6H). I-59 and I-2  60

681.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.66 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 8.57 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.99-7.91 (m, 2H), 7.76 (d, J = 4.9 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.51-7.40 (m, 3H), 7.36-7.25 (m, 1H), 7.01 (d, J = 8.9 Hz,1H), 6.79 (d, J = 6.1 Hz, 1H), 4.71-4.55 (m, 6H), 3.69 (s, 3H),3.58-3.46 (m, 2H), 3.14-3.00 (m, 2H), 2.60-2.52 (m, 1H), 2.49-2.41 (m,2H), 2.25- 2.15 (m, 1H), 0.96 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 3H). I-61 and I-54  61

695.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.73 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 8.59 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.04-7.95 (m, 2H), 7.79 (d, J = 6.1 Hz, 1H), 7.61 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.55-7.45 (m, 3H), 7.37-7.29 (m, 1H), 7.04 (d, J = 8.8 Hz,1H), 6.81 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.75-4.57 (m, 6H), 3.83-3.74 (m, 1H),3.72 (s, 3H), 3.26-3.16 (m, 1H), 2.97-2.88 (m, 1H), 2.81-2.68 (m, 2H),2.57-2.45 (m, 1H), 2.0-1.90 (m, 1H), 0.89 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 6H). I-61 andI-2  62

741.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.67 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 8.55 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.96 (s, 1H), 7.59 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.52 (d, J = 2.2Hz, 1H), 7.45 (dd, J = 8.9, 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.17 (d, J = 6.1 Hz, 1H), 7.03(d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.79 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 4.72-4.49 (m, 6H),3.56-3.43 (m, 2H), 3.14-3.01 (m, 2H), 2.83-2.73 (m, 2H), 2.62-2.53 (m,3H), 2.51- 2.44 (m, 2H), 2.25-2.16 (m, 1H), 1.30 (d, J = 6.1 Hz, 6H),0.97 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 3H). I-62 and I-54  63

664.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.66 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 8.58 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.95 (d, J = 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.90 (s, 1H), 7.62 (d, J = 5.1Hz, 1H), 7.49-7.42 (m, 2H), 7.03 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.88 (s, 1H),4.77-4.47 (m, 6H), 3.70 (s, 1H), 3.55-3.46 (m, 2H), 3.16-2.99 (mz, 2H),2.87-2.74 (m, 2H), 2.68-2.60 (m, 2H), 2.60- 2.54(m, 1H) 2.52-2.43 (m,2H), 2.24-2.18 (m, 1H), 1.29 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 6H), 0.97 (d, J = 6.4 Hz,3H). I-63 and I-54  64

635.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.68 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H), 8.56 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.95 (d, J = 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.60 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.53(d, J = 2.1 Hz, 1H), 7.45 (dd, J = 8.9, 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.26 (d, J = 5.9Hz, 1H), 7.04 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.95 (s, 1H), 6.82- 6.77 (m, 1H),4.74-4.46 (m, 6H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 3.56-3.45 (m, 2H), 3.13-3.02 (m, 2H),2.96-2.88 (m, 2H), 2.83-2.76 (m, 2H), 2.61-2.53 (m, 3H), 2.50-2.45 (m,2H), 2.24-2.17 (m, 1H), 0.97 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 3H). I-1 and I-54  65

664.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 9.11 (s, 1H), 8.94 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H),8.01-7.92 (m, 2H), 7.44 (dd, J = 8.9, 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.23 (d, J = 6.0 Hz,1H), 7.02 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.97 (s, 1H), 6.91 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H),4.73-4.56 (m, 6H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 3.55-3.44 (m, 2H), 3.12-3.01 (m, 2H),2.77-2.69 (m, 2H), 2.64-2.60 (m, 2H), 2.60- 2.54 (m, 1H), 2.50-2.43 (m,2H), 2.25-2.16(m, 1H), 1.30-1.26 (m, 6H), 0.97 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 3H). I-64and I-54  66

677.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.69 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 8.55 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.95 (d, J = 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.53(d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (dd, J = 8.9, 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (d, J = 6.0Hz, 1H), 7.03 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.94 (s, 1H), 6.79 (d, J = 5.9 Hz,1H), 4.65-4.43 (m, 2H), 4.00-3.83 (m, 2H), 3.78- 3.60 (m, 5H), 3.49-3.36(m, 1H), 3.09-2.95 (m, 3H), 2.81-2.54 (m, 7H), 2.42-2.26 (m, 1H), 2.16-2.03 (m, 1H), 1.94-1.79 (m, 1H), 1.31-1.27 (m, 6H), 0.97- 0.92 (m, 3H).I-55 and I-65  67

646.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.68 (s, 1H), 8.62-8.56 (m, 2H),8.38-8.30 (m, 1H), 8.00-7.93 (m, 2H), 7.64-7.60 (m, 1H), 7.51- 7.49 (m,1H), 7.48 (s, 1H), 7.47- 7.40 (m, 2H), 7.07-7.00 (m, 1H), 7.00-6.94 (m,1H), 4.73-4.55 (m, 6H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 3.54-3.47 (m, 2H), 3.16-3.00 (m,2H), 2.62-2.54 (m, 1H), 2.53-2.40 (m, 2H), 2.26-2.16 (m, 1H), 1.00-0.95(m, 3H). I-66 and I-54  71

537.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.71-8.53 (m, 2H), 8.43 (s, 1H), 8.00(s, 1H), 7.76-7.57 (m, 2H), 7.26 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 6.96 (s, 1H), 6.83(d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H), 4.61-4.40 (m, 4H), 2.83-2.60 (m, 4H), 1.57 (t, J =6.7 Hz, 3H), 1.33-1.27 (m, 6H). I-55 and I-68  72

661.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 9.97 (s, 1H), 8.68-8.64 (m, 2H), 7.94(d, J = 2.6 Hz, 1H), 7.63 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.45-7.41 (m, 1H), 7.34(d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.26-7.23 (m, 1H), 7.03-6.99 (m, 2H), 6.87-6.85 (m,1H), 4.72-4.58 (m, 4H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 3.54-3.44 (m, 2H), 3.07-3.03 (m,2H), 2.94-2.71 (m, 2H), 2.67- 2.32 (m, 5H), 2.22-2.18 (m, 1H), 1.31-1.29(m, 6H), 0.96 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 3H). I-55 and I-54  73

485.1 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆): δ 8.53 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.33 (s,1H), 7.80 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.75 (s, 1H), 7.46-7.44 (m, 2H), 7.25 (d,J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 6.83- 6.74 (m, 2H), 5.02-4.97 (m, 1H), 4.42-4.38 (m,1H), 4.34-4.30 (m, 1H), 3.97 (s, 3H), 3.58 (s, 3H), 2.88-2.82 (m, 2H),2.71-2.67 (m, 2H), 2.46-2.42 (m, 2H). I-1 and I-69  74

645.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.69 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H), 8.60 (d, J =5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.00-7.83 (m, 4H), 7.62 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.55-7.42 (m,4H), 7.37-7.33 (m, 1H), 7.04 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.89 (d, J = 6.0 Hz,1H), 4.75- 4.53 (m, 7H), 3.72 (s, 3H), 3.59- 3.44 (m, 2H), 3.13-3.05 (m,2H), 2.63-2.54 (m, 1H), 2.50-2.47 (m, 2H), 2.27-2.13 (m, 1H), 0.98 (d, J= 6.4 Hz, 3H). I-70 and I-54  75

663.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.68 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 8.59 (d, J =5.0 Hz, 1H), 8.00-7.94 (m, 2H), 7.89 (d, J = 5.8 Hz, 1H), 7.62 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.55-7.50 (m, 2H), 7.48-7.43 (m, 2H), 7.28 (td, J = 9.4,2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.04 (d, J = 9.0 Hz, 1H), 6.91 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H),4.72-4.54 (m, 7H), 3.72 (s, 3H), 3.50 (dd, J = 19.0, 5.7 Hz, 2H),3.12-3.04 (m, 2H), 2.58 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H), 2.48 (s, 2H), 2.28-2.15 (m,1H), 0.98 (d, J = 6.2 Hz, 3H). I-71 and I-54  76

646.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.66 (d, J = 4.8 Hz, 1H), 8.58 (s, 1H),8.05 (d, J = 3.2 Hz, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.89-7.85 (m, 2H),7.72 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.52-7.44 (m, 3H), 7.37-7.33 (m, 1H), 7.18 (d,J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.92 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 1H), 4.74- 4.55 (m, 5H), 3.89 (s,3H), 3.52- 3.48 (mHz, 1H), 3.22-3.07 (m, 2H), 2.55-2.44 (m, 1H),2.40-2.33 (m, 2H), 2.03-1.98 (m, 1H), 1.88 (s, 2H), 1.04 (d, J = 6.0 Hz,3H). I-70 and I-72  77

508.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.52 (d, J = 4.8 Hz, 1H), 7.52 (d, J =5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H),7.34-7.26 (m, 4H), 7.22 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.02-6.95 (m, 1H), 6.93 (s,1H), 6.77 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.56 (d, J = 11.6 Hz, 1H), 4.48 (d, J =12.0 Hz, 1H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 2.74 (d, J = 3.2 Hz, 2H), 2.62 (s, 2H), 1.29(d, J = 5.6 Hz, 6H). I-55 and I-73  78

663.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.70-8.64 (m, 1H), 8.57-8.51 (m, 1H),7.97-7.91 (m, 1H), 7.60- 7.56 (m, 1H), 7.54-7.50 (m, 1H), 7.46-7.42 (m,1H), 7.28- 7.23 (m, 1H), 7.05-7.00 (m, 1H), 6.97-6.93 (m, 1H), 6.82-6.76(m, 1H), 4.72-4.67 (m, 2H), 4.65- 4.60 (m, 2H), 4.59-4.57 (m, 1H),4.50-4.44 (m, 1H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 3.53-3.44 (m, 2H), 3.12-3.01 (m, 2H),2.98-2.87 (m, 1H), 2.81- 2.62 (m, 2H), 2.60-2.53 (m, 1H), 2.51-2.42 (m,2H), 2.37-2.25 (m, 1H), 2.23-2.16 (m, 1H), 2.08- 1.89 (m, 2H), 1.53-1.39(m, 1H), 1.21-1.13 (m, 3H), 0.98- 0.94 (m, 3H). I-74 and I-54  79

664.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/ CDCl₃ = 1/1): δ 8.68-8.62 (m, 1H),8.62-8.55 (m, 1H), 8.34-8.28 (m, 1H), 8.03-7.95 (m, 1H), 7.70- 7.65 (m,1H), 7.62-7.59 (m, 1H), 7.46-7.41 (m, 1H), 7.13-7.07 (m, 1H), 7.05-6.96(m, 1H), 4.75- 4.72 (m, 2H), 4.70-4.63 (m, 2H), 4.61-4.53 (m, 2H), 3.74(s, 3H), 3.59-3.52 (m, 1H), 3.51- 3.43 (m, 1H), 3.15-3.05 (m, 2H),2.90-2.81 (m, 2H), 2.71-2.64 (m, 2H), 2.64-2.58 (m, 1H), 2.56- 2.45 (m,2H), 2.27-2.16 (m, 1H), 1.34 (s, 6H), 1.05-0.95 (m, 3H). I-75 and I-54 68a

551.2 I-55 and I-67 Concentrated hydrochloric acid, methanol, stirringat room temperature to remove Boc  92

663.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.67 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 8.53 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 2.6 Hz, 1H), 7.57 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.52(d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.43 (dd, J = 9.0, 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.38 (d, J = 6.2Hz, 1H), 7.02 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.96 (s, 1H), 6.78 (d, J = 6.1 Hz,1H), 4.73-4.44 (m, 6H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 3.57-3.45 (m, 2H), 3.14-3.00 (m,2H), 2.97- 2.88 (m, 2H), 2.79-2.71 (m, 2H), 2.63-2.55 (m, 1H), 2.52-2.43 (m, 2H), 2.27-2.16 (m, 1H), 1.97-1.87 (m, 2H), 1.83-1.66 (m, 4H),0.96 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 3H). I-54 and I-79  93

651.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.67 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 8.55 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.95 (d, J = 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.51(d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (dd, J = 8.9, 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.32 (d, J = 6.0Hz, 1H), 7.03 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.96 (s, 1H), 6.85 (d, J = 6.0 Hz,1H), 4.80-4.76 (m, 2H), 4.72-4.47 (m, 6H), 4.10- 4.01 (m, 2H), 3.70(s,3H), 3.56- 3.46 (m, 2H), 3.13-3.00 (m, 2H), 2.95-2.85 (m, 2H), 2.61-2.54(m, 1H), 2.52-2.43 (m, 2H), 2.26- 2.17 (m, 1H), 0.97 (d, J = 6.3 Hz,3H). I-54 and I-80 100

664.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.68 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H), 8.54 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.52(d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (dd, J = 8.9, 2.6 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (d, J = 5.9Hz, 1H), 7.02 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.93 (s, 1H), 6.78 (d, J = 5.9 Hz,1H), 4.74-4.43 (m, 5H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 3.55-3.44 (m, 2H), 3.13-2.98 (m,2H), 2.82- 2.68 (m, 2H), 2.63-2.53 (m, 3H), 2.46 (m, 2H), 2.20 (m, 1H),1.28 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 6H), 0.96 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 3H). I-54 and I-55, NaBD₄101

665.4 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.68 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 8.53 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.52(d, J = 2.1 Hz, 1H), 7.43 (dd, J = 8.9, 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.21 (d, J = 5.9Hz, 1H), 7.02 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.92 (s, 1H), 6.78 (d, J = 5.9 Hz,1H), 4.73-4.43 (m, 5H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 3.53-3.43 (m, 1H), 3.11-2.98 (m,2H), 2.80-2.68 (m, 2H), 2.66-2.52 (m, 3H), 2.50-2.39 (m, 2H), 2.24-2.14(m, 1H), 1.28 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 6H), 0.96 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 3H). I-186 andI-55, NaBD₄ 104

678.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.66-8.62 (m, 1H), 8.55-8.51 (m, 1H),7.96-7.92 (m, 1H), 7.59-7.57 (m, 1H), 7.50-7.49 (m, 1H), 7.45-7.41 (m,1H), 7.07-6.98 (m, 2H), 4.71-4.66 (m, 2H), 4.64- 4.54 (m, 4H), 3.68 (s,3H), 3.53- 3.45 (m, 2H), 3.11-3.00 (m, 4H), 2.63-2.52 (m, 6H), 2.50-2.41(m, 2H), 2.24-2.16 (m, 1H), 1.30 (s, 6H), 0.99-0.94 (m, 3H). I-54 andI-82 105

665.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.70-8.51 (m, 2H), 7.92-7.90 (m, 1H),7.55-7.53 (m, 1H), 7.38 (d, J = 6.9 Hz, 1H), 7.27 (s, 1H), 7.21-7.11 (m,1H), 6.97-6.95 (m, 1H), 6.90-6.88 (m, 1H), 6.79- 6.77 (m, 1H), 5.51-5.20(m, 2H), 4.69-4.51 (m, 4H), 3.64 (s, 3H), 3.52-3.39 (m, 2H), 3.00-2.97(m, 2H), 2.88-2.85 (m, 1H), 2.72- 2.28 (m, 6H), 2.18-2.16 (m, 1H),1.28-1.24 (m, 6H), 0.93 (d, J = 6.2 Hz, 3H). I-54 and I-83 114

677.4 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.63-8.59 (m, 1H), 8.53-8.47 (m, 1H),7.93-7.89 (m, 1H), 7.50-7.47 (m, 1H), 7.46-7.42 (m, 1H), 7.35-7.27 (m,1H), 7.25-7.15 (m, 1H), 7.04-6.99 (m, 1H), 6.93- 6.90 (m, 1H), 6.81-6.66(m, 1H), 5.16-4.97 (m, 1H), 4.72-4.6.7 (m, 2H), 4.64-4.57 (m, 2H), 3.71-3.67 (m, 3H), 3.53-3.43 (m, 2H), 3.10-3.01 (m, 2H), 2.79-2.68 (m, 2H),2.66-2.59 (m, 2H), 2.59-2.54 (m, 1H), 2.49-2.43 (m, 2H), 2.23-2.14 (m,1H), 1.40- 1.34 (m, 3H), 1.30-1.27 (m, 6H), 0.97-0.93 (m, 3H). I-54 andI-84 149

664.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/ CDCl₃ = 1/1): δ 8.91 (s, 1H), 8.60 (s,1H), 8.56 (d, J = 4.9 Hz, 1H), 8.06 (s, 1H), 7.95 (s, 1H), 7.87 (d, J =7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.72 (s, 1H), 7.64 (t, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.57 (s, 1H), 7.51(t, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (d, J = 8.7 Hz, 1H), 6.98 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H),4.71-4.58 (m, 6H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.54-3.42 (m, 2H), 3.11-2.99 (m, 2H),2.61-2.52 (m, 1H), 2.52-2.40 (m, 2H), 2.22- 2.12 (m, 1H), 0.96 (d, J =6.0 Hz, 3H). I-54 and I-85 150

664.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.64 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 8.58- 8.47(m, 2H), 7.94 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.49 (d, J= 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.43 (dd, J = 9.0, 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.09-6.98 (m, 2H),4.74-4.54 (m, 6H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 3.59-3.44 (m, 2H), 3.12-3.00 (m, 4H),2.80-2.72 (m, 2H), 2.65-2.58 (m, 1H), 2.51 (t, J = 4.9 Hz, 2H),2.28-2.19 (m, 1H), 1.98-1.88 (m, 2H), 1.83-1.70 (m, 4H), 0.96 (d, J =6.4 Hz, 3H). I-54 and I-86 151

646.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆): δ 9.29 (s, 1H), 8.61 (d, J = 2.3 Hz,1H), 8.54 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.46 (s, 1H), 8.28 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H),7.91 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.82 (d, J = 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.60- 7.42 (m, 5H),7.34 (dd, J = 9.0, 2.9 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (d, J = 9.1 Hz, 1H), 4.97 (t, J =5.2 Hz, 1H), 4.54-4.35 (m, 6H), 3.69-3.62 (m, 1H), 3.57 (s, 3H),3.46-3.40 (m, 1H), 3.09-3.03 (m, 1H), 2.95- 2.87(m, 1H), 2.54-2.49 (m,1H), 2.32-2.23 (m, 2H), 2.19-2.09 (m, 1H), 0.89 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 3H).I-54 and I-87 157

650.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.69-8.61 (m, 1H), 8.57-8.50 (m, 1H),8.44 (s, 1H), 7.95 (s, 1H), 7.64-7.55 (m, 1H), 7.50 (s, 1H), 7.47-7.39(m, 1H), 7.08-6.99 (m, 2H), 4.71-4.67 (m, 2H), 4.64- 4.56 (m, 4H), 3.69(s, 3H), 3.53- 3.45 (m, 2H), 3.11-3.01 (m, 2H), 2.92-2.83 (m, 2H),2.74-2.64 (m, 2H), 2.61-2.52 (m, 1H), 2.52- 2.40 (m, 2H), 2.25-2.14 (m,1H), 2.03-1.93 (m, 2H), 1.91-1.79 (m, 2H), 1.02-0.89 (m, 3H). I-54 andI-88 158

664.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.66-8.60 (m, 1H), 8.55-8.49 (m, 1H),7.97-7.88 (m, 1H), 7.60- 7.53 (m, 1H), 7.52-7.46 (m, 1H), 7.45-7.38 (m,1H), 7.05 (s, 1H), 7.03-6.96 (m, 1H), 4.71-4.65 (m, 2H), 4.64-4.52 (m,4H), 3.67 (s, 3H), 3.53-3.43 (m, 2H), 3.19- 3.11 (m, 2H), 3.10-2.99 (m,2H), 2.74-2.64 (m, 5H), 2.57-2.51 (m, 1H), 2.50-2.39 (m, 2H), 2.23- 2.14(m, 1H), 1.98-1.88 (m, 2H), 1.84-1.74 (m, 2H), 1.00- 0.89 (m, 3H). I-54and I-89 160

649.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.67 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H), 8.53 (d, J =5.0 Hz, 1H), 7.94 (s, 1H), 7.57 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 1H), 7.52 (d, J = 2.1Hz, 1H), 7.43 (dd, J = 8.9, 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (d, J = 5.8 Hz, 1H), 7.02(d, J = 9.0 Hz, 1H), 6.91 (s, 1H), 6.77 (d, J = 5.8 Hz, 1H), 4.72-4.44(m, 6H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 3.54-3.44 (m, 2H), 3.13- 2.93 (m, 5H), 2.62-2.34(m, 5H), 2.26-2.15 (m, 1H), 1.28-1.23 (m, 3H), 0.95 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 3H).I-54 and I-90 161

667.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.67 (d, J = 1.9 Hz, 1H), 8.53 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.57 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.50(d, J = 2.1 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (dd, J = 8.9, 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.14 (d, J = 6.1Hz, 1H), 7.02 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.69 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.71-4.47(m, 6H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 3.53-3.45 (m, 2H), 3.12- 3.00 (m, 2H), 2.78-2.67(m, 2H), 2.65-2.54 (m, 3H), 2.49-2.41 (m, 2H), 2.24-2.14 (m, 1H), 1.98-1.87 (m, 2H), 1.87-1.76 (m, 2H), 0.96 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 3H). I-54 and I-91163

598.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.57-8.46 (m, 1H), 8.40 (s, 1H), 7.93(s, 1H), 7.62-7.48 (m, 1H), 7.38 (s, 1H), 7.02 (s, 1H), 5.83 (s, 1H),4.59-4.44 (m, 2H), 4.04- 3.93 (m, 2H), 3.73-3.61 (m, 5H), 3.59-3.52 (m,2H), 3.32 (s, 3H), 3.03-2.94 (m, 2H), 2.89-2.80 (m, 2H), 2.78-2.71 (m,2H), 2.71- 2.63 (m, 2H), 2.00-1.90 (m, 2H), 1.89-1.79 (m, 2H). I-134 andI-88 166

596.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/ CDCl₃ = 1/1) δ 8.57-8.50 (m, 1H), 8.36 (s,1H), 7.95-7.89 (m, 1H), 7.60-7.52 (m, 1H), 7.45-7.36 (m, 1H), 7.05 (s,1H), 5.85 (s, 1H), 4.76-4.72 (m, 2H), 4.65-4.61 (m, 2H), 4.55-4.48 (m,2H), 4.09- 4.00 (m, 2H), 3.78-3.71 (m, 1H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 3.58-3.53 (m,2H), 2.89-2.81 (m, 4H), 2.72-2.66 (m, 2H), 2.00-1.93 (m, 2H), 1.90- 1.80(m, 2H). I-136 and I-88 167

615.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.52 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.96 (d, J =2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.55 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.14(d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 6.68 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 5.85 (s, 1H), 4.61-4.45(m, 2H), 4.05- 3.98 (m, 2H), 3.74-3.70 (m, 2H), 3.67 (s, 3H), 3.60-3.55(m, 2H), 3.33 (s, 3H), 3.05-2.98 (m, 2H), 2.79-2.70 (m, 4H), 2.64-2.57(m, 2H), 1.96-1.79 (m, 4H). I-134 and I-91 168

597.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.52 (dd, J = 5.1, 0.5 Hz, 1H), 7.96(d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.55 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.42 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H),7.21 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 6.91 (s, 1H), 6.76 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 5.84(s, 1H), 4.58-4.41 (m, 2H), 4.00 (t, J = 5.6 Hz, 2H), 3.72-3.69 (m, 2H),3.67 (s, 3H), 3.57 (t, J = 5.3 Hz, 2H), 3.33 (s, 3H), 3.13-2.93 (m, 5H),2.75 (t, J = 5.3 Hz, 2H), 2.54-2.33 (m, 2H), 1.27-1.23 (m, 3H). I-134and I-90 176

558.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/ CDCl₃ = 3/1) δ 8.50 (d, J = 7.0 Hz, 1H),7.93 (d, J = 5.8 Hz, 1H), 7.53 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.43-7.41 (m, 1H),7.10-7.00 (m, 1H), 6.63 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 5.82 (s, 1H), 4.76-4.74 (m,2H), 4.57-4.43 (m, 2H), 4.11-3.94 (m, 4H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 2.76-2.54 (m,4H), 1.97-1.76 (m, 4H). I-144 and I-91 177

611.0 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/ CDCl₃ = 1/1) δ 8.59-8.49 (m, 1H),7.94-7.88 (m, 1H), 7.86-7.77 (m, 2H), 7.71-7.66 (m, 1H), 7.57- 7.53 (m,1H), 7.52-7.47 (m, 1H), 7.41-7.37 (m, 1H), 7.37-7.32 (m, 1H), 6.78-6.62(m, 1H), 5.82 (s, 1H), 4.66-4.59 (m, 1H), 4.56-4.50 (m, 1H), 4.07-3.98(m, 2H), 3.74-3.69 (m, 2H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 3.59-3.54 (m, 2H), 3.34 (s,3H), 3.06-2.98 (m, 2H), 2.79- 2.72 (m, 2H). I-134 and I-59 178

609.0 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.60-8.52 (m, 1H), 8.01-7.96 (m, 1H),7.88-7.85 (m, 1H), 7.67-7.63 (m, 2H), 7.52-7.48 (m, 2H), 7.38-7.34 (m,2H), 6.65-6.57 (m, 1H), 5.71 (s, 1H), 4.75-4.71 (m, 2H), 4.67-4.64 (m,2H), 4.62- 4.57 (m, 2H), 4.45-4.36 (m, 1H), 4.13-4.03 (m, 2H), 3.79-3.71(m, 1H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.56-3.52 (m, 2H), 3.48 (s, 1H), 2.82-2.78 (m,2H). I-136 and I-59 180

530.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.48 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.79 (s, 1H),7.53-7.45 (m, 2H), 7.27 (d, J = 5.5 Hz, 1H), 7.14-7.12 (m, 1H),7.05-7.03 (m, 1H), 6.65 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.56-4.39 (m, 2H), 4.10 (q,J = 7.3 Hz, 2H), 3.66 (s, 3H), 2.77-2.54 (m, 4H), 1.96-1.76 (m, 4H),1.41 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 3H). I-145 and I-91 181

540.0 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 8.54 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.99 (d, J =2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.74 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.50-7.40 (m, 2H), 7.01 (s, 1H),6.91 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 6.63 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 5.70 (s, 1H),5.11-5.02 (m, 1H), 4.78 (s, 2H), 4.53-4.45 (m, 1H), 4.39- 4.28 (m, 1H),4.11-4.02 (m, 4H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.10-2.94 (m, 3H), 2.51-2.35 (m, 2H),1.27 (d, J = 6.2 Hz, 3H). I-144 and I-90 182

679.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.68 (t, J = 2.1 Hz, 1H), 8.54 (dd, J =5.1, 1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.95 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H),7.55-7.48 (m, 1H), 7.44 (dd, J = 8.9, 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.39 (d, J = 5.9 Hz,1H), 7.02 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.91 (s, 1H), 6.83 (dd, J = 5.9, 1.9 Hz,1H), 4.76- 4.45 (m, 7H), 3.72-3.66 (m, 3H), 3.57-3.45 (m, 2H), 3.14-3.03(m, 2H), 2.77-2.68 (m, 1H), 2.65- 2.58 (m, 1H), 2.55-2.45 (m, 3H),2.28-2.19 (m, 1H), 1.25-1.17 (m, 6H), 0.96 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 3H). I-54 andI-92, Removing Ac during the Suzuki reaction 183

620.4 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.80-8.75 (m, 1H), 8.63-8.57 (m, 1H),8.24-8.12 (m, 1H), 7.91 (s, 1H), 7.89-7.86 (m, 1H), 7.86- 7.84 (m, 1H),7.68-7.64 (m, 1H), 7.62-7.58 (m, 1H), 7.53-7.49 (m, 2H), 7.39-7.35 (m,2H), 6.86-6.81 (m, 1H), 6.66-6.60 (m, 1H), 4.73-4.70 (m, 2H), 4.67- 4.58(m, 2H), 4.58-4.55 (m, 2H), 4.46-4.37 (m, 1H), 3.83-3.77 (m, 1H),3.76-3.72 (m, 5H), 3.69- 3.64 (m, 1H), 3.27-3.22 (m, 2H). I-146 and I-59184

650.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.61-8.57 (m, 1H), 8.57-8.52 (m, 1H),7.96-7.90 (m, 1H), 7.78- 7.70 (m, 1H), 7.58-7.55 (m, 1H), 7.50-7.46 (m,1H), 7.40-7.34 (m, 1H), 6.97-6.86 (m, 2H), 4.72- 4.68 (m, 2H), 4.62-4.53(m, 3H), 4.47-4.41 (m, 1H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 3.54-3.48 (m, 1H), 3.46-3.38(m, 1H), 3.09-3.01 (m, 2H), 2.88- 2.79 (m, 2H), 2.69-2.62 (m, 2H),2.59-2.53 (m, 1H), 2.50-2.41 (m, 2H), 2.21-2.13 (m, 1H), 1.94- 1.78 (m,4H), 0.98-0.92 (m, 3H). I-54 and I-93 186

668.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.66-8.61 (m, 1H), 8.57-8.52 (m, 1H),8.39-8.34 (m, 1H), 7.98- 7.93 (m, 1H), 7.61-7.57 (m, 1H), 7.51-7.47 (m,1H), 7.47-7.41 (m, 1H), 7.06-7.00 (m, 1H), 4.72- 4.67 (m, 2H), 4.66-4.54(m, 4H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.53-3.46 (m, 2H), 3.15-2.99 (m, 2H), 2.91-2.81(m, 2H), 2.68-2.60 (m, 2H), 2.60- 2.53 (m, 1H), 2.52-2.43 (m, 2H),2.24-2.17 (m, 1H), 2.01-1.92 (m, 2H), 1.92-1.80 (m, 2H), 1.02-0.94 (m,3H). I-54 and I-94 187

663.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.67 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 8.54 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.94 (d, J = 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.52(d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (dd, J = 9.0, 2.9 Hz, 1H), 7.24 (d, J = 5.9Hz, 1H), 7.02 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.93 (s, 1H), 6.79 (d, J = 6.0 Hz,1H), 4.73-4.44 (m, 6H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 3.53-3.45 (m, 2H), 3.12-3.01 (m,2H), 2.92-2.63 (m, 3H), 2.61-2.52 (m, 1H), 2.50-2.42 (m, 2H), 2.32- 2.17(m, 2H), 2.11-1.81 (m, 2H), 1.65-1.49 (m, 1H), 1.11 (dd, J = 6.6, 1.5Hz, 3H), 0.96 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 3H). I-54 and I-95 188

659.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/ CDCl₃ = 1/1) δ 8.64 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H),8.57 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.95 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.73 (dd, J = 7.2,4.2 Hz, 2H), 7.62-7.55 (m, 2H), 7.52 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (dd, J =9.4, 3.3 Hz, 2H), 7.30 (dd, J = 8.7, 1.4 Hz, 1H), 6.97 (d, J = 8.9 Hz,1H), 6.78 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.72-4.49 (m, 6H), 3.70 (s, 3H),3.55-3.42 (m, 2H), 3.09-3.01 (m, 2H), 2.60-2.54 (m, 1H), 2.50-2.43 (m,5H), 2.22- 2.13 (m, 1H), 0.96 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 3H). I-54 and I-96 190

668.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/ CDCl₃ = 1/1) δ 8.61-8.56 (m, 1H),8.56-8.52 (m, 1H), 7.96-7.91 (m, 1H), 7.68-7.63 (m, 1H), 7.58- 7.55 (m,1H), 7.48-7.43 (m, 1H), 7.41-7.36 (m, 1H), 6.97-6.89 (m, 1H), 4.74-4.69(m, 2H), 4.64-4.56 (m, 3H), 4.50-4.44 (m, 1H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 3.54-3.48(m, 1H), 3.47-3.38 (m, 1H), 3.10- 3.00 (m, 2H), 2.87-2.76 (m, 2H),2.63-2.53 (m, 3H), 2.51-2.41 (m, 2H), 2.21-2.12 (m, 1H), 1.92-1.84 (m,2H), 1.84-1.76 (m, 2H), 0.99-0.91 (m, 3H). I-54 and I-97 194

598.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/ CDCl₃ = 1/1) δ 8.56-8.51 (m, 1H),7.86-7.83 (m, 1H), 7.73-7.69 (m, 1H), 7.53-7.51 (m, 1H), 7.40- 7.37 (m,1H), 6.93-6.89 (m, 1H), 5.76-5.72 (m, 1H), 4.55-4.51 (m, 1H), 4.42-4.37(m, 1H), 4.05-4.00 (m, 2H), 3.71-3.68 (m, 2H), 3.66 (s, 3H), 3.57-3.54(m, 2H), 3.34 (s, 3H), 3.02-2.97 (m, 2H), 2.86-2.80 (m, 2H), 2.77-2.73(m, 2H), 2.68-2.63 (m, 2H), 1.93-1.86 (m, 2H), 1.84-1.77 (m, 2H). I-134and I-93 216

663.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.64-8.58 (m, 2H), 8.48 (s, 1H),7.93-7.84 (m, 1H), 7.42-7.35 (m, 1H), 7.35-7.30 (m, 1H), 7.18- 7.14 (m,1H), 7.01-6.95 (m, 1H), 6.88 (s, 1H), 6.74-6.69 (m, 1H), 4.69-4.63 (m,2H), 4.62-4.52 (m, 3H), 4.49-4.40 (m, 1H), 3.65 (s, 3H), 3.50-3.40 (m,2H), 3.07- 2.93 (m, 2H), 2.73-2.64 (m, 2H), 2.62-2.54 (m, 2H), 2.53-2.47(m, 1H), 2.47-2.35 (m, 2H), 2.21- 2.13 (m, 1H), 1.28-1.20 (m, 6H),0.96-0.88 (m, 3H). I-54 and I-98 218

681.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.72 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 8.55 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.01 (d, J = 2.6 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H),7.56-7.47 (m, 2H), 7.15 (d, J = 4.6 Hz, 1H), 7.04 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H),6.70 (d, J = 6.1 Hz, 1H), 4.75-4.72 (m, 1H), 4.70-4.66 (m, 2H),4.65-4.60 (m, 2H), 4.54- 4.48 (m, 1H), 3.84-3.76 (m, 1H), 3.82-2.69 (s,3H), 3.24- 3.16 (m, 1H), 2.97-2.89 (m, 1H), 2.82-2.69 (m, 4H), 2.66-2.48(m, 3H), 2.03-1.89 (m, 3H), 1.88- 1.77 (m, 2H), 0.94-0.86 (m, 6H). 1-162and I-91 221

682.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/ CDCl₃ = 1/1) δ 8.68-8.62 (m, 1H),8.57-8.52 (m, 1H), 8.29-8.24 (m, 1H), 8.03-7.96 (m, 1H), 7.58- 7.53 (m,1H), 7.53-7.49 (m, 1H), 7.49-7.41 (m, 1H), 7.01-6.94 (m, 1H), 4.73-4.60(m, 4H), 4.60- 4.51 (m, 2H), 3.81-3.73 (m, 1H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.22-3.12(m, 1H), 2.94-2.87 (m, 1H), 2.87- 2.80 (m, 2H), 2.77-2.68 (m, 2H),2.67-2.57 (m, 2H), 2.55-2.43 (m, 1H), 2.00-1.91 (m, 3H), 1.89- 1.79 (m,2H), 0.92-0.86 (m, 6H). I-162 and I-94 225

681.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.73 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 8.55 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.02 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.53(d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.49-7.47 (m, 1H), 7.16-7.14 (m, 1H), 7.00 (d, J =8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.70 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.70-4.50 (m, 6H), 3.71 (s, 3H),3.47-3.43 (m, 1H), 3.15-3.11 (m, 2H), 2.78-2.69 (m, 2H), 2.65-2.61 (m,2H), 2.45-2.41 (m, 2H), 2.21- 2.17 (m, 2H), 2.00-1.78 (m, 4H), 1.08-1.04(m, 6H). I-166 and I-91 227

681.4 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.61 (s, 1H), 8.53 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 1H),7.96-7.85 (m, 1H), 7.57 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.52-7.46 (m, 1H),7.42-7.35(m, 1H), 7.14 (d, J = 5.7 Hz, 1H), 7.01 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H),6.69 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 4.72-4.47 (m, 6H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 3.53-3.45 (m,1H), 3.41- 3.35 (m, 1H), 3.18-3.05 (m, 2H), 2.80-2.67 (m, 2H), 2.66-2.53(m, 3H), 2.50-2.37 (m, 2H), 2.35- 2.27 (m, 1H), 1.98-1.88 (m, 2H),1.87-1.77 (m, 2H), 1.73-1.59 (m, 1H), 1.46-1.33 (m, 1H), 0.87- 0.77 (m,3H). I-167 and I-91

Compound 682-(5-((5-acetyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl)amino)-3′-(hydroxymethyl)-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-[3,4′-bispyridin]-2′-yl)-7,7-dimethyl-7,8-dihydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-1(6H)-one

The compound 68 was prepared with compound 68a and correspondingreagents according to step 2 of intermediate I-4 and step 2 of compound2. [M+H]⁺ 595.3

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.55-8.50 (m, 1H), 8.07-8.01 (m, 1H),7.58-7.54 (m, 1H), 7.43 (s, 1H), 7.24-7.19 (m, 1H), 6.93 (s, 1H),6.81-6.74 (m, 1H), 5.98-5.91 (m, 1H), 4.77-4.70 (m, 2H), 4.62-4.52 (m,1H), 4.51-4.40 (m, 1H), 4.10-4.07 (m, 1H), 4.06-3.93 (m, 3H), 3.68 (s,3H), 2.78-2.70 (m, 2H), 2.64-2.59 (m, 2H), 2.21-2.16 (m, 3H), 1.30-1.27(m, 6H).

Compound 692-(3′-(hydroxymethyl)-1-methyl-5-((5-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl)amino)-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-[3,4′-bispyridin]-2′-yl)-7,7-dimethyl-7,8-dihydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-1(6H)-one

The compound 69 was prepared with compound 68a and correspondingreagents according to step 3 of intermediate I-2 and step 2 of compound2. [M+H]⁺ 576.2

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.57-8.50 (m, 1H), 8.04-7.96 (m, 1H),7.59-7.55 (m, 1H), 7.46-7.41 (m, 1H), 7.24-7.19 (m, 1H), 6.93 (s, 1H),6.81-6.73 (m, 1H), 5.86 (s, 1H), 4.60-4.53 (m, 1H), 4.50-4.41 (m, 1H),4.09-3.97 (m, 2H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 3.64-3.58 (m, 2H), 2.98-2.88 (m, 2H),2.78-2.69 (m, 2H), 2.66-2.58 (m, 2H), 2.46 (s, 3H), 1.30-1.27 (m, 6H).

Compound 702-(3′-(hydroxymethyl)-5-((5-(2-methoxymethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl)amino)-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-[3,4′-bispyridin]-2′-yl)-7,7-dimethyl-7,8-dihydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-1(6H)-one

The compound 70 was prepared with compound 68a and correspondingreagents according to step 2 of intermediate I-10 and compound 2. [M+H]⁺611.3

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.51 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.96 (d, J=2.2 Hz,1H), 7.54 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (d, J=2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.19 (d, J=5.9 Hz,1H), 6.92 (s, 1H), 6.76 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 1H), 5.84 (s, 1H), 4.55 (d, J=12.0Hz, 1H), 4.44 (d, J=12.0 Hz, 1H), 4.03-3.98 (m, 2H), 3.71-3.68 (m, 2H),3.66 (s, 3H), 3.59-3.55 (m, 2H), 3.33 (s, 3H), 3.03-2.97 (m, 2H),2.78-2.73 (m, 2H), 2.73-2.70 (m, 2H), 2.62-2.58 (m, 2H), 1.29-1.26 (m,6H).

Compound 96(S)-2-(3′-(hydroxymethyl)-1-methyl-5-((5-(2-methylpiperazine)-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-[3,4′-bispyridin]-2′-yl)-7,7-dimethyl-7,8-dihydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-1(6H)-one

Under nitrogen, a solution of intermediate I-168 (108 mg, 0.37 mmol),intermediate I-99 (200 mg, 0.37 mmol), Pd₂(dba)₃ (37 mg, 0.04 mmol),Xant-phos (23 mg, 0.04 mmol) and cesium carbonate (241 mg, 0.74 mmol) in1,4-dioxane (20 mL) was reacted at 100° C. for 12 hours.

The reaction solution was concentrated in vacuum under reduced pressure,potassium carbonate (276 mg, 5.0 mmol) and methanol (10 mL) were added,and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes. Thereaction solution was concentrated in vacuum under reduced pressure, andthe resulting residue was purified with silica gel column chromatography(methanol/water) to give yellow solid (120 mg, two-step yield 42%).[M+H]⁺ 707.4.

To a solution of the yellow solid in methanol (2 mL) was addedconcentrated hydrochloric acid, and stirred at room temperature for 30minutes. The reaction solution was concentrated in vacuum under reducedpressure, and the resulting residue was purified with silica gel columnchromatography (methanol/dichloromethane) to give compound 96 (50 mg,yield 49%). [M+H]⁺ 607.3

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.67 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 8.53 (d, J=5.1 Hz,1H), 7.94 (d, J=2.6 Hz, 1H), 7.56-7.52 (m, 2H), 7.44-7.42 (m, 1H), 7.20(d, J=5.9 Hz, 1H), 7.01 (d, J=8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.92 (s, 1H), 6.77 (d, J=5.9Hz, 1H), 4.55-4.41 (m, 2H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 3.38-3.32 (m, 1H), 3.07-2.86(m, 5H), 2.77-2.55 (m, 5H), 1.29-1.27 (m, 6H), 0.90 (d, J=6.3 Hz, 3H).

The compounds in the following table were prepared with intermediateI-99 and corresponding amine intermediates and reagents according to thepreparation steps of compound 96:

LC- MS Amine Com- [M + inter- pound Structural formula H]⁺ ¹HNMR mediate103

680.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.51 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.63-7.48 (m,3H), 7.39 (s, 1H), 7.21 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 7.06-7.04 (m, 1H),6.97-6.80 (m, 2H), 6.76-6.74 (m, J = 5.8, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 4.77-4.40 (m,6H), 3.76-3.54 (m, 4H), 3.18- 3.16 (m, 1H), 2.90-2.52 (m, 8H), 2.38-2.36(m, 1H), 2.05- 2.04 (m, 1H), 1.29-1.25 (m, 6H), 0.84 (d, J = 6.1 Hz,3H). I-169 123

663.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.84-8.78 (m, 1H), 8.55 (d, J = 5.1 Hz,1H), 8.18 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.66-7.54 (m, 3H), 7.22 (d, J = 5.9 Hz,1H), 7.08 (d, J = 9.0 Hz, 1H), 6.93 (s, 1H), 6.78 (d, J = 6.0 Hz, 1H),5.12-5.03 (m, 1H), 4.88-4.85 (m, 2H), 4.83-4.77 (m, 2H), 4.64-4.56 (m,1H), 4.51-4.44 (m, 1H), 4.40-4.31 (mz, 1H), 4.00-3.92 (m, 1H), 3.70 (s,3H), 3.39-3.33 (m, 1H), 2.78- 2.70 (m, 2H), 2.64-2.58 (m, 2H), 1.29-1.25(m, 9H). I-170 127

637.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.75 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 8.56 (d, J =5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.03 (d, J = 2.6 Hz, 1H), 7.62-7.49 (m, 3H), 7.22 (d, J =5.9 Hz, 1H), 7.04 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 1H), 6.93 (s, 1H), 6.79 (d, J = 5.8Hz, 1H), 4.60 (d, J = 12.0 Hz, 1H), 4.48 (d, J = 12.1 Hz, 1H), 3.70 (s,3H), 3.51-3.45 (m, 2H), 3.08-2.92 (m, 4H), 2.77- 2.69 (m, 2H), 2.63-2.55(m, 4H), 1.28-1.27 (m, 6H), 0.84 (d, J = 6.1 Hz, 3H). I-171 135a

695.3

179

681.4 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.64-8.58 (m, 1H), 8.51 (d, J = 5.1 Hz,1H), 7.90 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.55 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.48 (d, J =2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.39-7.35 (m, 1H), 7.20 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 6.98 (d, J =9.0 Hz, 1H), 6.92 (s, 1H), 6.77 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 4.61-4.54 (m, 2H),3.99-3.97 (m, 1H), 3.78-3.74 (m, 2H), 3.67 (s, 3H), 3.46-3.31 (m, 2H),3.26-3.22 (m, 1H), 3.01-2.68 (m, 7H), 2.62-2.50 (m, 3H), 1.29-1.25 (m,6H), 1.17-1.15 (m, 3H). I-172 185

681.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.79-8.71 (m, 1H), 8.58- 8.53 (m, 1H),8.37-8.28 (m, 1H), 8.05-7.99 (m, 1H), 7.60- 7.56 (m, 1H), 7.56-7.52 (m,1H), 7.51-7.46 (m, 1H), 7.26- 7.21 (m, 1H), 7.09-7.02 (m, 1H), 6.93 (s,1H), 6.82-6.76 (m, 1H), 4.64-4.58 (m, 1H), 4.53- 4.45 (m, 1H), 3.91-3.80(m, 4H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.52-3.34 (m, 4H), 3.26-3.14 (m, 3H), 3.11-3.03(m, 1H), 2.79-2.69 (m, 2H), 2.66-2.58 (m, 2H), 1.30-1.27 (m, 6H),1.01-0.93 (m, 3H). I-173 203

609.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.78-8.74 (m, 1H), 8.53- 8.49 (m, 1H),7.62-7.58 (m, 2H), 7.32-7.28 (m, 1H), 7.24- 7.18 (m, 2H), 6.91 (s, 1H),6.78- 6.73 (m, 1H), 4.58-4.51 (m, 1H), 4.49-4.40 (m, 1H), 4.17- 4.10 (m,1H), 3.98-3.93 (m, 1H), 3.77-3.73 (m, 2H), 3.70- 3.65 (m, 4H), 3.62-3.55(m, 1H), 3.26-3.16 (m, 1H), 2.76- 2.67 (m, 2H), 2.64-2.56 (m, 2H),1.29-1.25 (m, 6H), 1.19- 1.15 (m, 3H). I-174 204

664.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.79 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 8.57-8.55 (m,1H), 7.65-7.61 (m, 2H), 7.32-7.29 (m, 2H), 7.24-7.22 (m, 1H), 6.93-6.91(m, 1H), 6.77 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 4.70-4.63 (m, 6H), 4.37- 4.35 (m,1H), 3.89-3.87 (m, 1H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 3.48-3.46 (m, 1H), 3.36-3.34 (m,1H), 3.24-3.22 (m, 1H), 2.84-2.82 (m, 1H), 2.75-2.73 (m, 2H), 2.69-2.67(m, 1H), 2.63-2.61 (m, 2H), 2.23-2.21 (m, 1H), 1.31-1.27 (m, 9H). I-175217

678.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.78 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 8.55 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.68- 7.58 (m, 2H), 7.33-7.18 (m, 3H), 6.93 (s, 1H), 6.77(d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 4.72-4.45 (m, 6H), 4.14-4.06 (m, 1H), 4.01- 3.91(m, 1H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 3.49-3.40 (m, 1H), 3.27-3.17 (m, 1H), 2.85-2.77(m, 2H), 2.76-2.68 (m, 2H), 2.66-2.57 (m, 2H), 2.13-2.04 (m, 1H),2.03-1.88 (m, 2H), 1.73-1.56 (m, 1H), 1.30-1.27 (m, 6H), 0.89 (t, J =7.4 Hz, 3H). I-176 222

650.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/ CDCl₃ = 1/1) δ 8.82-8.76 (m, 1H),8.57-8.50 (m, 1H), 7.69- 7.63 (m, 1H), 7.63-7.57 (m, 1H), 7.27-7.20 (m,2H), 7.16- 7.10 (m, 1H), 6.95 (s, 1H), 6.75-6.68 (m, 1H), 4.73-4.69 (m,2H), 4.66-4.61 (m, 2H), 4.57-4.51 (m, 1H), 4.46-4.45 (m, 1H), 3.71 (s,3H), 3.57- 3.49 (m, 5H), 2.77-2.67 (m, 2H), 2.65-2.57 (m, 2H), 2.52-2.42 (m, 4H), 1.30-1.26 (m, 6H). I-177 229

634.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 8.63 (s, 1H), 8.54 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H),7.91-7.74 (m, 3H), 7.47 (d, J = 5.0 Hz, 1H), 7.24- 7.22 (m, 1H), 7.01(s, 1H), 6.90 (d, J = 6.5 Hz, 1H), 6.78 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.63 (d, J= 5.9 Hz, 1H), 5.08 (d, J = 11.3 Hz, 1H), 4.53-4.43 (m, 5H), 4.36-4.32(m, 1H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.03-2.90 (m, 4H), 2.72-2.57 (m, 4H), 2.03-1.94(m, 4H), 1.30-1.26 (s, 6H). I-178 230

661.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.57-8.50 (m, 1H), 8.46- 8.40 (m, 1H),7.66-7.60 (m, 1H), 7.60-7.55 (m, 1H), 7.49- 7.43 (m, 1H), 7.24-7.19 (m,1H), 7.09-7.02 (m, 1H), 7.03- 6.96 (m, 1H), 6.93 (s, 1H), 6.80-6.74 (m,1H), 4.69-4.63 (m, 2H), 4.62-4.55 (m, 1H), 4.52- 4.44 (m, 2H), 4.41-4.36(m, 1H), 4.31 (s, 1H), 3.98-3.86 (m, 1H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 3.54 (s, 1H),3.44-3.38 (m, 1H), 3.09- 2.97 (m, 1H), 2.86-2.78 (m, 2H), 2.76-2.69 (m,2H), 2.65- 2.58 (m, 2H), 1.98-1.83 (m, 2H), 1.29-1.27 (m, 6H). I-179 231

675.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.57-8.53 (m, 2H), 8.01 (d, J = 2.9 Hz,1H), 7.58 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.49 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.40-7.36 (m,1H), 7.22 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 7.00- 6.90 (m, 2H), 6.77 (d, J = 5.8 Hz,1H), 4.64-4.45 (m, 6H), 3.74-3.61 (m, 5H), 3.43-3.41 (m, 1H), 2.79-2.57(m, 4H), 2.51-2.13 (m, 4H), 1.30-1.26 (m, 6H), 0.94-0.72 (m, 4H). I-180232

649.4 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.65-8.60 (m, 1H), 8.57- 8.51 (m, 1H),7.93-7.86 (m, 1H), 7.60-7.55 (m, 1H), 7.53- 7.46 (m, 1H), 7.41-7.35 (m,1H), 7.24-7.18 (m, 1H), 7.03- 6.96 (m, 1H), 6.93 (s, 1H), 6.82- 6.75 (m,1H), 4.63-4.56 (m, 1H), 4.51-4.44 (m, 1H), 3.87- 3.81 (m, 1H), 3.79-3.74(m, 1H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 3.68-3.62 (m, 1H), 3.51-3.44 (m, 1H), 3.35-3.32(m, 1H), 3.29-3.24 (m, 1H), 2.91-2.81 (m, 2H), 2.78-2.69 (m, 3H),2.66-2.58 (m, 2H), 2.50-2.33 (m, 4H), 1.30-1.27 (m, 6H). I-181 233

648.4 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.65 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 8.61-8.55 (m,1H), 7.99-7.92 (m, 1H), 7.66-7.58 (m, 1H), 7.54 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H),7.47-7.39 (m, 1H), 7.30-7.22 (m, 1H), 7.07-7.01 (m, 1H), 6.97 (s, 1H),6.86-6.78 (m, 1H), 4.64 (d, J = 12.0 Hz, 1H), 4.52 (d, J = 12.0 Hz, 1H),3.99- 3.83 (m, 2H), 3.73 (s, 3H), 3.62- 3.60 (m, 2H), 3.18-3.01 (m, 4H),2.83-2.57 (m, 4H), 1.88- 1.83 (m, 2H), 1.81-1.74 (m, 4H), 1.34-1.31 (m,6H). I-182 234

677.4 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.58 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 8.51 (d, J =5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.82 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.55 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.47(d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.33-7.29 (m, 1H), 7.18 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 6.98(d, J = 9.0 Hz, 1H), 6.92 (s, 1H), 6.76 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 4.74-4.43(m, 6H), 3.74-3.53 (m, 5H), 3.16-3.00 (m, 2H), 2.78-2.47 (m, 6H),2.10-2.06 (m, 1H), 1.29-1.25 (m, 6H), 0.92-0.88 (m, 6H). I-183 235

661.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.58-8.49 (m, 2H), 7.61- 7.52 (m, 2H),7.50-7.45 (m, 1H), 7.24-7.18 (m, 1H), 7.03- 6.94 (m, 2H), 6.92 (s, 1H),6.80-6.74 (m, 1H), 4.61-4.41 (m, 6H), 4.34-4.24 (m, 2H), 3.75- 3.67 (m,4H), 3.20-3.15 (m, 2H), 2.96-2.83 (m, 2H), 2.78- 2.68 (m, 2H), 2.68-2.56(m, 3H), 2.10-2.02 (m, 1H), 1.29-1.27 (m, 6H). I-184 236

663.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.62-8.46 (m, 2H), 7.86- 7.76 (m, 1H),7.61-7.54 (m, 1H), 7.52-7.44 (m, 1H), 7.36- 7.28 (m, 1H), 7.25-2.17 (m,1H), 7.06-6.96 (m, 1H), 6.96- 6.87 (m, 1H), 6.83-6.71 (m, 1H), 4.62-4.57(m, 1H), 4.52- 4.44 (m, 1H), 4.02-3.91 (m, 1H), 3.85-3.66 (m, 6H), 3.38-3.33 (m, 1H), 3.09-2.97 (m, 1H), 2.76-2.53 (m, 8H), 2.35- 2.18 (m, 2H),1.28 (s, 6H), 1.09 (s, 3H). I-185

Compound 982-(5-amino-3′-(hydroxymethyl)-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-[3,4′-bispyridin]-2′-yl)-7,7-dimethyl-7,8-dihydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-1(6H)-one

Under nitrogen, a solution of intermediate I-148 (220 mg, 0.60 mmol),intermediate I-4 (237 mg, 0.60 mmol), Pd(dppf)Cl₂ CH₂C₂ (49 mg, 0.06mmol), Xphos (57 mg, 0.12 mmol) and potassium phosphate trihydrate (479mg, 1.80 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (10 mL) and water (1 mL) was reacted at100° C. for 4 hours. The reaction solution was concentrated in vacuumunder reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purified withsilica gel column chromatography (methanol/water) to give yellow solid(268 mg, yield 70%). [M+H]⁺ 638.3.

To a solution of the yellow solid in methanol (5 mL) was addedtrifluoroacetic acid (2 mL), and stirred at room temperature for 2hours. The reaction solution was concentrated in vacuum under reducedpressure, and potassium carbonate (174 mg, 1.26 mmol) and methanol (5mL) were added to the resulting residue, and the mixture was stirred atroom temperature for 15 minutes. The reaction solution was concentratedin vacuum under reduced pressure, and purified with silica gel columnchromatography (methanol/water) to give compound 98 (48 mg, yield 26%).[M+H]⁺ 432.2

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.55-8.48 (m, 1H), 7.52-7.48 (m, 1H),7.36-7.30 (m, 1H), 7.24-7.20 (m, 1H), 6.95-6.91 (m, 1H), 6.91-6.86 (m,1H), 6.78-6.72 (m, 1H), 4.55-4.49 (m, 1H), 4.47-4.41 (m, 1H), 3.64 (s,3H), 2.79-2.68 (m, 2H), 2.66-2.56 (m, 2H), 1.30-1.27 (m, 6H).

Compounds 119 and 1202-(3′-(hydroxymethyl)-5-((5-(2-methoxyethyl)-4-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl)amido)-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-[3,4′-bispyridin]-2′-yl)-7,7-dimethyl-7,8-dihydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-d][1,2,4]triazin-1(6H)-oneOptically Pure Enantiomer

(RS)-2-(3′-(hydroxymethyl)-5-((5-(2-methoxyethyl)-4-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl)amido)-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-[3,4′-bispyridin]-2′-yl)-7,7-dimethyl-7,8-dihydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-d][1,2,4]triazin-1(6H)-one(compound 110, 110 mg) was resolved by chiral HPLC to give a pair ofoptically pure enantiomers,(R)-2-(3′-(hydroxymethyl)-5-((5-(2-methoxyethyl)-4-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl)amido)-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-[3,4′-bispyridin]-2′-yl)-7,7-dimethyl-7,8-dihydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-d][1,2,4]triazin-1(6H)-oneand(S)-2-(3′-(hydroxymethyl)-5-((5-(2-methoxyethyl)-4-methyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-2-yl)amido)-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-[3,4′-bispyridin]-2′-yl)-7,7-dimethyl-7,8-dihydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-d][1,2,4]triazin-1(6H)-one.Chiral HPLC resolution conditions: column: AD-H (0.46 cm I.D.×15 cm L);Mobile phase: CO₂/ethanol=60:40; Flow rate: 2.5 mL; Detector wavelength:UV 254 nm).

Under the above conditions, the compound obtained after removing thesolvent from the first eluent obtained was named compound 119 (40 mg,yield 36%,), ee %=100%, MS (m/z): 626.3[M+H]⁺. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ8.57-8.51 (m, 1H), 8.43-8.38 (m, 1H), 7.97-7.91 (m, 1H), 7.60-7.57 (m,1H), 7.41-7.38 (m, 1H), 7.07-7.01 (m, 1H), 5.93-5.89 (m, 1H), 4.60-4.51(m, 2H), 4.04-3.91 (m, 2H), 3.83-3.76 (m, 1H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 3.60-3.53(m, 2H), 3.40-3.35 (m, 1H), 2.99-2.87 (m, 2H), 2.86-2.81 (m, 2H),2.73-2.62 (m, 3H), 1.43-1.39 (m, 3H), 1.31 (s, 6H).

Under the above conditions, the compound obtained after removing thesolvent from the second eluent obtained was named compound 120 (42 mg,yield 38%,), ee %=99.68%, MS (m/z): 626.3[M+H]⁺. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD)δ 8.56-8.52 (m, 1H), 8.42-8.38 (m, 1H), 7.95-7.92 (m, 1H), 7.60-7.57 (m,1H), 7.41-7.38 (m, 1H), 7.06-7.02 (m, 1H), 5.93-5.89 (m, 1H), 4.60-4.49(m, 2H), 4.03-3.93 (m, 2H), 3.82-3.76 (m, 1H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 3.59-3.52(m, 2H), 3.40-3.34 (m, 1H), 2.99-2.87 (m, 2H), 2.86-2.81 (s, 2H),2.73-2.62 (m, 3H), 1.43-1.39 (m, 3H), 1.30 (s, 6H).

LC- MS Com- [M + Original pound Structural formula H]⁺ ¹H NMR compound116

625.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.53 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.97-7.95 (m,1H), 7.56 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.42 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.21 (d, J =5.9 Hz, 1H), 6.92 (s, 1H), 6.76 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 5.90 (s, 1H),4.60-4.39 (m, 2H), 4.01-3.97 (m, 2H), 3.79 (q, J = 6.6 Hz, 1H), 3.67 (s,3H), 3.61-3.52 (m, 2H), 3.39-3.32 (m, 4H), 2.94-2.90 (m, 2H), 2.79-2.53(m, 5H), 1.40 (d, J = 6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.30-1.26 (m, 6H). 111 117

625.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.52 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.97-7.95 (m,1H), 7.56 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (d, J = 2.1 Hz, 1H), 7.21 (d, J =5.9 Hz, 1H), 6.92 (s, 1H), 6.76 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 5.90 (s, 1H),4.62-4.39 (m, 2H), 4.06-3.89 (m, 2H), 3.78 (q, J = 6.6 Hz, 1H), 3.67 (s,3H), 3.60-3.48 (m, 2H), 3.42-3.32 (m, 4H), 3.00-2.84 (m, 2H), 2.79-2.54(m, 5H), 1.40 (d, J = 6.5 Hz, 3H), 1.30-1.26 (m, 6H). 136

623.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.50 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.97 (t, J =2.4 Hz, 1H), 7.53 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (d, J = 2.2 Hz, 1H), 7.19(d, J = 6.4 Hz, 1H), 6.91 (s, 1H), 6.75 (d, J = 5.8 Hz, 1H), 5.88 (s,1H), 4.72-4.39 (m, 6H), 4.03-3.90 (m, 3H), 3.78-3.76 (m, 1H), 3.65 (s,3H), 3.19-3.08 (m, 1H), 2.84-2.51 (m, 5H), 1.28-1.24 (m, 9H). 112 137

623.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.53 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H), 8.02-7.96 (m,1H), 7.57 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 1H), 7.25-7.18 (m,1H), 6.92 (s, 1H), 6.76 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 5.90 (s, 1H), 4.70-4.48 (m,6H), 4.05-3.95 (m, 3H), 3.83-3.79 (m, 1H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 3.21-3.17 (m,1H), 2.84-2.60 (m, 5H), 1.32-1.24 (m, 9H). 198

679.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.69 (t, J = 2.4 Hz, 1H), 8.56 (dd, J =5.1, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.97 (d, J = 2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H),7.55-7.51 (m, 1H), 7.47 (dd, J = 8.9, 2.8 Hz, 1H), 7.39 (d, J = 6.0 Hz,1H), 7.04 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.91 (s, 1H), 6.83 (dd, J = 5.9, 2.1 Hz,1H), 4.76-4.46 (m, 7H), 3.78-3.63(m, 4H), 3.55-3.44 (m, 1H), 3.17-3.07(m, 2H), 2.92-2.55 (m, 4H), 2.54-2.46 (m, 1H), 2.44-2.25 (m, 1H),1.23-1.17 (m, 6H), 0.97 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 3H). 183 199

679.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.67 (t, J = 2.1 Hz, 1H), 8.55 (dd, J =5.1, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 7.95 (d, J = 2.7 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H),7.51 (dd, J = 3.8, 2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (dd, J = 8.9, 2.9 Hz, 1H), 7.39 (d,J = 5.9 Hz, 1H), 7.03 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), 6.91 (s, 1H), 6.83 (dd, J =5.9, 2.1 Hz, 1H), 4.77-4.46 (m, 7H), 3.76-3.65 (m, 3H), 3.56-3.44 (m,2H), 3.13-3.00 (m, 2H), 2.76-2.39 (m, 5H), 2.26-2.14 (m, 1H), 1.24-1.18(m, 6H), 0.97 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 3H).

The optically pure enantiomeric/diastereomeric compounds in the abovetable were obtained by chiral HPLC resolution. The resolution conditionswere: flow rate: 2.5 mL, detector wavelength: UV 254 nm; the chiralcolumn and mobile phase used, and the ee(de) values of the obtainedcompounds were shown in the table below (wherein in each pair ofenantiomeric compounds, the earlier numbered compounds were thecompounds obtained after removing the solvent from the first eluentobtained from the chiral column, and the later numbered compounds werethe compounds obtained after removing the solvent from the second eluentobtained from the chiral column):

Compound Column Mobile phase ee(de) % 116 AD-H (0.46 cm CO₂/ethanol(0.1% DEA) =   100% 117 I.D. × 15 cm L) 60:40 99.76% 136 AS-H (0.46 cmCO₂/isopropyl alcohol   100% 137 I.D. × 15 cm L) (0.1% DEA) = 60:4098.50% 198 AD-H (0.46 cm CO₂/isopropyl alcohol 99.38% 199 I.D. × 15 cmL) (0.1% DEA) = 50:50 98.42%

Compound 1352-((2′-(7,7-dimethyl-1-oxo-1,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-2-yl)-3′-(hydroxymethyl)-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-[3,4′-bispyridin]-5-yl)amino)-6,7-dihydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-5(4H)-nitrile

To a solution of compound 135a (250 mg, 0.36 mmol) in methanol (5 mL)was added concentrated hydrochloric acid (2 mL), and stirred at 50° C.for 30 minutes. The reaction solution was concentrated in vacuum underreduced pressure, acetonitrile (20 mL), potassium carbonate (150 mg,1.08 mmol) and cyanogen bromide (45 mg, 0.43 mmol) were added to thereaction solution, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1hour. The reaction solution was poured into water, and extracted withdichloromethane, the organic phase was collected, and concentrated invacuum under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purifiedwith silica gel column chromatography (methanol/water) to give compound135 (60 mg, yield 29%). [M+H]⁺ 578.3

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.49 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.05 (d, J=1.8 Hz,1H), 7.51 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.18 (d, J=5.9 Hz,1H), 6.90 (s, 1H), 6.75 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 1H), 5.89 (s, 1H), 4.57-4.37 (m,4H), 4.10 (t, J=5.3 Hz, 2H), 3.77-3.58 (m, 5H), 2.78-2.53 (m, 4H),1.28-1.24 (m, 6H).

The compounds in the following table were prepared with correspondingintermediates and reagents according to the preparation steps ofcompound 135:

LC-MS Compound Structural formula [M + H]⁺ ¹HNMR Intermediate 142

550.2 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/CDCl₃ = 1/2) δ 8.60- 8.56 (m, 1H),8.05-8.01 (m, 1H), 7.62-7.61 (m, 1H), 7.56- 7.53 (m, 1H), 7.10-7.06 (m,1H), 7.06-7.03 (m, 1H), 6.71- 6.65 (m, 1H), 5.94-5.88 (m, 1H), 4.54-4.52(m, 2H), 4.45- 4.41 (m, 2H), 4.25-4.17 (m, 2H), 3.78-3.72 (m, 5H), 2.95-2.89 (m, 2H), 2.86-2.80 (m, 2H), 2.64-2.55 (m, 2H). I-187 and I- 129 143

579.3 ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD/CDCl₃ = 2/1) δ 8.60- 8.55 (m, 1H),8.34-8.31 (m, 1H), 8.06-8.02 (m, 1H), 7.59- 7.56 (m, 1H), 7.48-7.45 (m,1H), 7.11-7.08 (m, 1H), 5.98- 5.93 (m, 1H), 4.58-4.52 (m, 4H), 4.21-4.16(m, 2H), 3.78- 3.74 (m, 2H), 3.72 (s, 3H), 2.86-2.84 (m, 2H), 2.69-2.65(m, 2H), 1.34 (s, 6H). I-187 and I- 114

Compound 223(S)-2-(3′-(methoxymethyl)-1-methyl-5-(methyl(5-(2-methyl-4-(oxetan-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-[3,4′-bispyridin]-2′-yl)-7,7-dimethyl-7,8-dihydro-2H-cyclopenta[4,5]pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-1(6H)-one

At 0-5° C., to a solution of compound 19 (100 mg, 0.15 mmol) in DMF (10mL) was added 60% NaH (38 mg, 0.95 mmol), and stirred at thistemperature for 30 minutes. Iodomethane (123 mg, 0.87 mmol) was furtheradded, and the reaction solution was reacted at room temperature for 30minutes. The reaction solution was poured into water, and extracted withethyl acetate, the organic phase was collected, and concentrated invacuum under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purifiedwith silica gel column chromatography (methanol/water) to give compound223 (18 mg, yield 7%). [M+H]⁺ 691.2.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.61-8.54 (m, 1H), 7.96-7.89 (m, 1H),7.85-7.79 (m, 1H), 7.78-7.71 (m, 1H), 7.62-7.56 (m, 1H), 7.47-7.39 (m,1H), 7.24-7.17 (m, 1H), 6.91 (s, 1H), 6.77-6.66 (m, 2H), 4.72-4.67 (m,2H), 4.64-4.58 (m, 3H), 4.42-4.35 (m, 1H), 4.27-4.19 (m, 1H), 3.68 (s,3H), 3.54-3.47 (m, 1H), 3.34 (s, 3H), 3.14 (s, 3H), 3.07-2.96 (m, 2H),2.78-2.71 (m, 2H), 2.67-2.59 (m, 3H), 2.59-2.51 (m, 1H), 2.43-2.34 (m,1H), 2.14-2.05 (m, 1H), 1.29 (s, 6H), 0.93-0.90 (m, 3H).

Compound 228

At 0° C., to a solution of compound 19 (200 mg, 0.30 mmol) in DMF (10mL) was added 60% NaH (38 mg, 0.95 mmol), and stirred at thistemperature for 30 minutes. Iodomethane (111 mg, 0.78 mmol) was furtheradded, and the reaction solution was reacted at room temperature for 30minutes. The reaction solution was poured into water, and extracted withethyl acetate, the organic phase was collected, and concentrated invacuum under reduced pressure, and the resulting residue was purifiedwith silica gel column chromatography (methanol/water) to give compound228 (45 mg, yield 9%). [M+H]⁺ 677.3.

¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD) δ 8.74-8.68 (m, 1H), 8.55-8.49 (m, 1H),7.98-7.89 (m, 1H), 7.57-7.51 (m, 1H), 7.43-7.39 (m, 1H), 7.37-7.32 (m,1H), 7.22-7.14 (m, 1H), 7.01-6.95 (m, 1H), 6.91 (s, 1H), 6.79-6.71 (m,1H), 4.70-4.65 (m, 2H), 4.63-4.55 (m, 2H), 4.42-4.34 (m, 1H), 4.28-4.21(m, 1H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 3.51-3.44 (m, 2H), 3.11 (s, 3H), 3.09-2.98 (m,2H), 2.76-2.69 (m, 2H), 2.63-2.58 (m, 2H), 2.56-2.50 (m, 1H), 2.49-2.38(m, 2H), 2.23-2.15 (m, 1H), 1.27 (s, 6H), 0.97-0.91 (m, 3H).

Example 2 Determination of Biochemical BTK 1. Reagents and Materials

BTK recombinant protein: Invitrogen, Cat #PV3363;

Z′-LYTE® kinase test kit-tyrosine 1 peptide: Invitrogen, Cat #PV3190;

384-well low-flange black flat-bottomed polystyrene NBS microplate, nolid, no sterilization: Corning, Cat #3575;

96-well polystyrene conical-bottomed MicroWell™ plate, sealed with alid: Thermo Scientific™ Nunc™, Cat #277143;

Envision multi-mode plate reader: PerkinElmer;

Mixmate® shaker: Eppendorf;

TS-2102 shaking incubator: TENSUC;

2. Methods

Z′-LYTE® biochemical assay employs a fluorescence resonance energytransfer (FRET)-based, coupled-enzyme format and is based on thedifferential sensitivity of phosphorylated and non-phosphorylatedpeptides to proteolytic cleavage. Both ends of the short peptidesubstrate are labeled with two fluorescent groups to form a FRET pairedcombination. In the primary reaction (the Kinase Reaction), the kinasetransfers the γ-phosphate of ATP to a single serine or threonine residueon the short peptide substrate. In the secondary reaction (thedevelopment reaction), the non-phosphorylated short peptides wererecognized and cleaved by a site-specific protease (the developmentreagent). Phosphorylated short peptides can resist such cleavage.Cleavage of short peptides can disrupt the donor (such as coumarin) andreceptor fluorophores (fluorescein) on the short peptides, while thephosphorylated short peptides can maintain FRET. The calculation methodof the ratio is as follows, and the ratio of the respective emissionsignals generated by the donor fluorophores emitted (after excitation at400 nm) to the receptors is calculated. Emission signal ratio=emittedlight by coumarin (445 nm)/emitted light by fluorescein (520 nm). If theFRET short peptide is phosphorylated (such as no kinase inhibitor), theemitted light ratio will remain in a lower level. If the FRET shortpeptide is non-phosphorylated (such as kinase inhibitor), the emittedlight ratio will be in a higher level. In this way, the inhibitoryeffects of different compound inhibitors on BTK kinase activity would bedistinguished.

The experiment were carried out according to the instructions of theZ′-LYTE® kinase test kit-tyrosine 1 peptide. Reagent preparation:1.33×kinase buffer: 5×kinase buffer was diluted with water to1.33×kinase buffer; an enzyme solution: the kinase was dissolved in1.33×kinase buffer with the final working concentration being 3.32 nM; ashort peptide solution: a short peptide stock solution (1 mM dissolvedin DMSO) was dissolved in 1.33×kinase buffer with the final workingconcentration being 2 μM; Z′-LYTE Tyr01 phosphorylated short peptidesolution, 0.6 μl of stock solution (1 mM dissolved in DMSO) wasdissolved in 149.4 μl of 1.33×kinase buffer; an ATP solution: an ATPstock solution (10 mM aqueous solution) was dissolved in 1.33×kinasebuffer with the final working concentration being 32 μM; acolor-developing solution: color-developing solution B was dissolved incolor-developing buffer with the final working concentration being1×color-developing solution; 4×compound preparation: the compound wasdiluted in 3-fold gradient concentration to finally obtain 4% DMSOaqueous solution containing different concentrations of the compound,with the final working concentration being 3000, 1000, 333.33, 111.11,37.04, 12.35, 4.12, 1.37 nM, 8 concentration points in total.

Specific steps of the experiment: In the experiment, there were threecontrol groups, each with 8 replicate wells, which were C1 100%inhibition group (no ATP), C2 0% inhibition group (with ATP), and C3100% phosphorylation group, respectively. 2.5 μl of serially dilutedcompound was added to each well of a 384-well plate, with doublereplicate wells, and 4% DMSO solution was added to wells C1, C2, and C3.After that, except for wells C3, 2.5 μl of BTK enzyme solution was addedto each remaining well, which was left to stand at 4° C. for 30 minutes.After that, except for wells C3, 2.5 μl of short peptide solution wasadded to each well, and 5 μl of phosphorylated short peptide solutionwas added to each of wells C3. 2.5 μl of 1.33×kinase buffer was added toeach of wells C1 and C3, and 2.5 μl of ATP solution was added to each ofthe remaining wells. The wells were centrifuged transiently, and theplate was shaken at 1000 rpm for 30 seconds to perform transientcentrifuge. The 384-well plate was placed in a shaking incubatorprotected from light and incubated at room temperature for 1 hour. Afterthe enzymatic reaction was completed, 5 μl of development solution wasadded to each well, which was centrifuged transiently, and the plate wasshaken at 1000 rpm for 30 seconds to perform transient centrifuge. The384-well plate was placed in a shaking incubator protected from lightand incubated at room temperature for 1 hour until the color-developingreaction was completed.

3. Detection

After the development reaction was completed, the 384-well plate wastaken out to perform plate reading using the Envision multi-mode platereader, and the optical signal was detected at the emission wavelengthof 405 nm and the excitation wavelength of 460 nm/535 nm. The readingvalue at 460 nm/535 nm of each well was used as the signal value of eachwell.

4. Calculation

The average signal value of C3 was regarded as 100% phosphorylation, theaverage signal value of C1 was regarded as 0% phosphorylation, and theaverage signal value of C2 was used to calculate the phosphorylationratio of short peptides in the presence of BTK kinase. According to thesignal value in each well, the inhibition ratio (%) of eachconcentration of compounds was calculated, and the 205 model in XL-Fit5.3 software (ID Business Solutions Limited) was used to obtain an IC₅₀value.

The phosphorylation ratio is calculated as follows:

Phosphorylation ratio (u)=100−100×[(emission signal ratio×F _(100%))−C_(100%)]/{(C _(0%) −C _(100%))+[emission signal ratio×(F _(100%) −F_(0%))]}

wherein, the emission signal ratio=coumarin emission signal (460nm)/fluorescein emission signal (535 nm); C_(100%)=average value ofcoumarin emission signal in C3; C_(0%)=average value of coumarinemission signal in C1; F_(100%)=average value of fluorescein emissionsignal in C3; F_(0%)=average value of fluorescein emission signal in C1.

The inhibition ratio is calculated as follows:

Inhibition ratio (%)=100×(phosphorylation ratio in C2−phosphorylationratio in testing well)/phosphorylation ratio in C2

5. Test Results

Compound IC₅₀ No. (μM) 1 0.035 2 0.009 3 0.224 4 0.756 5 0.009 6 0.002 7<0.001 8 0.012 9 <0.001 10 0.018 11 0.106 12 0.230 13 — 14 0.051 150.017 16 — 17 — 18 0.004 19 0.008 20 0.027 21 0.008 22 0.010 23 0.044 240.003 25 0.008 26 0.007 27 0.007 28 0.003 29 0.008 30 0.009 31 0.009 320.017 33 0.025 34 0.005 35 0.017 36 0.031 37 0.132 38 <0.001 39 0.02440 >3 41 0.012 42 0.269 43 0.009 44 0.022 45 0.011 46 0.008 47 0.003 480.004 49 0.006 50 0.024 51 0.01 52 0.018 53 0.033 54 0.015 55 0.019 560.020 57 0.006 58 0.008 59 0.005 60 0.004 61 0.004 62 0.021 63 0.008 640.020 65 0.014 66 0.011 67 0.082 68 0.005 69 0.007 70 0.010 71 0.006 720.058 73 0.216 74 0.017 75 0.011 76 0.123 77 0.441 78 0.008 79 <0.001 800.005 81 0.008 82 0.006 83 0.013 84 0.009 85 0.011 86 0.016 87 0.011 880.134 89 0.011 90 0.026 91 0.017 92 0.010 93 0.049 94 0.007 95 0.010 960.007 97 0.009 98 1.269* 99 0.006 100 0.005 101 0.006 102 0.011 103 >3104 0.010 105 0.067 106 0.012 107 0.012 108 0.007 109 0.020 110 0.002111 0.008 112 0.005 114 >3 115 0.012 116 0.010 117 0.004 118 0.005 1190.007 120 0.008 121 0.023 122 <0.001 123 0.013 124 0.006 125 0.033 1260.026 127 0.010 130 0.316 131 2.007 132 0.051 133 0.033 134 0.059 1350.008 136 0.004 137 0.006 138 0.218 139 0.039 140 <0.001 141 0.014 1420.051 143 0.004 144 0.018 145 0.033 146 0.624 147 1.563 148 0.112 1490.019 150 0.012 151 0.002 152 0.353 153 0.117 154 0.008 155 0.122 1560.006 157 0.016 158 0.194 159 0.006 160 0.003 161 0.004 162 0.001 1630.008 164 0.012 165 0.004 166 0.035 167 0.016 168 0.028 169 0.060 1700.018 171 0.013 172 0.041 173 0.080 174 0.002 175 0.071 176 0.003 1770.006 178 0.006 179 0.019 180 0.016 181 0.012 182 0.008 183 0.025 1840.077 185 0.013 186 0.014 187 0.014 188 0.041 189 0.039 190 0.029 1910.011 192 0.009 193 0.012 194 0.065 195 0.038 196 0.002 197 0.066 1980.004 199 0.008 200 0.004 201 0.005 202 0.008 203 <0.001 204 0.011 2050.015 206 0.013 207 0.011 208 0.004 209 0.011 210 0.021 211 0.017 2120.010 213 0.015 214 0.031 215 0.031 216 0.011 217 0.008 218 0.006 2190.004 220 0.005 221 0.008 222 0.008 223 >3 224 0.009 225 0.011 226 0.017227 0.008 228 0.171 229 0.012 230 0.029 231 0.005 232 0.012 233 0.040234 0.032 235 0.022 236 0.024

Example 3 Determination of Phosphorylated BTK in Ramos Cells 1. Reagentsand Materials

Ramos cells: Ramos cells were purchased from American StandardBiological Collection Center ATCC Cell Bank, PRMI 1640 medium containingL-glutamine, 1.5 g/L of sodium bicarbonate, 2.383 g/L of HEPES solution,0.11 g/L of sodium pyruvate and 4.5 g/L of glucose was used, added 10%fetal bovine serum FBS, and placed in a 5% CO₂, 37° C. cell incubatorfor normal culture;

PRMI 1640 medium: GIBCO, Cat #A10491-01;

Fetal bovine serum (FBS): GIBCO, Cat #100100-147;

Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS): GIBCO, Cat #14025-092;

Immunoglobulin M (IgM): Jackson Immuno, Cat #109-006-129;

3% hydrogen peroxide (3% H₂O₂): Sigma, Cat #88597-100ML-F;

Phosphorylated BTK HTRF detection kit (BTK phospho-Y223 HTRF kit):Cisbio, Cat #63ADK017PEH;

Microwell plate reader: Envision, Perkin Elmer;

384-well plate CulturPlate™ 384: Perkin Elmer, Cat #6007680

96-well plate: Corning, Cat #3799.

2. Methods

Ramos cells were starved in PRMI 1640 medium with 1% FBS for 2 hours.The starved Ramos cells were diluted with Hank's balanced salt solutionto 5.0×10⁶ cells/ml, seeded in a 96-well plate with 20 μL/well (1.0×10⁵cells/well), and cultured in a 5% CO₂, 37° C. cell incubator. Afterculturing for 1 hour, the test compound was diluted with Hank's balancedsalt solution in 4-fold gradient to the corresponding concentrations,and then 5 μL/well of the diluted test compound with differentconcentrations (the final concentrations of the test compound were 3.0,0.75, 0.188, 0.047, 0.012, 0.0029, 0.0007 and 0.00018 μM, and the finalconcentration of DMSO was 0.3%, double replicate wells) or 5 μL/well ofcontrol solution (1.5% DMSO, 8 replicate wells) were added to 20 μL/wellof cell culture system, which incubated together for another hour, then5 μL/well of a mixed solution of human immunoglobulin M (finalconcentration was 10 μg/mL) and hydrogen peroxide (final concentrationwas 3.3 mM) diluted with Hank's balanced salt solution was added to thetreating wells for the test compound and the control treating wells foranti-human immunoglobulin M, and 5 μL/well of Hank's balanced saltsolution was added to negative control treating wells. The plate wasincubated in a 5% CO₂, 37° C. cell incubator for 10 minutes.

10 μL/well of cell lysis buffer was added to each well of a 96-wellplate, which was mixed well and lysed at room temperature for 30minutes. 16 μL/well of lysis buffer was pipetted to a new 384 wellplate, and then added 4 μL/well of phosphorylated BTK antibody,centrifuged (1000 rpm) for 1 minute, then shaken for 1 minute, furthercentrifuged (1000 rpm) for 1 minute, and finally placed in a constanttemperature incubator overnight. Detection was performed on the nextday.

3. Detection

The 384 well plate incubated overnight in the constant temperatureincubator was taken out to detect the luminescence signal using theEnvision microwell plate reader at the emission wavelength of 320 nm andexcitation wavelength of 665 nm/615 nm. The reading value at 665 nm/615nm of each well multiplied by 104 was used as the signal value of eachwell.

4. Calculation

The average signal value of the wells supplemented with the mixedsolution of human immunoglobulin M (final concentration was 10 μg/mL)and hydrogen peroxide (final concentration was 3.3 mM) without the testcompound was regarded as the high value, and the average signal value ofthe wells without immunoglobulin M stimulation and without the testcompound was regarded as the low value. According to the signal value ineach well, the inhibition ratio (%) of each concentration of compoundswas calculated, and the 205 model in XL-Fit 5.3 software (ID BusinessSolutions Limited) was used to obtain an IC₅₀ value.

The inhibition ratio is calculated as follows:

inhibition ratio (%)=100%−{(treating well for the test compound−negativecontrol treating well)/(control treating well for anti-humanimmunoglobulin M−negative control treating well)}×100%, wherein,

Treating well for the test compound: represents the signal value ofRamos cells treated with anti-human immunoglobulin M, hydrogen peroxideand the test compound.

Control treating well for anti-human immunoglobulin M: represents thesignal value of Ramos cells treated with anti-human immunoglobulin M,hydrogen peroxide but without the test compound.

Negative control treating well: represents the signal value of Ramoscells without the test compound and without immunoglobulin stimulation.

5. Test Results

Compound IC₅₀ No. (μM) 1 0.005 2 0.010 3 0.339 4 0.480 5 0.002 6 0.002 70.003 8 0.002 9 0.004 10 0.010 11 0.155 12 0.013 13 0.001 14 0.014 150.012 16 0.002 17 0.004 18 0.004 19 0.004 20 0.017 21 0.015 22 0.018 230.030 24 0.014 25 0.024 26 0.007 27 0.001 28 0.002 29 0.030 30 0.008 310.006 32 0.030 33 0.026 34 0.010 35 0.006 36 0.012 37 0.011 38 — 390.003 40 >3 41 0.002 42 0.341 43 0.002 44 0.018 45 0.005 46 0.005 470.003 48 0.006 49 0.001 50 0.002 51 0.008 52 0.018 53 0.025 54 0.016 550.008 56 0.024 57 0.003 58 0.004 59 0.001 60 0.003 61 0.002 62 0.003 630.005 64 0.010 65 0.002 66 0.002 67 0.060 68 0.002 69 0.002 70 0.002 710.006 72 0.097 73 0.116 74 0.011 75 0.007 76 0.060 77 0.132 78 0.003 790.002 80 0.002 81 0.002 82 0.002 83 0.013 84 0.011 85 0.002 86 0.006 870.003 88 — 89 0.008 90 0.007 91 0.004 92 0.007 93 0.046 94 0.002 950.003 96 0.005 97 0.003 98 — 99 0.004 100 0.002 101 0.002 102 0.002 103— 104 0.006 105 0.011 106 0.001 107 0.002 108 0.001 109 0.004 110 0.002111 0.002 112 0.003 113 — 114 — 115 0.010 116 0.011 117 0.007 118 0.001119 0.002 120 0.005 121 0.021 122 0.007 123 0.009 124 0.007 125 0.021126 0.020 127 0.018 128 — 129 — 130 — 131 — 132 0.028 133 0.013 1340.054 135 0.005 136 0.005 137 0.004 138 — 139 0.011 140 0.011 141 0.013142 0.060 143 0.005 144 0.038 145 0.016 146 — 147 — 148 — 149 0.008 1500.012 151 0.028 152 — 153 — 154 0.013 155 — 156 0.012 157 0.025 158 —159 0.026 160 0.011 161 0.007 162 0.006 163 0.034 164 0.023 165 0.031166 0.121 167 0.012 168 0.020 169 0.030 170 0.016 171 0.011 172 0.011173 0.028 174 0.044 175 0.040 176 0.016 177 0.021 178 0.012 179 0.070180 0.084 181 0.038 182 0.034 183 0.067 184 0.080 185 0.013 186 0.010187 0.028 188 0.039 189 0.051 190 0.040 191 0.010 192 0.016 193 0.006194 — 195 — 196 0.007 197 — 198 0.012 199 0.025 200 0.021 201 0.008 2020.017 203 0.007 204 0.007 205 0.015 206 0.007 207 0.008 208 0.004 2090.005 210 0.019 211 0.020 212 0.011 213 0.015 214 0.024 215 0.051 2160.007 217 0.010 218 0.012 219 0.011 220 0.016 221 0.012 222 0.008 223 —224 0.007 225 0.009 226 0.011 227 0.005 228 0.139 229 0.010 230 0.020231 0.004 232 0.008 233 0.008 234 0.010 235 0.013 236 0.004

Example 4 Determination of B Cell Activity in Whole Blood of Rats 1.Reagents and Materials

Peripheral whole blood of female Wistar rats;

phosphate buffer PBS: GIBCO, Cat #C20012500BT;

anti-rat B220PE antibody (PE anti-rat B220): eBioscience, Cat#12-0460-82;

anti-rat CD86 FITC antibody (FITC anti-rat CD86): eBioscience, Cat#11-0860-82;

10 times lysis buffer (10×lysis buffer): BD Biosciences, Cat #555899;

fixation buffer (IC fixation buffer): Invitrogen, Cat #00-8222-49;

96 well U-shaped bottom plate: Nunc, Cat #163320;

96 well V-shaped bottom plate: Nunc, Cat #49952;

dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO): Sigma-Aldrich, Cat #34869-4L;

anti-rat immunoglobulin D (Mouse Anti-rat IgD): Bio-rad, Cat #MCA190;

flow cytometer: BD FACS Canto II, BD.

2. Methods

In the determination of the compound activity, the collected peripheralwhole blood of rat was added to a 96 well plate at 80 μL/well andcultured in a 5% CO₂, 37° C. cell incubator. After half an hour, thetest compound was diluted with PBS in a 3-fold gradient to thecorresponding concentrations, and then the diluted test compound withdifferent concentrations was added to the culture system of rat wholeblood at 10 μL/well (the final concentration of the test compound was1.0, 0.33, 0.11, 0.037, 0.012, 0.0041, 0.0014, and 0.0005 μM, the finalconcentration of DMSO was 0.3%, double replicate wells), or the controlsolution (0.3% DMSO, 6 replicate wells) was added to the correspondingwell at 10 μL/well, which were incubated in the cell incubator for onehour. Then 10 μL/well of anti-rat immunoglobulin D diluted in PBS (thefinal concentration was 10 μg/mL) was add to the treating wells of thetest compound and control wells for anti-rat immunoglobulin D, or 10μL/well of PBS was added to the negative control wells, which were mixedwell to continue the culture in a 5% CO₂, 37° C. cell incubator, andincubated for 18 hours.

On the second day, the 96-well plates were taken out and the flowcytometry antibody mixture (the final concentration of anti-rat B220PEantibody was 1 μg/mL and the final concentration of anti-rat CD86 FITCantibody was 1 μg/mL) diluted with PBS was added to each well of plate,which were incubated for 30 minutes in the dark, and then 50 μL of bloodfrom each well was pipetted to the freshly prepared 500 μL of lysisbuffer to lyse red blood cells. The plates were shaken for 20 minutes,centrifuged to remove the supernatant, then washed, fixed, and detectedon a flow cytometer.

3. Detection

The B cell activation in the sample was determined by flow dyeingmethod.

4. Calculation

The average value of the proportion of activated B cells in the wellswith anti-rat immunoglobulin D but without the test compound was used asthe control treating well for anti-rat immunoglobulin D, and the averagevalue of the proportion of activated B cells in the wells withoutimmunoglobulin D stimulation and without the test compound was used asthe negative control treating well. According to the B cell activationratio in each well, the inhibition ratio (%) of each concentration wascalculated, and then the IC₅₀ value was obtained by using the 205 modelin XL-Fit 5.3 software (ID Business Solutions Limited).

The inhibition ratio is calculated as follows:

inhibition ratio (%)=100%−{(treating well for the test compound−negativecontrol treating well)/(control treating well for anti-ratimmunoglobulin D−negative control treating well)}×100%, wherein,

Treating well for the test compound: represents the B cell activationratio in rat whole blood treated with anti-rat immunoglobulin D and thetest compound.

Control treating well for anti-rat immunoglobulin D: represents the Bcell activation ratio in rat whole blood treated with anti-ratimmunoglobulin D but without the test compound.

Negative control treating well: represents the B cell activation ratioin rat whole blood without the test compound and without immunoglobulinstimulation.

Through the above-mentioned test, the compound of the present inventionhas a potency to inhibit B cell activation in rat whole blood.

Compound IC₅₀ No. (μM) 2 0.054 5 0.002 8 0.017 13 0.005 16 0.008 170.026 19 0.003 20 0.462 21 0.024 22 0.034 23 0.277 24 0.085 25 0.029 260.019 27 0.005 28 0.078 31 0.093 43 0.052 48 0.026 49 0.010 50 0.084 570.021 58 0.006 59 0.019 60 0.034 63 0.044 64 0.052 71 0.092 75 0.085 780.041 79 0.006

Example 5 Stability Test in Liver Microsomes 1. Experiment Materials:

Both male CD-1 mouse pooled liver microsomes and male SD rat pooledliver microsomes were purchased from BioreclamationIVT Corporation, USA.

Phenacetin, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) and nicotinamideadenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) were all purchased fromSigma-Aldrich Corporation, USA. Glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P) waspurchased from Shanghai Eybridge Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.

2. Solution Preparation:

Ten mM test compound stock solution: a certain amount of test compoundwas weighed, and dissolved with an appropriate volume of DMSO to preparea stock solution with a concentration of 10 mM for use.

Reaction stopping solution: an appropriate amount of internal standardcompound phenacetin was dissolved in acetonitrile to prepare a reactionstopping solution with a concentration of 1000 ng/mL for use at roomtemperature.

3. Experiment Method:

The test compound stock solution was diluted with an organic solvent(usually a mixture of acetonitrile, methanol and water with variousratios, depending on the solubility of the compound, if necessary, 1 Nhydrochloric acid or 1 N sodium hydroxide would be added to facilitatesolubilization) to the 0.1 mM (the final concentration of the compoundin the reaction system was 1 μM) and the concentration percentage of theorganic solvents in the incubation system no more than 1% (wherein thepercentage of DMSO was required to be no more than 0.1%). An appropriateamount of 100 mM NADP, 500 mM G-6-P and 100 Unit/mL G-6-PDH were mixedand diluted with ultrapure water (the final system contains 1 mM NADP, 5mM G-6-P and 1 Unit/mL G-6-PDH), pre-incubated in a 37° C. water bathfor 10 minutes and then placed on ice for use as a NADPH regenerationsolution. 20 mg/mL liver microsomes solution and 200 mM phosphate bufferwas mixed, and diluted with ultrapure water to give a liver microsomessolution containing 2.5 mg/mL liver microsomes (the final concentrationof the reaction system is 0.5 mg/mL) and 50 mM phosphate buffer. Thediluted liver microsomes solution was mixed with 0.1 mM compoundsolution, a mixture of 100 mM EDTA, 300 mM MgCl₂ solution, 200 mMphosphate buffer (the final system was 3 mM MgCl₂, 1 mM EDTA and 50 mMphosphate buffer) and water in an appropriate volume was added. Finally,the NADPH regeneration solution was added, then the reaction solutionwas placed in a 37° C. water bath to start the reaction (the reactiontime was 30 minutes), and the reaction was stopped by adding theice-cold acetonitrile reaction stopping solution containing the internalstandard. The 0-minute sample was not incubated in a 37° C. water bath,and its difference from the 30-minute sample further lies in that theice-cold acetonitrile reaction stopping solution containing the internalstandard was added first, and then the NADPH regeneration solution wasadded. The sample added with the reaction stopping internal standardsolution was vortexed and mixed well, and then centrifuged at 4400 rpmfor 10 minutes. The supernatant was taken and diluted ten times with 50%methanol for LC-MS/MS analysis.

4. Analysis Method:

LC-MS/MS was used to determine the concentration of the compound in thesample. The percentage of the remaining compound after 30 minutes ofincubation comparing with that in the 0-minute sample was calculatedusing the peak area ratio of the compound to the internal standard as anindicator, to evaluate the metabolic stability of the compound.

Instrument: API4500, API4000 or LTQ Mass Spectrometer; the liquid phaseis UHPLC system (Shimadzu LC-30 AD, model Nexra X2) including liquiddelivery unit, column thermostat, detector and autosampler; or Agilent1200 Binary Pump series HPLC and CTC Autosampler.

Chromatographic column: Waters XSELECT Hss T3 C₁₈ (2.5 μm, 2.1×50 mm) orCAPCELLPAK MG (5 μm, 2.0×50 mm)

Mobile phase:

A: water with 0.1% FA (formic acid) (with or without 0.1% ACN(acetonitrile))

B: acetonitrile with 0.1% FA (formic acid).

As results, the stability of the compounds 2, 9, 19, 22, 34, 44, 56, 58,63, 64, 74, 75, 78, 79 of the present invention in rat & mouse livermicrosomes is better than that of the reference GDC-0853.

Compound Compound No. RLM* MLM** No. RLM* MLM** GDC-0853 81.0% 76.3% 58~100%  97.1% 2 98.9% 90.5% 63 89.6% 85.8% 9 89.5% 95.7% 64 92.1% 95.6%19 92.7% 91.8% 74 87.7% 97.5% 22 95.6% 83.4% 75 84.0% 83.0% 34 ~100% 89.5% 78 91.8% 83.4% 44 97.1% 93.1% 79 ~100%  ~100%  56 93.7% 89.5%*RLM, rat liver microsomes. **MLM, mouse liver microsomes.

Example 6 Study on In Vivo Pharmacokinetics in Mice 1. ExperimentMaterials:

Solutol HS15 was purchased from BASF, Germany, ethanol (anhydrous) waspurchased from Nanjing Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., physiological salinewas purchased from Huayu (Wuxi) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 800-1200 (CMC-Na)were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.

2. Solution Preparation:

Preparation of ethanol/Solutol mixed solution (1:1, v/v): taking anappropriate amount of Solutol HS15 in a centrifuge tube and placing in a37° C. water bath until dissolved, placing on the bench top to roomtemperature, taking 1 mL of Solutol in a centrifuge tube containing 1 mLof ethanol and mixing well to obtain the mixed solution.

Preparation of the formulation for intravenous administration:accurately weighing an appropriate amount of compound 19 powder andGDC-0853 and placing in a centrifuge tube respectively, then adding anappropriate amount of dimethyl sulfoxide, vortexing to completelydissolve to obtain a stock solution. Taking an appropriate amount ofstock solution and placing in a blank centrifuge tube, adding anappropriate amount of ethanol/Solutol mixed solution prepared inadvance, vortexing, then adding an appropriate amount of physiologicalsaline, and mixing well until a transparent liquid.

Preparation of the formulations for intragastric administration:accurately weighing an appropriate amount of compound 19 powder andGDC-0853 and placing in a centrifuge tube respectively, adding anappropriate amount of CMC-Na whose pH value was adjusted to 2.1 withhydrochloric acid, vortexing and sonicating to a uniform suspensionliquid.

3. Administration to Animals and Sample Collection:

Male ICR mice were purchased from Shanghai Lingchang Biotechnology Co.,Ltd. 18 mice were randomly divided into intravenous administration groupand intragastric administration group. The mice were fasted overnightbefore administration. The mice were withheld food but allowed to accesswater freely within 4 hours after administration, and allowed to freelyaccess food and water after 4 hours. After anesthesia with isoflurane,blood was collected from the retroorbital venous plexus and placing inan centrifuge tube containing anticoagulant, and the centrifuge tube wasstored in an box containing wet ice until the plasma was centrifuged.

4. Sample Analysis:

The plasma samples were pre-treated and then analyzed by liquidchromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), the instrument modelwas API5500. The analytical chromatographic column was Waters XSELECTHSS T3 C18 column (50×2.1 mm, 2.5 μm). In the mobile phases, deionizedwater containing 0.1% formic acid and 0.1% acetonitrile was used as theaqueous phase and acetonitrile containing 0.1% formic acid was used asthe organic phase. The concentrations of the compound in the sampleswere determined as follows. Firstly, a standard curve was established,and the peak area ratios of the compound 19 to the internal standard inthe standard curve were used as indexes. The theoretical concentrationsof compound 19 and the peak area ratios of compound 19 to the internalstandard were fitted with a quadratic regression equation to obtain theregression equation. The sample concentrations were calculated bymeasuring the peak area ratio of the compound of the test sample to theinternal standard according to the standard curve. The concentrations ofGDC-0853 in the samples were determined following the same procedure.

5. Data Analysis:

The pharmacokinetic parameters of compound 19 and GDC-0853 in mice werecalculated by Thermo Kinetica software using the average drugconcentration in plasma at each time point by non-compartmentalanalysis.

As results, the compound 19 of the present invention has a higher plasmaexposure (AUC_(0-∞)) after oral administration in mice, which is about1.7 times that of the reference GDC-0853. The average value of maximumplasma concentration (C_(max)) of compound 19 of the present inventionis similar to that of GDC-0853 (C_(max) of compound 19 is 3807 ng/mL,and C_(max) of GDC-0853 is 4063 ng/mL), but compound 19 has a longerelimination half-life (T_(1/2)) (the T_(1/2) of compound 19 is 2.7 h,and T_(1/2) of GDC-0853 is 1.5 h). The plasma concentration of compound19 at 8 h is about 3.9-folds higher than that of GDC-0853 (555 ng/mL forcompound 19, and 143 ng/mL for GDC-0853), and the plasma concentrationof compound 19 at 24 h can still be detected (the average concentrationis 8.5 ng/mL), but the plasma concentration of GDC-0853 at 24 h is belowthe lower limit of quantification (2.4 ng/mL). The test results areshown in the following Table:

Compound 19 GDC-0853 Dosage (mg/kg) 10 10 AUC_(0−∞) (ng/mL*h) 1780610268 T_(1/2) (h) 2.7 1.5 C_(max) (ng/mL) 3807 4063 C_(8 h) (ng/mL) 555143 C_(24 h) (ng/mL) 8.5 <2.4

Example 7 Evaluation of In Vivo Efficacy of the Compound of the PresentInvention in TMD8 Subcutaneous Xenograft Model

Objects: To investigate the anti-tumor activity of compound 19 in TMD8subcutaneous xenograft model in nude mice.Methods: Human diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells TMD8 (acquired underlicense from Tokyo Medical and Dental University) were cultured inRPMI1640 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum. 1×10⁷ tumor cellssuspended in RPMI1640 medium mixed well with Matrigel (purchased fromCorning, USA) at 1:1 were implanted subcutaneously on the right flank ofeach male Balb/c nude mouse (Shanghai Lingchang Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.), pretreated with cyclophosphamide (at a dose of 200 mg/kg,intraperitoneal injection 24 h before cell inoculation). When theaverage tumor volume reached about 400 mm³, animals were randomlyassigned to the following groups with 8 animals per group according tothe tumor volume: vehicle control, positive reference compound Ibrutinib(Shanghai Tianxi Chemical Co., LTD) (50 mg/kg), reference compoundGDC-0853 (10 mg/kg), compound 19 (10 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg). Ibrutinib wasformulated in 0.5% sodium methylcellulose solution, and GDC-0853 andcompound 19 were prepared in 0.5% hydroxypropyl methylcellulose solution(pH=3). All drugs were administered by oral gavage, once a day, and thevehicle control group was administered orally with 0.5% hydroxypropylmethylcellulose solution (pH=3).

Tumor volumes (tumor volume=0.5×long diameter×short diameter²) and bodyweights of the mice were measured regularly. The tumor volume change andbody weight were statistically analyzed, with p<0.05 consideredstatistically significant, and p<0.01 as extremely statisticallysignificant.

The anti-tumor activity was evaluated by tumor growth inhibition.

Tumor  growth  inhibition  (T G I  %) = 100% × (1 − (TV_(Dt  (treatment  group)) − TV_(D 0  (treatment  group)))/(TV_(Dt  (contol  group)−)TV_(D 0  (control  group))))Relative  body  weight  (RBW  %) = BW_(Dt)/BW_(D 0) × 100%

wherein, TV_(D0) represents the tumor volume obtained at firstmeasurement, namely, the tumor volume before drug administration, andTV_(Dt) represents the tumor volume on the day of measurement; BW_(D0)represents the body weight of the animal obtained at first measurement,namely, the body weight of the animal before drug administration;BW_(Dt) represents the body weight of the animal on the day ofmeasurement.

Results: The experimental results were shown in Table 1 and FIG. 1.

21 days after treatment, compared with the vehicle control group,ibrutinib at 50 mg/kg led to a 42.4% reduction in tumor growth; GDC-0853at 10 mg/kg was associated with a TGI of −12.8%. Compound 19 of thepresent invention showed a dose-dependent anti-tumor efficacy with TGIsof 76.5% and 114% at 10 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg, respectively, which hadextremely significant statistical difference compared with the vehiclecontrol group. All 8 mice in the compound 19 (30 mg/kg) treated groupshowed complete tumor regression (CR) on Day 21. Therefore, compound 19exhibited statistically significant superior efficacy to Ibrutinib orGDC-0853 at tested dose in TMD-8 model. In addition, the tumor volumechanges in the two dose groups of compound 19 had statisticallysignificant or extremely significant difference compared with the tworeferences, indicating that compound 19 of the present inventionexhibited significantly superior anti-tumor efficacy to the tworeferences at the tested doses. In addition, the tumor volume changes inthe two dose groups of compound 19 had statistically significant orextremely significant statistical difference compared with the tworeferences, indicating that the anti-tumor effect of compound 19 of thepresent invention is significantly better than that of the two referencecompounds at the tested doses. In this experiment, no body weight losswas observed in mice regardless of treatment, indicating that all thecompounds at tested doses were well tolerated.

The results showed that compound 19 of the present invention displayed adose-dependent anti-tumor activity in the TMD8 subcutaneous xenograftmodel, and complete tumor regression would be achievable by continuousdaily dosing of compound 19 at 30 mg/kg.

TABLE 1 The effect of each compound on the growth of TMD8 subcutaneoustransplantation xenograft model Number Tumor volume of animals (mm³) ±SD TGI with CR RBW (%) Groups Day 0 Day 21 (%) (Day 21) (Day 21) Vehiclegroup 403 ± 40  3229 ± 1227 — — 116.0 Ibrutinib 397 ± 42 2027 ± 991 42.41 111.4 50 mg/kg GDC-0853 397 ± 46 3585 ± 494 −12.8 0 115.5 10 mg/kgCompound 19 400 ± 41 1065 ±    76.5 0 111.0 10 mg/kg 763^(**, #, $$)Compound 19 396 ± 47 0 ±   114 8 109.8 30 mg/kg 0^(**, #, $$) Comparedwith the vehicle group: ^(**)p < 0.01; Compared with ibrutinib treatmentgroup: ^(#)p < 0.05, ^(##)p < 0.01; Compared with GDC-0853 treatmentgroup: ^($$)p < 0.01.

Example 8 Evaluation for In Vivo Efficacy of the Inhibitory Effect onBTK Target

Objects: B cells in mice whole blood were induced and activated by theanti-IgD antibody, and the inhibitory effect of the compound of thepresent invention on B cell activation in vivo was studied, so as todetermine the inhibitory effect of the compound of the present inventionon the BTK target in vivo.

Methods: C57BL/6 mice (female, 18-20 g, purchased from ShanghaiLingchang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) were grouped according to Table 2.

TABLE 2 Grouping information of in vivo administration Time for bloodNumber collection Dosage of Mode of Administration after Dosage Groups(mg/kg) animals Vehicle administration volume administration formVehicle 0 6 0.5% Oral gavage, 10 mL/kg in 16 h — group HPMC, singleweight GDC-0853 20 3 pH = 3 administration 16 h Solution Compound 20 316 h Solution 232

The animals of each group were administered, then were placed in CO₂ foranesthesia at designated time points, blood samples were taken from ratsvia retro-orbital bleeding, and heparin was used for anticoagulation; 90μL of whole blood was taken from mice of each group, and added to a 96well culture plate, and anti-mouse IgD antibody (BIO-RAD, Cat #MCA4693)was added to each well to a final concentration of 0.01 μg/μL(respectively for the each drug-treated group and anti-IgDantibody-inducted vehicle group); in addition, 90 μL of whole blood ofmice in the vehicle group was taken and added to the 96-well cultureplate, and PBS (phosphate buffer, GIBCO, Cat #C20012500BT) was added toeach well to a final concentration of 0.01 μg/μL (namely, the vehiclecontrol group); Each group was mixed well and incubated in a 37° C./5%CO₂ incubator for 4 hours. In addition, the blood of mice in thedrug-treated group was centrifuged to separate plasma for bloodconcentration analysis.

The cultured whole blood was added with fluorescently labeled antibodiesincluding anti-CD19-APC (BD Biosciences, Cat #550992) and anti-CD69-PE(BD Biosciences, Cat #553237), mixed well, and incubated at roomtemperature in the dark for 30 minutes; 50 μL of the sample wastransferred to a 96-well deep V-shaped culture plate containing 380 μLof fresh lysis buffer (BD Biosciences, Cat #555899), shaken, and placedat room temperature in the dark for 15 minutes to remove red bloodcells; which was added with 400 μL of FACS buffer (2% FBS/PBS, FBS:fetal bovine serum, GIBCO, Cat #100100-147; PBS: GIBCO, Cat#C20012500BT), centrifuged at 1200 rpm at 4° C. for 8 minutes; thesupernatant was removed, the cell clumps were washed twice with FACSbuffer, and centrifuged; then the cells were resuspended with 400 μL ofFACS buffer, the expression of CD69+ in CD19+ positive cells (B cells)was detected using BD FACS LSRFortessa flow cytometer and the data wasanalyzed.

Calculation for B Cell Activation Ratio:

B  cell  activation  ratio = percentage  of  CD 69⁺CD 19⁺  double  positive  B  cells/percentage  of  CD 19⁺  single  positive  B  cells

Calculation for Inhibition Ratio:

Inhbition  ratio = (percentage  of  B  cell  activation  ratio  in  anti-IgD  antibody-induced  vehicle  group-percentage  of  B  cell  activation  ratio  in  drug-treated  group)/(percentage  of  B  cell  activation  ratio  in  anti-IgD  antibody-induced  vehicle  group-percentage  of  B  cell  activation  ratio  in  vehicle  control  group) × 100%

All data are represented by mean±standard error. For the comparisonbetween each drug-treated group and the anti-IgD antibody-inducedvehicle group, p value was calculated by Graphpad Prism using one-wayANOVA analysis of variance and Dunnett's test, and for the comparisonbetween each drug-treated group, p value was calculated by usingunpaired t test.

Results: The experimental results are shown in FIG. 2 and Table 3.

In this experiment, after 16 hours of administration, the inhibitionratio of GDC-0853 20 mg/kg on B cell activation is 9%. The inhibitionratio of the compound 232 of the present invention at a dose of 20 mg/kgon B cell activation is 89%, which has a significantly statisticaldifference compared with the anti-IgD antibody-induced vehicle group.

TABLE 3 Effect of in vivo administration on anti-IgD antibody-induced Bcell activation in mice whole blood B cell activation ratio (the Drugconc- proportion of entration Dosage Time activated B cells Inhibitionin plasma Groups (mg/kg) (h) to total B cells) ratio (%) (ng/mL) Vehiclecontrol / 16 5.6 ± 0.6   100%  / group Anti-IgD anti- / 16 31.7 ±2.2^(####) 0% / body-inducted vehicle group GDC-0853 20 16 29.3 ±6.7     9% 5.01 ± 2.26 Compound 232 20 16  8.4 ± 1.9^(***&) 89%  76.2 ±41.7 ^(####)represents p < 0.0001 compared with the vehicle controlgroup; ^(***)represents p < 0.001 compared with the anti-IgDantibody-induced vehicle group; ^(&)represents p < 0.05 compared withthe reference GDC-0853-treated group.

According to the above-mentioned method, the inhibitory effect on BTKtarget in vivo was further measured between compound 19 and compound 176(referred to “reference compound 176”) in PCT patent application WO2013067274, and grouping was performed according to table 4 below.

TABLE 4 Grouping information of in vivo administration Time for bloodNumber collection Dosage of Mode of Administration after Dosage Groups(mg/kg) animals Vehicle administration volume administration formVehicle 0 6 0.5% Oral gavage, 10 mL/kg 16 h — group HPMC, single inweight Reference 5 3 pH = 3 administration 16 h Solution compound 176Compound 5 3 16 h Solution 19

Results: The experimental results are shown in FIG. 3 and Table 5.

In this experiment, after 16 hours of administration, the inhibitionratio of reference compound 176 at a dose of 5 mg/kg on B cellactivation is 48%; The inhibition ratio of the compound 19 of thepresent invention at a dose of 5 mg/kg on B cell activation is 80%,which has a remarkable statistical difference compared with the anti-IgDantibody-induced vehicle group.

TABLE 5 Effect of in vivo administration on anti-IgD antibody-induced Bcell activation in mice whole blood B cell activation ratio (theproportion Dosage Time of activated B cells Inhibition Groups (mg/kg)(h) to total B cells) ratio (%) Vehicle control group / 16 5.0 ± 0.5  100%  Anti-IgD / 16  22.0 ± 1.7^(####)  0% antibody-inducted vehiclegroup Compound 19 5 16  8.3 ± 1.2^(**** ) 80% Reference compound 176 516   13.9 ± 0.6^(**)& 48% ^(####)represents p < 0.0001 compared with thevehicle control group; ^(**)represents p < 0.01 compared with theanti-IgD antibody-induced vehicle group; ^(****)represents p < 0.0001compared with the anti-IgD antibody-induced vehicle group; & representsp < 0.05 compared with compound 19-treated group.

Example 9 Therapeutic Effect of the Compound of the Present Invention ona Rat Arthritis Model Induced by Type II Collagen Study Methods

An appropriate amount of bovine type II collagen (CII, Chondrex(Redmond, Wash., USA), Cat #20021) was weighed and dissolved in 0.1 moleof acetic acid (SPGC Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd (Shanghai,P.R.China), Cat #: 10000218.), which was formulated into a solution witha concentration of 6 mg/mL, stirred at 4° C. overnight, and added withan equal volume of Freund's incomplete adjuvant (Sigma-Aldrich. (St.Louis, Mo., USA), Cat #: SLBW0366.), fully emulsified to prepare anemulsion with a CII concentration of 3 mg/mL.

Female Lewis rats were purchased from Beijing Vital River LaboratoryAnimal Technology Co., Ltd (certificate number 1100111911070522, initialbody weight of 110-130 grams), and 3 rats were randomly selected asnormal group, and the remaining rats were grouped according to thefollowing table. In the first immunization on day 0, the rats exceptthat in the normal group were anesthetized with isoflurane (Hebei YipinPharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Lot: C002170601.), and then disinfected with75% alcohol. 0.2 mL of emulsion was injected intradermally at the baseof the tail thereof. A second challenge was carried out on day 7, and0.2 mL of emulsion was intradermally injected using the same method.

TABLE 6 Grouping Information of modeling administration Dosage Mode ofNumber of admin- admin- of Groups Modeling istration istration animalsVehicle Normal group / / / 3 / Vehicle control Day 0 and   0 mg/kg Oncea 8 rats 0.5% group Day 7, day, from in each HPMC- GDC-0853-4 600 μg   4mg/kg Day 0 to group Na pH Compound CII + IFA 0.06 mg/kg Day 19 319-0.06 Compound 0.25 mg/kg 19-0.25 Compound 19-1   1 mg/kg Compound19-4   4 mg/kg Compound 19-16   16 mg/kg

After grouping and modeling, the normal group was not administered, andthe rats in the other groups were administered with the control vehicle,4 mg/kg of the reference GDC-0853, and each dose of compound 19 orallyonce a day until the end of the experiment. Grouping and dosage regimenare shown in Table 6.

The paw volume was measured on day 8 after immunization, and the leftand right hind paw volumes (V) were measured every day after the pawvolume increase was detected.

The arthrosis paw volumes of the left and right hind limbs of eachanimal were measured, and the average paw volume (APV, which shows theswelling change of the paw of the animal) was calculated according tothe following formula:

Average  paw  volume  A P V = (V_(left) + V_(right))/2

Effect of drugs on the average paw volume was subjected to significanceanalysis by GraphPad with repeated measure ANOVA and Dunnett's multiplecomparisons test, and the p value was calculated, wherein ^(##)P<0.01indicated that there was a significant difference compared with thenormal group, and **p<0.01 indicated that there was a significantdifference compared with the vehicle control group.

The average arthrosis paw volume of each animal before administrationwas used as the baseline (or considered 100% inhibition ofinflammation). The averaged paw swelling (APS) of each animal iscalculated according to the following formula, wherein, APV_(d1) is theaverage paw volume of the animal administered on day 1, and APV_(dt) isthe average paw volume of the animal administered on day t:

The  averaged  paw  swelling  APS_(dt) = (APV_(dt) − APV_(d1))

The area under the curve (AUC) of the average paw volume change is thearea under the curve of the arthrosis score change calculated by thetrapezoid method, and the calculation formula is:

AUC_(paw  volume) = 1/2 × (APS_(d1) + APS_(d2)) × (d₂ − d₁) + 1/2 × (APS_(d2) + APS_(d3)) × (d₃ − d₂) + … + 1/2 × (APS_(dn) + APS_(d(n − 1))) × (d_(n) − d_(n − 1))

ED₅₀ is calculated by XLfit software according to the AUC inhibitionratio of the area under the curve of the average paw volume change. Theselected model is “log (inhibitor) vs. response−Variable slope”:

$y = {A + {\frac{B - A}{1 + \left( \frac{C}{x} \right)^{D}}.}}$

Results

Lewis rats started to develop symptoms on day 11 after the firstimmunization with bovine type II collagen, and the paw volume of theright hind limb gradually increased with the developing of course of thedisease. The paw volume increase of the rat in the vehicle control groupwas compared with that in the normal group, there was a statisticallysignificant difference (^(##)p<0.01). The paw volume of the rat withGDC-0853 was significantly reduced (**p<0.01) compared with that in thevehicle control group. Oral administration of 0.06, 0.25, 1, 4 and 16mg/kg QD of compound 19 solution once a day dose-dependently inhibitedpaw swelling, and the inhibition ratios of area under the curve were58.8%, 91.3%, 95.9%, 93.2% and 97.5%, respectively; The minimumeffective dose was 0.06 mg/kg/day, with ED₅₀<0.06 mg/kg/day, ED₉₀=0.26mg/kg. 0.25 mg/kg/day of compound 19 (inhibition ratio of area under thecurve was 91.3%) has the similar efficacy to 4 mg/kg/day of GDC-0853(inhibition ratio of area under the curve was 87.1%), there was nostatistical difference between the two groups, and both of the compoundscan significantly improve paw volume swelling compared with the modelgroup (p<0.001, paired t test by Graphpad). There was a statisticaldifference between 4 mg/kg/day of compound 19 (inhibition ratio of areaunder the curve was 93.2%) and the same dose of GDC-0853 (inhibitionratio of area under the curve was 87.1%), and the compound 19significantly increased the improvement in paw volume swelling (p<0.001,paired t test by Graphpad). The results are as shown in FIG. 4.

1-38. (canceled)
 39. A compound which is a compound of the formula:

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate, a racemicmixture or an enantiomer thereof.
 40. The compound of claim 39, which isthe compound of the formula:


41. The compound of claim 39, which is a pharmaceutically acceptablesalt of the compound of the formula:


42. A pharmaceutical composition, comprising a compound of the followingformula and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, andoptionally comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient


43. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 42, wherein the compositioncomprises at least one additional therapeutic agent.
 44. Thepharmaceutical composition of claim 43, wherein the therapeutic agent isselected from the group consisting of an anti-inflammatory agent, animmunomodulator and an anti-tumor active agent.
 45. The pharmaceuticalcomposition of claim 44, wherein the anti-tumor active agent is achemotherapeutic agent, an immune checkpoint inhibitor or agonist, or atargeted therapeutic agent.